Question 1

Manipulation of independent variables in order to unravel causal relationships is unacceptable from a scientific point of view.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

Cause-and-effect inferences can be contaminated by the effects of the passage of time.Such contamination effects are denoted history effects.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

An interactive testing effect occurs when the prior observation (the pretest)affects the later observation (the posttest).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Major threats to validity in a "pretest & posttest with one experimental group only" are:

Accepted Answer

A) History,maturation,main testing,interactive testing,mortality. 
B) Statistical regression,maturation,main testing,interactive testing,mortality. 
C) Statistical regression,instrumentation,main testing,interactive testing,mortality. 
D) History,instrumentation,main testing,interactive testing,mortality. 
A) History,maturation,main testing,interactive testing,mortality. 
B) Statistical regression,maturation,main testing,interactive testing,mortality. 
C) Statistical regression,instrumentation,main testing,interactive testing,mortality. 
D) History,instrumentation,main testing,interactive testing,mortality.

Question 5

The manipulation of the independent variable is also known as the treatment,and the results of the treatment are called treatment effects.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

External validity of lab experiments refers to the confidence we place in the cause-and-effect relationship.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Biases that might affect the internal validity of experimental designs are often reduced by enhancing the level of sophistication of the experimental design.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

A field study is an experiment done in the natural environment in which work goes on as usual,but treatments are given to one or more groups.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

There is a trade-off between internal validity and external validity.If we want high internal validity,we should be willing to settle for lower external validity and vice versa.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

A key problem of time series is history: certain events or factors that have an impact on the independent variable-dependent variable relationship might unexpectedly occur while the experiment is in progress.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Quasi-Experimental Designs expose an experimental group to a treatment and measure its effects.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

A time series design thus allows the researcher to assess the impact of a treatment over time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

A Quasi-Experimental Design measures true cause-and-effect relationships.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

History effects (the dropout of individuals from groups)is a problem for all experimental designs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

One way of controlling "nuisance" variables is to match the various groups by picking the confounding characteristics and deliberately spreading them across groups.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

A Quasi-Experimental Design guarantees the maximum internal and external validity,ruling out many other rival hypotheses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Internal validity refers to the extent of generalizability of the results of a causal study to other settings.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Manipulation of independent variables in order to unravel causal relationships is unacceptable from a scientific point of view.

Cause-and-effect inferences can be contaminated by the effects of the passage of time.Such contamination effects are denoted history effects.

An interactive testing effect occurs when the prior observation (the pretest)affects the later observation (the posttest).

Major threats to validity in a "pretest & posttest with one experimental group only" are:

The manipulation of the independent variable is also known as the treatment,and the results of the treatment are called treatment effects.

External validity of lab experiments refers to the confidence we place in the cause-and-effect relationship.

Biases that might affect the internal validity of experimental designs are often reduced by enhancing the level of sophistication of the experimental design.

A field study is an experiment done in the natural environment in which work goes on as usual,but treatments are given to one or more groups.

There is a trade-off between internal validity and external validity.If we want high internal validity,we should be willing to settle for lower external validity and vice versa.

A key problem of time series is history: certain events or factors that have an impact on the independent variable-dependent variable relationship might unexpectedly occur while the experiment is in progress.

Quasi-Experimental Designs expose an experimental group to a treatment and measure its effects.

A time series design thus allows the researcher to assess the impact of a treatment over time.

A Quasi-Experimental Design measures true cause-and-effect relationships.

History effects (the dropout of individuals from groups)is a problem for all experimental designs.

One way of controlling "nuisance" variables is to match the various groups by picking the confounding characteristics and deliberately spreading them across groups.

A Quasi-Experimental Design guarantees the maximum internal and external validity,ruling out many other rival hypotheses.

Internal validity refers to the extent of generalizability of the results of a causal study to other settings.

Introduction to Research

The Scientific Approach and Alternative Approaches to Investigation

Defining and Refining the Problem

The Critical Literature Review

Theoretical Framework and Hypothesis Development

Elements of Research Design

Interviews

Data Collection Methods: Observation

Administering Questionnaires

Measurement of Variables: Operational Definition

Measurement: Scaling, Reliability and Validity

Sampling

Quantitative Data Analysis

Quantitative Data Analysis: Hypothesis Testing

Qualitative Data Analysis

The Research Report

Filters

Exam 10: Experimental Designs

Manipulation of independent variables in order to unravel causal relationships is unacceptable from a scientific point of view.

Cause-and-effect inferences can be contaminated by the effects of the passage of time.Such contamination effects are denoted history effects.

An interactive testing effect occurs when the prior observation (the pretest)affects the later observation (the posttest).

Major threats to validity in a "pretest & posttest with one experimental group only" are:

The manipulation of the independent variable is also known as the treatment,and the results of the treatment are called treatment effects.

External validity of lab experiments refers to the confidence we place in the cause-and-effect relationship.

Biases that might affect the internal validity of experimental designs are often reduced by enhancing the level of sophistication of the experimental design.

A field study is an experiment done in the natural environment in which work goes on as usual,but treatments are given to one or more groups.

There is a trade-off between internal validity and external validity.If we want high internal validity,we should be willing to settle for lower external validity and vice versa.

A key problem of time series is history: certain events or factors that have an impact on the independent variable-dependent variable relationship might unexpectedly occur while the experiment is in progress.

Quasi-Experimental Designs expose an experimental group to a treatment and measure its effects.

A time series design thus allows the researcher to assess the impact of a treatment over time.

A Quasi-Experimental Design measures true cause-and-effect relationships.

History effects (the dropout of individuals from groups)is a problem for all experimental designs.

One way of controlling "nuisance" variables is to match the various groups by picking the confounding characteristics and deliberately spreading them across groups.

A Quasi-Experimental Design guarantees the maximum internal and external validity,ruling out many other rival hypotheses.

Internal validity refers to the extent of generalizability of the results of a causal study to other settings.

Introduction to Research

The Scientific Approach and Alternative Approaches to Investigation

Defining and Refining the Problem

The Critical Literature Review

Theoretical Framework and Hypothesis Development

Elements of Research Design

Interviews

Data Collection Methods: Observation

Administering Questionnaires

Measurement of Variables: Operational Definition

Measurement: Scaling, Reliability and Validity

Sampling

Quantitative Data Analysis

Quantitative Data Analysis: Hypothesis Testing

Qualitative Data Analysis

The Research Report

Filters