Question 1

The _______________ is a structure in the brain stem that is involved in activities like sleeping, waking, and dreaming.

Accepted Answer

A)  medulla 
B)  pons 
C)  thalamus 
D)  cerebellum 
A)  medulla 
B)  pons 
C)  thalamus 
D)  cerebellum

Question 2

Which of the following neurotransmitters affects neurons involved in sleep, appetite, sensory perception, temperature regulation, pain suppression, and mood?

Accepted Answer

A)  serotonin 
B)  dopamine 
C)  acetylcholine 
D)  norepinephrine 
A)  serotonin 
B)  dopamine 
C)  acetylcholine 
D)  norepinephrine

Question 3

When a neurotransmitter molecule binds briefly with a receptor site, changes occur in the receiving neuron's charge. If there is a voltage shift in a negative direction, then the effect is:

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibitory, and so the probability that the receiving neuron will fire decreases. 
B)  excitatory, and so the probability that the receiving neuron will fire increases. 
C)  inhibitory, and so the probability that the receiving neuron will fire increases. 
D)  excitatory, and so the probability that the receiving neuron will fire decreases. 
A)  inhibitory, and so the probability that the receiving neuron will fire decreases. 
B)  excitatory, and so the probability that the receiving neuron will fire increases. 
C)  inhibitory, and so the probability that the receiving neuron will fire increases. 
D)  excitatory, and so the probability that the receiving neuron will fire decreases.

Question 4

Matias has a severe mood transmitter caused by a problem with neurotransmitters in his brain. What is the most likely source of Matias's problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  He has too few dopamine-producing cells. 
B)  He has too many dopamine-producing cells. 
C)  He has too few serotonin-producing cells. 
D)  He has too few glutamate-producing cells. 
A)  He has too few dopamine-producing cells. 
B)  He has too many dopamine-producing cells. 
C)  He has too few serotonin-producing cells. 
D)  He has too few glutamate-producing cells.

Question 5

The _______________ is sometimes called "the emotional brain," although researchers have discovered it has functions unrelated to emotions.

Accepted Answer

A)  thalamus 
B)  medulla 
C)  reticular activating system 
D)  limbic system 
A)  thalamus 
B)  medulla 
C)  reticular activating system 
D)  limbic system

Question 6

Glutamate functions as the:

Accepted Answer

A)  neurotransmitter most involved in voluntary movements. 
B)  major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. 
C)  neurotransmitter most responsible for the slowing of intestinal activity during stress. 
D)  major excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. 
A)  neurotransmitter most involved in voluntary movements. 
B)  major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. 
C)  neurotransmitter most responsible for the slowing of intestinal activity during stress. 
D)  major excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain.

Question 7

Which of the following is true regarding the effects of culture on the brain?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bilingual people use different parts of their brains for their two languages. 
B)  Illiterate individuals tend to have more white matter in a part of the parietal cortex. 
C)  Technological literacy cannot affect brain activity. 
D)  The patterns of brain activity during mathematical processing are the same in all humans. 
A)  Bilingual people use different parts of their brains for their two languages. 
B)  Illiterate individuals tend to have more white matter in a part of the parietal cortex. 
C)  Technological literacy cannot affect brain activity. 
D)  The patterns of brain activity during mathematical processing are the same in all humans.

Question 8

Oxytocin is secreted by the:

Accepted Answer

A)  endocrine gland. 
B)  adrenal gland. 
C)  pineal gland. 
D)  pituitary gland. 
A)  endocrine gland. 
B)  adrenal gland. 
C)  pineal gland. 
D)  pituitary gland.

Question 9

In the peripheral nervous system, _______________ carry messages from special receptors in the skin, muscles, and other internal and external sense organs to the spinal cord, which sends them along to the brain.

Accepted Answer

A)  hormones 
B)  motor nerves 
C)  neuromodulators 
D)  sensory nerves 
A)  hormones 
B)  motor nerves 
C)  neuromodulators 
D)  sensory nerves

Question 10

Reflexes above the neck, such as sneezing and blinking, are controlled by the _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  spinal cord 
B)  sympathetic nervous system 
C)  brain 
D)  parasympathetic nervous system 
A)  spinal cord 
B)  sympathetic nervous system 
C)  brain 
D)  parasympathetic nervous system

Question 11

Most recreational drugs produce their effects by:

Accepted Answer

A)  blocking or enhancing the actions of neurotransmitters. 
B)  killing GABA neurons. 
C)  causing glial cells to produce excess myelin. 
D)  blocking glial cells from producing myelin. 
A)  blocking or enhancing the actions of neurotransmitters. 
B)  killing GABA neurons. 
C)  causing glial cells to produce excess myelin. 
D)  blocking glial cells from producing myelin.

Question 12

Which of the following statements is true of the brain?

Accepted Answer

A)  Patients with right hemisphere damage may have difficulties with reading and identifying objects. 
B)  Patients with left hemisphere damage may have difficulty identifying faces and understanding music or art. 
C)  Each hemisphere receives sensory input from the same side of the body, but controls the movement of the opposite side of the body. 
D)  The two hemispheres are similar in structure but are specialized for different functions. 
A)  Patients with right hemisphere damage may have difficulties with reading and identifying objects. 
B)  Patients with left hemisphere damage may have difficulty identifying faces and understanding music or art. 
C)  Each hemisphere receives sensory input from the same side of the body, but controls the movement of the opposite side of the body. 
D)  The two hemispheres are similar in structure but are specialized for different functions.

Question 13

Explain why the hippocampus has been called the "gateway to memory." What research supports this explanation?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 14

Which of the following sex hormones contributes to the growth and maintenance of the uterine lining in preparation for a fertilized egg?

Accepted Answer

A)  estrogen 
B)  progesterone 
C)  testosterone 
D)  androgen 
A)  estrogen 
B)  progesterone 
C)  testosterone 
D)  androgen

Question 15

The name "glial" is derived from the Greek word for "glue." It is an appropriate name because glial cells:

Accepted Answer

A)  keep the axon from detaching from the cell body. 
B)  hold neurons in place. 
C)  fuse neurotransmitters to receptor sites. 
D)  fuse sodium ions to potassium ions. 
A)  keep the axon from detaching from the cell body. 
B)  hold neurons in place. 
C)  fuse neurotransmitters to receptor sites. 
D)  fuse sodium ions to potassium ions.

Question 16

Which part of the neuron contains the biochemical machinery for keeping the neuron alive?

Accepted Answer

A)  the cell body 
B)  glial cells 
C)  the axon 
D)  dendrites 
A)  the cell body 
B)  glial cells 
C)  the axon 
D)  dendrites

Question 17

New research suggests that glial cells make up around _______________ of the brain's cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  10 percent 
B)  25 percent 
C)  50 percent 
D)  90 percent 
A)  10 percent 
B)  25 percent 
C)  50 percent 
D)  90 percent

Question 18

Which of the following is a reason for caution in using brain imaging technology?

Accepted Answer

A)  Brain scans can only be used to study abnormal brains. 
B)  Brain scans tell us what is happening, but not precisely where it is happening. 
C)  Imaging technology can mask the variability among people's brains. 
D)  It is not known how safe repeated usage of brain scans is for an individual. 
A)  Brain scans can only be used to study abnormal brains. 
B)  Brain scans tell us what is happening, but not precisely where it is happening. 
C)  Imaging technology can mask the variability among people's brains. 
D)  It is not known how safe repeated usage of brain scans is for an individual.

Question 19

Parts of the _______________ are involved in social judgment, rational decision making, and the ability to set goals and to make and carry through plans.

Accepted Answer

A)  temporal lobes 
B)  parietal lobes 
C)  occipital lobes 
D)  frontal lobes 
A)  temporal lobes 
B)  parietal lobes 
C)  occipital lobes 
D)  frontal lobes

Question 20

_______________ carry orders from the central nervous system to muscles, glands, and internal organs.

Accepted Answer

A)  Motor nerves 
B)  Sensory nerves 
C)  Dendrites 
D)  Glial cells 
A)  Motor nerves 
B)  Sensory nerves 
C)  Dendrites 
D)  Glial cells

The _______________ is a structure in the brain stem that is involved in activities like sleeping, waking, and dreaming.

Which of the following neurotransmitters affects neurons involved in sleep, appetite, sensory perception, temperature regulation, pain suppression, and mood?

When a neurotransmitter molecule binds briefly with a receptor site, changes occur in the receiving neuron's charge. If there is a voltage shift in a negative direction, then the effect is:

Matias has a severe mood transmitter caused by a problem with neurotransmitters in his brain. What is the most likely source of Matias's problem?

The _______________ is sometimes called "the emotional brain," although researchers have discovered it has functions unrelated to emotions.

Glutamate functions as the:

Which of the following is true regarding the effects of culture on the brain?

Oxytocin is secreted by the:

In the peripheral nervous system, _______________ carry messages from special receptors in the skin, muscles, and other internal and external sense organs to the spinal cord, which sends them along to the brain.

Reflexes above the neck, such as sneezing and blinking, are controlled by the _______________.

Most recreational drugs produce their effects by:

Which of the following statements is true of the brain?

Explain why the hippocampus has been called the "gateway to memory." What research supports this explanation?

Which of the following sex hormones contributes to the growth and maintenance of the uterine lining in preparation for a fertilized egg?

The name "glial" is derived from the Greek word for "glue." It is an appropriate name because glial cells:

Which part of the neuron contains the biochemical machinery for keeping the neuron alive?

New research suggests that glial cells make up around _______________ of the brain's cells.

Which of the following is a reason for caution in using brain imaging technology?

Parts of the _______________ are involved in social judgment, rational decision making, and the ability to set goals and to make and carry through plans.

_______________ carry orders from the central nervous system to muscles, glands, and internal organs.

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Behaviour in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters

Exam 4: The Brain and Nervous System

The _______________ is a structure in the brain stem that is involved in activities like sleeping, waking, and dreaming.

Which of the following neurotransmitters affects neurons involved in sleep, appetite, sensory perception, temperature regulation, pain suppression, and mood?

When a neurotransmitter molecule binds briefly with a receptor site, changes occur in the receiving neuron's charge. If there is a voltage shift in a negative direction, then the effect is:

Matias has a severe mood transmitter caused by a problem with neurotransmitters in his brain. What is the most likely source of Matias's problem?

The _______________ is sometimes called "the emotional brain," although researchers have discovered it has functions unrelated to emotions.

Glutamate functions as the:

Which of the following is true regarding the effects of culture on the brain?

Oxytocin is secreted by the:

In the peripheral nervous system, _______________ carry messages from special receptors in the skin, muscles, and other internal and external sense organs to the spinal cord, which sends them along to the brain.

Reflexes above the neck, such as sneezing and blinking, are controlled by the _______________.

Most recreational drugs produce their effects by:

Which of the following statements is true of the brain?

Explain why the hippocampus has been called the "gateway to memory." What research supports this explanation?

Which of the following sex hormones contributes to the growth and maintenance of the uterine lining in preparation for a fertilized egg?

The name "glial" is derived from the Greek word for "glue." It is an appropriate name because glial cells:

Which part of the neuron contains the biochemical machinery for keeping the neuron alive?

New research suggests that glial cells make up around _______________ of the brain's cells.

Which of the following is a reason for caution in using brain imaging technology?

Parts of the _______________ are involved in social judgment, rational decision making, and the ability to set goals and to make and carry through plans.

_______________ carry orders from the central nervous system to muscles, glands, and internal organs.

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Behaviour in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters