Question 1

According to the two-factor theory of avoidance learning,the jump response is maintained by

Accepted Answer

A)  positive reinforcement. 
B)  classical conditioning. 
C)  punishment. 
D)  cognitive mapping. 
E)  negative reinforcement. 
A)  positive reinforcement. 
B)  classical conditioning. 
C)  punishment. 
D)  cognitive mapping. 
E)  negative reinforcement.

Question 2

Olga has severe symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder.It is likely that neuroimaging studies will show

Accepted Answer

A)  increased activation of the frontal cortex only. 
B)  decreased activation of the frontal cortex only. 
C)  decreased activation of the right amygdala only. 
D)  increased activation of the frontal cortex and decreased activation of the right amygdale. 
E)  decreased activation of the frontal cortex and increased activation of the right amygdale. 
A)  increased activation of the frontal cortex only. 
B)  decreased activation of the frontal cortex only. 
C)  decreased activation of the right amygdala only. 
D)  increased activation of the frontal cortex and decreased activation of the right amygdale. 
E)  decreased activation of the frontal cortex and increased activation of the right amygdale.

Question 3

Which of the following has the highest adaptive significance for humans in terms of its ability to save time and effort,and to reduce exposure to potentially dangerous trial-and-error processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  observational learning 
B)  classical conditioning 
C)  higher order conditioning 
D)  operant conditioning 
E)  secondary reinforcement 
A)  observational learning 
B)  classical conditioning 
C)  higher order conditioning 
D)  operant conditioning 
E)  secondary reinforcement

Question 4

When the conditioned stimulus is presented repeatedly without the unconditioned stimulus,the conditioned response will gradually weaken in a process called

Accepted Answer

A)  extinction. 
B)  negative reinforcement. 
C)  discrimination. 
D)  habituation. 
E)  positive reinforcement. 
A)  extinction. 
B)  negative reinforcement. 
C)  discrimination. 
D)  habituation. 
E)  positive reinforcement.

Question 5

Animals trained on schedules of reinforcement sometimes show a post-reinforcement pause-they stop responding for a while immediately after reinforcement is delivered.Which of the following schedules would NOT show a post-reinforcement pause?

Accepted Answer

A)  fixed-interval 
B)  fixed-ratio 
C)  variable-interval 
D)  short-delay schedule 
E)  intermittent ratio 
A)  fixed-interval 
B)  fixed-ratio 
C)  variable-interval 
D)  short-delay schedule 
E)  intermittent ratio

Question 6

A child typically needs to burn her hand on a hot stove only once to learn to avoid doing this in the future.Psychologists involved in classical conditioning would most likely consider this as an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  uni-trial extinction. 
B)  negative reinforcement. 
C)  punishment. 
D)  fear conditioning. 
E)  habituation. 
A)  uni-trial extinction. 
B)  negative reinforcement. 
C)  punishment. 
D)  fear conditioning. 
E)  habituation.

Question 7

Every time Jeff gets his paycheque,he feels really good.Lately,he has noticed that he has started to like the person who hands him his paycheque every week.From a classical conditioning perspective,the person who hands Jeff his paycheque is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  unconditioned stimulus. 
B)  unconditioned response. 
C)  conditioned stimulus. 
D)  conditioned response. 
E)  positive reinforcer. 
A)  unconditioned stimulus. 
B)  unconditioned response. 
C)  conditioned stimulus. 
D)  conditioned response. 
E)  positive reinforcer.

Question 8

In classical conditioning,the best sequencing of CS and UCS is

Accepted Answer

A)  forward short-delay pairing. 
B)  simultaneous pairing. 
C)  backward pairing. 
D)  backward trace pairing. 
E)  spontaneous pairing. 
A)  forward short-delay pairing. 
B)  simultaneous pairing. 
C)  backward pairing. 
D)  backward trace pairing. 
E)  spontaneous pairing.

Question 9

If you want to train a dog to perform really complex behaviours such as those seen in movies,it might be a good idea to use a procedure called

Accepted Answer

A)  extinction. 
B)  chaining. 
C)  discrimination. 
D)  habituation. 
E)  backward pairing. 
A)  extinction. 
B)  chaining. 
C)  discrimination. 
D)  habituation. 
E)  backward pairing.

Question 10

When Pavlov was conditioning his dog to salivate in response to a tone,he first paired the tone with the presentation of food until the tone alone could induce salivation.In his experiments,which of the following was considered to be the unconditioned stimulus?

Accepted Answer

A)  salivation in response to the food 
B)  the food 
C)  salivation in response to the tone 
D)  the tone 
E)  the food and the tone 
A)  salivation in response to the food 
B)  the food 
C)  salivation in response to the tone 
D)  the tone 
E)  the food and the tone

According to the two-factor theory of avoidance learning,the jump response is maintained by

Olga has severe symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder.It is likely that neuroimaging studies will show

Which of the following has the highest adaptive significance for humans in terms of its ability to save time and effort,and to reduce exposure to potentially dangerous trial-and-error processes?

When the conditioned stimulus is presented repeatedly without the unconditioned stimulus,the conditioned response will gradually weaken in a process called

Animals trained on schedules of reinforcement sometimes show a post-reinforcement pause-they stop responding for a while immediately after reinforcement is delivered.Which of the following schedules would NOT show a post-reinforcement pause?

A child typically needs to burn her hand on a hot stove only once to learn to avoid doing this in the future.Psychologists involved in classical conditioning would most likely consider this as an example of

Every time Jeff gets his paycheque,he feels really good.Lately,he has noticed that he has started to like the person who hands him his paycheque every week.From a classical conditioning perspective,the person who hands Jeff his paycheque is a(n)

In classical conditioning,the best sequencing of CS and UCS is

If you want to train a dog to perform really complex behaviours such as those seen in movies,it might be a good idea to use a procedure called

When Pavlov was conditioning his dog to salivate in response to a tone,he first paired the tone with the presentation of food until the tone alone could induce salivation.In his experiments,which of the following was considered to be the unconditioned stimulus?

Psychology: The Science of Behaviour

Studying Behaviour Scientifically

Biological Foundations of Behaviour

Genes, Evolution, and Behaviour

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Memory

Language and Thinking

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Development Over the Lifespan

Behaviour in a Social Context

Personality

Stress, Coping, and Health

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters

Exam 7: Learning and Adaptation: the Role of Experience

According to the two-factor theory of avoidance learning,the jump response is maintained by

Olga has severe symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder.It is likely that neuroimaging studies will show

Which of the following has the highest adaptive significance for humans in terms of its ability to save time and effort,and to reduce exposure to potentially dangerous trial-and-error processes?

When the conditioned stimulus is presented repeatedly without the unconditioned stimulus,the conditioned response will gradually weaken in a process called

Animals trained on schedules of reinforcement sometimes show a post-reinforcement pause-they stop responding for a while immediately after reinforcement is delivered.Which of the following schedules would NOT show a post-reinforcement pause?

A child typically needs to burn her hand on a hot stove only once to learn to avoid doing this in the future.Psychologists involved in classical conditioning would most likely consider this as an example of

Every time Jeff gets his paycheque,he feels really good.Lately,he has noticed that he has started to like the person who hands him his paycheque every week.From a classical conditioning perspective,the person who hands Jeff his paycheque is a(n)

In classical conditioning,the best sequencing of CS and UCS is

If you want to train a dog to perform really complex behaviours such as those seen in movies,it might be a good idea to use a procedure called

When Pavlov was conditioning his dog to salivate in response to a tone,he first paired the tone with the presentation of food until the tone alone could induce salivation.In his experiments,which of the following was considered to be the unconditioned stimulus?

Psychology: The Science of Behaviour

Studying Behaviour Scientifically

Biological Foundations of Behaviour

Genes, Evolution, and Behaviour

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Memory

Language and Thinking

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Development Over the Lifespan

Behaviour in a Social Context

Personality

Stress, Coping, and Health

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters