Exam 5: How Sociologists Do Research

What was the major ethics issue in the Brajuha research?

For an independent variable to be the cause of an event, it must precede that which is changed (the dependent variable).

In the statement, "Poverty causes crime," the words "poverty" and "crime" are best described as ________ because they are subject to change.

In an experiment, one group of participants is exposed to treatment, another is exposed to an application identified to them as treatment, and another is not exposed to any treatment. In such a procedure, the participants who are not exposed to any form of treatment, either genuine or false, are classified as the ________ group.

What are the three ways to measure the "average" of a set of scores?

What are the two ways researchers use to gather data when employing surveys as a research method? What are the advantages and disadvantages of each?

If two variables have a perfect correlation, they will be represented by a correlation coefficient of zero.

What does the term "generalizability" mean as it applies to research methods?

Match the term with the definition. 1) hypothesis 2) operational definition 3) survey 4) population 5) random sample 6) sample 7) median 8) mean 9) stratified random sample 10) fieldwork 11) rapport 12) generalizability 13) experimental group 14) control group 15) unobtrusive measures -A) in a series of scores, the score that falls halfway between the top and bottom scores B) the collection of data by having people answer a series of questions C) a sample from selected subgroups of the target population in which everyone in those subgroups has an equal chance of being included in the research D) ways of observing people who do not know that they are being studied E) a feeling of trust that connects the researcher and the people being studied F) the precise way in which a researcher measures a variable G) a study in which the researcher participates in a research setting while observing what is happening in that setting (also called participant observation) H) the group of subjects who are exposed to the independent variable I) the group of subjects who are not exposed to the independent variable J) a sample in which everyone in the target population has the same chance of being included in the study K) the extent to which findings from one group can be applied to other groups L) in a series of scores, the arithmetic average reached by adding the scores and dividing the total by the number of scores M) a statement regarding the ways in which variables are expected to be related to one another, often according to predictions from a theory N) the individuals intended to represent the population to be studied O) the target group to be studied

Jim would like to conduct interviews with women who have been victims of rape. What could we suppose about the kind of responses he will get?

One of the early concerns of IQ tests was that they tested the subject's knowledge of the upper-class white culture of the scientists who developed them, and not the true educational potential of the person tested. In view of this, which assessment of the early IQ tests is most accurate?

Why did Mario Brajuha refuse to turn over his research notes to the authorities, even when subpoenaed?

Max has developed the hypothesis that the stress felt by unemployed men increases the probability of spousal abuse. In this case, stress would be considered the ________ variable and spousal abuse would be considered the ________ variable.

What is another term used to describe the research method called participant observation?

What are the three conditions necessary for causation?

What is a correlation between variables?

Which of the following research errors is less likely to be classified as fraud and more likely to be considered as simply sloppy work?

What is the difference between a "sample" and a "random sample"?

"Research bias" and "research fraud" are concepts that can be used interchangeably because they are virtually identical.

Why is it important to ask neutral questions while conducting sociological research?