Exam 2: The Scientific Approach and Alternative Approaches to Investigation

Pragmatism is a combination of the belief in an external reality with the rejection of the claim that this external reality can be objectively measured.

In the hypothetico-deductive research method,hypotheses play an important role.

A deductive investigation is based on theoretically logical reasoning.

The critical realist is critical of our ability to understand the world with certainty.

A researcher who observed separate phenomena and on this basis attempts to arrive at general conclusions,works inductively.

Scientific investigation is characterized by a good theoretical base and a sound methodological design.These characteristics are both related to the of the investigation. What must be filled on the line?

Different researchers have different ideas about the nature of knowledge or on how we come to know.

The focus of pragmatism is on basic,fundamental research

Knowledge of epistemology may help you to relate to and understand the research of others and the choices that were made in this research.

For a constructionist,science and scientific research is seen as the way to get at the truth

Logically speaking inductive research comes first (before deductive research)

Positivists believe that the world (as we know it!)is mentally constructed.

Constructionists are often more concerned with understanding a specific case than with the generalization of their findings.

Critical realistm does not take on a particular position on what makes good research.

Deduction is the process of drawing conclusions based on (an interpretation of)the results of data-analysis.

'Rigor' related to scientific investigation refers amongst others to:

Case studies are usually qualitative in nature.

An inductive investigation starts with an observation of empirical data.

Confidence as a characteristic of scientific investigation refers to:

It is impossible to test hypotheses via case studies.