Exam 1: Introduction and History of Victimology

Mendelsohn came to the conclusion that there was usually a weak interpersonal relationship between the offender and the victim.

Primitive laws usually contained two premises:(1)acts that injured others were considered private wrongs,and (2)the injured party was entitled to take action against the wrongdoer.

Sexual assaults are in reality a way for the perpetrator to control,dominate,and humiliate the victim.

Hindelang and his colleagues examined exposure and guardianship as they relate to victimization.They call this theory the _____ approach to victimization,which argues that the likelihood of becoming a victim depends on an individual's lifestyle.

The term victim is inconsistently applied in the various arenas of federal criminal law.

How did the victims' rights movement begin?

Karmen correctly points out that victimologists view the dynamics of the victim's role in society from a ______ perspective.

Von Hentig established a typology of victims.The classification was based on psychological,_____,and biological factors.

The Code of Hammurabi did not provide for victims.

Common law is a traditional body of unwritten legal precedents created by court decisions throughout the Middle Ages in England.

The Code of Hammurabi is considered one of the first known attempts to establish a written code of conduct.

One factor that hindered the awareness of the plight of victims was that society became more conservative and concerned about crime in general.

Von Hentig theorized that a large percentage of victims,because of their acts or _____,were responsible for their victimization.

The Justinian Code distinguished between two major types of laws:public laws and private laws.

The researcher ____asserts that rape is an act used by men to maintain their dominance over women through the use of force.

What are the key points in the opportunity model of victimization?

In 1982,President Carter appointed a Task Force on Victims of Crime.