Question 1

The deeper a rock is below the Earth's surface ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  the hotter it will be 
B)  the cooler it will be 
C)  the cooler it will be except near a pluton or magma chamber 
D)  has no influence on temperature 
A)  the hotter it will be 
B)  the cooler it will be 
C)  the cooler it will be except near a pluton or magma chamber 
D)  has no influence on temperature A

Question 2

Lines connecting points of equal temperature on maps or cross sections are called __.

Accepted Answer

A)  thermochrons 
B)  isochrons 
C)  isohyetal curves 
D)  isopleths 
E)  isotherms 
A)  thermochrons 
B)  isochrons 
C)  isohyetal curves 
D)  isopleths 
E)  isotherms E

Question 3

A mineral is said to be ____, if after a long time it does not convert to a new mineral.

Accepted Answer

A)  fixed 
B)  stable 
C)  invariable 
D)  crystalline 
E)  constant 
A)  fixed 
B)  stable 
C)  invariable 
D)  crystalline 
E)  constant B

Question 4

Metamorphic rocks are prevalent __.

Accepted Answer

A)  in continental crust in the middle of a plate, far away from any mountains or active faults 
B)  within volcanoes 
C)  in the oceanic crust away from the mid-ocean ridge 
D)  in intensely deformed portions of large mountain ranges, where the continental crust is subjected to high temperatures, pressures, and tectonic stress 
E)  nowhere on Earth, because regional metamorphism only occurred back when the mountains were forming 
A)  in continental crust in the middle of a plate, far away from any mountains or active faults 
B)  within volcanoes 
C)  in the oceanic crust away from the mid-ocean ridge 
D)  in intensely deformed portions of large mountain ranges, where the continental crust is subjected to high temperatures, pressures, and tectonic stress 
E)  nowhere on Earth, because regional metamorphism only occurred back when the mountains were forming

Question 5

When hot solutions emerge from the ocean floor, submarine hot springs called ________ form.

Accepted Answer

A)  ophiolites 
B)  geysers 
C)  hydrothermal vents 
D)  mud pots 
E)  fountains 
A)  ophiolites 
B)  geysers 
C)  hydrothermal vents 
D)  mud pots 
E)  fountains

Question 6

___ metamorphism takes place at considerable depth underground (generally greater than 5 km).

Accepted Answer

A)  Contact 
B)  Regional 
C)  Burial 
D)  Hydrothermal 
E)  Shock 
A)  Contact 
B)  Regional 
C)  Burial 
D)  Hydrothermal 
E)  Shock

Question 7

_______ metamorphism occurs adjacent to a pluton when a body of magma intrudes a relatively cool country rock.

Accepted Answer

A)  Sedimentary 
B)  Igneous 
C)  Regional 
D)  Burial 
E)  Contact 
A)  Sedimentary 
B)  Igneous 
C)  Regional 
D)  Burial 
E)  Contact

Question 8

______ stress is a type of differential stress.

Accepted Answer

A)  Shearing 
B)  Confining 
C)  Lithostatic 
D)  Hydrostatic 
E)  Atmospheric 
A)  Shearing 
B)  Confining 
C)  Lithostatic 
D)  Hydrostatic 
E)  Atmospheric

Question 9

__________ forces the constituents of a rock to become parallel to one another.

Accepted Answer

A)  Pressure 
B)  Differential stress 
C)  Strain 
D)  Heat from a nearby pluton 
E)  Starch 
A)  Pressure 
B)  Differential stress 
C)  Strain 
D)  Heat from a nearby pluton 
E)  Starch

Question 10

In some instances a single mineral, a ____, suffices for determination of the pressure and temperature under which a metamorphic rock formed.

Accepted Answer

A)  metamorphic index mineral 
B)  metamorphic key mineral 
C)  metamorphic trace mineral 
D)  metamorphic mica mineral 
E)  metamorphic pressure-temperature mineral 
A)  metamorphic index mineral 
B)  metamorphic key mineral 
C)  metamorphic trace mineral 
D)  metamorphic mica mineral 
E)  metamorphic pressure-temperature mineral

Question 11

_______ is a very fine-grained metamorphic rock that splits easily along parallel planes.

Accepted Answer

A)  Slate 
B)  Sandstone 
C)  Marble 
D)  Arkose 
E)  Gneiss 
A)  Slate 
B)  Sandstone 
C)  Marble 
D)  Arkose 
E)  Gneiss

Question 12

Differential stress forces constituents of the rock to become parallel to one another.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Hot water (or vapor) is the most important fluid involved in metamorphic processes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Shock metamorphism can occur as a result of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  volcanic eruptions 
B)  meteor impacts 
C)  tsunami 
D)  earthquakes 
E)  tornadoes 
A)  volcanic eruptions 
B)  meteor impacts 
C)  tsunami 
D)  earthquakes 
E)  tornadoes

Question 15

If the mineral assemblage in metamorphic rocks is the same, they are regarded as having formed under similar pressure and temperature conditions and belong to the same _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  metamorphic rock group 
B)  metamorphic mineral group 
C)  metamorphic facies 
D)  metamorphic temperature/pressure suite 
E)  metamorphic province 
A)  metamorphic rock group 
B)  metamorphic mineral group 
C)  metamorphic facies 
D)  metamorphic temperature/pressure suite 
E)  metamorphic province

Question 16

___ is produced when grains of quartz in sandstone are welded together when the rock is subjected to high temperatures.

Accepted Answer

A)  Limestone 
B)  Marble 
C)  Quartzite 
D)  Monzonite 
E)  Granite 
A)  Limestone 
B)  Marble 
C)  Quartzite 
D)  Monzonite 
E)  Granite

Question 17

Meteor craters show an unusual type of metamorphism called shock metamorphism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

_____ are important economic resources for lead, zinc, gold, silver, tungsten, tin, and mercury.

Accepted Answer

A)  Meteor impact sites 
B)  Hydrothermal veins 
C)  Marble 
D)  Schists 
E)  Quartzites 
A)  Meteor impact sites 
B)  Hydrothermal veins 
C)  Marble 
D)  Schists 
E)  Quartzites

Question 19

The light-color layers within a typical gneiss are formed by __.

Accepted Answer

A)  amphiboles 
B)  feldspars 
C)  pyroxenes 
D)  olivine 
E)  calcite 
A)  amphiboles 
B)  feldspars 
C)  pyroxenes 
D)  olivine 
E)  calcite

Question 20

The differential stress responsible for foliation can take place at _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the Gutenberg discontinuity 
B)  hydrothermal locations 
C)  static plate boundaries 
D)  ocean-ocean convergent boundaries 
E)  the continental crust-ocean crust transition zone 
A)  the Gutenberg discontinuity 
B)  hydrothermal locations 
C)  static plate boundaries 
D)  ocean-ocean convergent boundaries 
E)  the continental crust-ocean crust transition zone

Exam 7: Metamorphism, Metamorphic Rocks, and Hydrothermal Rocks

The deeper a rock is below the Earth's surface ______.

Lines connecting points of equal temperature on maps or cross sections are called __.

A mineral is said to be ____, if after a long time it does not convert to a new mineral.

Metamorphic rocks are prevalent __.

When hot solutions emerge from the ocean floor, submarine hot springs called ________ form.

___ metamorphism takes place at considerable depth underground (generally greater than 5 km).

_______ metamorphism occurs adjacent to a pluton when a body of magma intrudes a relatively cool country rock.

______ stress is a type of differential stress.

__________ forces the constituents of a rock to become parallel to one another.

In some instances a single mineral, a ____, suffices for determination of the pressure and temperature under which a metamorphic rock formed.

_______ is a very fine-grained metamorphic rock that splits easily along parallel planes.

Differential stress forces constituents of the rock to become parallel to one another.

Hot water (or vapor) is the most important fluid involved in metamorphic processes.

Shock metamorphism can occur as a result of ______.

If the mineral assemblage in metamorphic rocks is the same, they are regarded as having formed under similar pressure and temperature conditions and belong to the same _______.

___ is produced when grains of quartz in sandstone are welded together when the rock is subjected to high temperatures.

Meteor craters show an unusual type of metamorphism called shock metamorphism.

_____ are important economic resources for lead, zinc, gold, silver, tungsten, tin, and mercury.

The light-color layers within a typical gneiss are formed by __.

The differential stress responsible for foliation can take place at _____.

Introducing Geology, the Essentials of Plate Tectonics, and Other Important Concepts

Atoms, Elements, and Minerals

Igneous Rocks, Intrusive Activity, and the Origin of Igneous Rocks

Volcanism and Extrusive Rocks

Weathering and Soil

Sediment and Sedimentary Rocks

Time and Geology

Mass Wasting

Streams and Floods

Ground Water

Glaciers and Glaciation

Deserts and Wind Action

Waves, Beaches, and Coasts

Geologic Structures

Earthquakes

Earths Interior and Geophysical Properties

The Sea Floor

Plate Tectonics

Mountain Belts and the Continental Crust

Climate Change

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