Question 1

Internal validity refers to the extent of generalizability of the results of a causal study to other settings.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

A Quasi-Experimental Design measures true cause-and-effect relationships.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Quasi-Experimental Designs expose an experimental group to a treatment and measure its effects.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Cause-and-effect inferences can be contaminated by the effects of the passage of time.Such contamination effects are denoted history effects.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

A field study is an experiment done in the natural environment in which work goes on as usual,but treatments are given to one or more groups.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Manipulation of independent variables in order to unravel causal relationships is unacceptable from a scientific point of view.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The manipulation of the independent variable is also known as the treatment,and the results of the treatment are called treatment effects.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

One way of controlling "nuisance" variables is to match the various groups by picking the confounding characteristics and deliberately spreading them across groups.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

A key problem of time series is history: certain events or factors that have an impact on the independent variable-dependent variable relationship might unexpectedly occur while the experiment is in progress.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

External validity of lab experiments refers to the confidence we place in the cause-and-effect relationship.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

History effects (the dropout of individuals from groups)is a problem for all experimental designs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Major threats to validity in a "pretest & posttest with one experimental group only" are:
a.History,maturation,main testing,interactive testing,mortality.
b.Statistical regression,maturation,main testing,interactive testing,mortality.
c.Statistical regression,instrumentation,main testing,interactive testing,mortality.
d.History,instrumentation,main testing,interactive testing,mortality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

An interactive testing effect occurs when the prior observation (the pretest)affects the later observation (the posttest).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Biases that might affect the internal validity of experimental designs are often reduced by enhancing the level of sophistication of the experimental design.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

There is a trade-off between internal validity and external validity.If we want high internal validity,we should be willing to settle for lower external validity and vice versa.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

A Quasi-Experimental Design guarantees the maximum internal and external validity,ruling out many other rival hypotheses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

A time series design thus allows the researcher to assess the impact of a treatment over time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Internal validity refers to the extent of generalizability of the results of a causal study to other settings.

A Quasi-Experimental Design measures true cause-and-effect relationships.

Quasi-Experimental Designs expose an experimental group to a treatment and measure its effects.

Cause-and-effect inferences can be contaminated by the effects of the passage of time.Such contamination effects are denoted history effects.

A field study is an experiment done in the natural environment in which work goes on as usual,but treatments are given to one or more groups.

Manipulation of independent variables in order to unravel causal relationships is unacceptable from a scientific point of view.

The manipulation of the independent variable is also known as the treatment,and the results of the treatment are called treatment effects.

One way of controlling "nuisance" variables is to match the various groups by picking the confounding characteristics and deliberately spreading them across groups.

A key problem of time series is history: certain events or factors that have an impact on the independent variable-dependent variable relationship might unexpectedly occur while the experiment is in progress.

External validity of lab experiments refers to the confidence we place in the cause-and-effect relationship.

History effects (the dropout of individuals from groups)is a problem for all experimental designs.

An interactive testing effect occurs when the prior observation (the pretest)affects the later observation (the posttest).

Biases that might affect the internal validity of experimental designs are often reduced by enhancing the level of sophistication of the experimental design.

There is a trade-off between internal validity and external validity.If we want high internal validity,we should be willing to settle for lower external validity and vice versa.

A Quasi-Experimental Design guarantees the maximum internal and external validity,ruling out many other rival hypotheses.

A time series design thus allows the researcher to assess the impact of a treatment over time.

Introduction to Research

Scientific Investigation

The Broad Problem Area and Defining the Problem Statement

The Critical Literature Review

Theoretical Framework and Hypothesis Development

The Elements of Research Design

Data Collection Methods: Introduction and Interviews

Data Collection Methods: Observation

Data Collection Methods: Questionnaires

Measurement of Variables: Operational Definition

Measurement: Scaling,reliability,validity

Sampling

Quantitative Data Analysis

Quantitative Data Analysis: Hypothesis Testing

Qualitative Data Analysis

The Research Report

Filters

Exam 10: Experimental Designs

Internal validity refers to the extent of generalizability of the results of a causal study to other settings.

A Quasi-Experimental Design measures true cause-and-effect relationships.

Quasi-Experimental Designs expose an experimental group to a treatment and measure its effects.

Cause-and-effect inferences can be contaminated by the effects of the passage of time.Such contamination effects are denoted history effects.

A field study is an experiment done in the natural environment in which work goes on as usual,but treatments are given to one or more groups.

Manipulation of independent variables in order to unravel causal relationships is unacceptable from a scientific point of view.

The manipulation of the independent variable is also known as the treatment,and the results of the treatment are called treatment effects.

One way of controlling "nuisance" variables is to match the various groups by picking the confounding characteristics and deliberately spreading them across groups.

A key problem of time series is history: certain events or factors that have an impact on the independent variable-dependent variable relationship might unexpectedly occur while the experiment is in progress.

External validity of lab experiments refers to the confidence we place in the cause-and-effect relationship.

History effects (the dropout of individuals from groups)is a problem for all experimental designs.

An interactive testing effect occurs when the prior observation (the pretest)affects the later observation (the posttest).

Biases that might affect the internal validity of experimental designs are often reduced by enhancing the level of sophistication of the experimental design.

There is a trade-off between internal validity and external validity.If we want high internal validity,we should be willing to settle for lower external validity and vice versa.

A Quasi-Experimental Design guarantees the maximum internal and external validity,ruling out many other rival hypotheses.

A time series design thus allows the researcher to assess the impact of a treatment over time.

Introduction to Research

Scientific Investigation

The Broad Problem Area and Defining the Problem Statement

The Critical Literature Review

Theoretical Framework and Hypothesis Development

The Elements of Research Design

Data Collection Methods: Introduction and Interviews

Data Collection Methods: Observation

Data Collection Methods: Questionnaires

Measurement of Variables: Operational Definition

Measurement: Scaling,reliability,validity

Sampling

Quantitative Data Analysis

Quantitative Data Analysis: Hypothesis Testing

Qualitative Data Analysis

The Research Report

Filters