Question 1

In Alan Lang's experiment, aggression was defined as the intensity and duration of shocks given the accomplice. These measures represented the __________ variable.

Accepted Answer

A)  experimental 
B)  independent 
C)  dependent 
D)  control 
A)  experimental 
B)  independent 
C)  dependent 
D)  control

Question 2

In a laboratory, smokers are asked to "drive" using a computerized driving simulator equipped with a stick shift and a gas pedal. The object is to maximize the distance covered by driving as fast as possible on a winding road while avoiding rear-end collisions. Some of the participants smoke a real cigarette immediately before climbing into the driver's seat. Others smoke a fake cigarette without nicotine. You are interested in comparing how many collisions the two groups have. In this study, the dependent variable is __________

Accepted Answer

A)  the use of nicotine. 
B)  the use of a driving simulator. 
C)  the number of collisions. 
D)  the driving skills of each driver. 
A)  the use of nicotine. 
B)  the use of a driving simulator. 
C)  the number of collisions. 
D)  the driving skills of each driver.

Question 3

The question "How can it be changed?" refers to which of the following goals in psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  description 
B)  explanation 
C)  prediction 
D)  influence 
A)  description 
B)  explanation 
C)  prediction 
D)  influence

Question 4

All of the following are accurate statements regarding random assignment EXCEPT __________

Accepted Answer

A)  it is a procedure for assigning people to experimental and control groups. 
B)  it is a procedure in which each subject has the same possibility of being assigned to a given group. 
C)  it is a procedure in which subjects are assigned to a positive correlation or a negative correlation condition. 
D)  it is a procedure that allows individual characteristics to be roughly balanced between groups 
A)  it is a procedure for assigning people to experimental and control groups. 
B)  it is a procedure in which each subject has the same possibility of being assigned to a given group. 
C)  it is a procedure in which subjects are assigned to a positive correlation or a negative correlation condition. 
D)  it is a procedure that allows individual characteristics to be roughly balanced between groups

Question 5

Who was an early proponent of functionalism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ivan Pavlov 
B)  William James 
C)  Wilhelm Wundt 
D)  Max Wertheimer 
A)  Ivan Pavlov 
B)  William James 
C)  Wilhelm Wundt 
D)  Max Wertheimer

Question 6

The placebo effect means __________

Accepted Answer

A)  all conditions in an experiment are the same. 
B)  that there is no control group. 
C)  the expectations of the participants influence their behavior. 
D)  experimenter bias causes the subjects to act strangely. 
A)  all conditions in an experiment are the same. 
B)  that there is no control group. 
C)  the expectations of the participants influence their behavior. 
D)  experimenter bias causes the subjects to act strangely.

Question 7

A researcher stops people at the mall and asks them questions about their attitudes toward gun control. Which research technique is being used?

Accepted Answer

A)  survey 
B)  experiment 
C)  case study 
D)  naturalistic observation 
A)  survey 
B)  experiment 
C)  case study 
D)  naturalistic observation

Question 8

The research method that is used to explore cause-and-effect relationships between variables is __________

Accepted Answer

A)  the experimental method. 
B)  naturalistic observation. 
C)  the correlational method. 
D)  the case study. 
A)  the experimental method. 
B)  naturalistic observation. 
C)  the correlational method. 
D)  the case study.

Question 9

Observing behavior as it happens in real-life natural settings without imposing laboratory controls is known as the __________

Accepted Answer

A)  naturalistic observation method. 
B)  experimental method. 
C)  survey method. 
D)  psychometric approach. 
A)  naturalistic observation method. 
B)  experimental method. 
C)  survey method. 
D)  psychometric approach.

Question 10

A correlation coefficient shows that smoking and life expectancy are indeed related. As a result, a researcher could predict _____________ if the direction of the relationship is known.

Accepted Answer

A)  if a person smokes a lot of cigarettes, he or she will have less money monthly to buy gas 
B)  the person's life expectancy will go up or down based on the number of cigarettes the person smokes daily 
C)  if a person smokes cigarettes, he or she will eventually develop lung cancer 
D)  a person's lungs will repair themselves and he or she will live a longer life 
A)  if a person smokes a lot of cigarettes, he or she will have less money monthly to buy gas 
B)  the person's life expectancy will go up or down based on the number of cigarettes the person smokes daily 
C)  if a person smokes cigarettes, he or she will eventually develop lung cancer 
D)  a person's lungs will repair themselves and he or she will live a longer life

Question 11

In experiments, random assignment is used to avoid __________

Accepted Answer

A)  selection bias. 
B)  the placebo effect. 
C)  experimenter bias. 
D)  the dependent variable effect. 
A)  selection bias. 
B)  the placebo effect. 
C)  experimenter bias. 
D)  the dependent variable effect.

Question 12

The social desirability response is seen when participants __________

Accepted Answer

A)  deliberately mislead the researcher. 
B)  try to present themselves in a good light. 
C)  provide inaccurate information because they misunderstand the questions. 
D)  deliberately avoid stressful subjects. 
A)  deliberately mislead the researcher. 
B)  try to present themselves in a good light. 
C)  provide inaccurate information because they misunderstand the questions. 
D)  deliberately avoid stressful subjects.

Question 13

The German word Gestalt roughly means __________

Accepted Answer

A)  belief or attitude. 
B)  capacity or ability. 
C)  emotion or feeling. 
D)  whole, form or pattern. 
A)  belief or attitude. 
B)  capacity or ability. 
C)  emotion or feeling. 
D)  whole, form or pattern.

Question 14

Sandi believes that people who eat at McDonald's are overweight, so she decides to do a naturalistic observation of people who eat at McDonald's. What should most concern us about Sandi's observations?

Accepted Answer

A)  the observer effect 
B)  the bystander effect 
C)  observer bias 
D)  subject bias 
A)  the observer effect 
B)  the bystander effect 
C)  observer bias 
D)  subject bias

Question 15

The major advantage of naturalistic observation is the opportunity to study behavior in a controlled lab setting.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which of the following is a common ethical guideline suggested by the American Psychological Association?

Accepted Answer

A)  Participants do not have to be debriefed about the true nature and intent of the research in which they have participated. 
B)  Participants cannot be deceived about aspects of the research. 
C)  Participants cannot be subjected to any physically or emotionally painful stimuli. 
D)  Deception must be justified. 
A)  Participants do not have to be debriefed about the true nature and intent of the research in which they have participated. 
B)  Participants cannot be deceived about aspects of the research. 
C)  Participants cannot be subjected to any physically or emotionally painful stimuli. 
D)  Deception must be justified.

Question 17

You are mostly a product of your environment. Parents, teachers, friends and experiences in life all operate to shape your behaviors and determine who you become. This summarizes the __________ perspective in psychology.

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral 
B)  biological 
C)  evolutionary 
D)  psychoanalytic 
A)  behavioral 
B)  biological 
C)  evolutionary 
D)  psychoanalytic

Question 18

A negative correlation means that high values of one variable are associated with low values of the other.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

What is neuroscience?

Accepted Answer

Neuroscience is the scientific study of

Question 20

____________ is generally considered to be the "father of psychology."

Accepted Answer

A)  Max Wertheimer 
B)  William James 
C)  Wilhelm Wundt 
D)  Sigmund Freud 
A)  Max Wertheimer 
B)  William James 
C)  Wilhelm Wundt 
D)  Sigmund Freud

In Alan Lang's experiment, aggression was defined as the intensity and duration of shocks given the accomplice. These measures represented the __________ variable.

The question "How can it be changed?" refers to which of the following goals in psychology?

All of the following are accurate statements regarding random assignment EXCEPT __________

Who was an early proponent of functionalism?

The placebo effect means __________

A researcher stops people at the mall and asks them questions about their attitudes toward gun control. Which research technique is being used?

The research method that is used to explore cause-and-effect relationships between variables is __________

Observing behavior as it happens in real-life natural settings without imposing laboratory controls is known as the __________

A correlation coefficient shows that smoking and life expectancy are indeed related. As a result, a researcher could predict _____________ if the direction of the relationship is known.

In experiments, random assignment is used to avoid __________

The social desirability response is seen when participants __________

The German word Gestalt roughly means __________

Sandi believes that people who eat at McDonald's are overweight, so she decides to do a naturalistic observation of people who eat at McDonald's. What should most concern us about Sandi's observations?

The major advantage of naturalistic observation is the opportunity to study behavior in a controlled lab setting.

Which of the following is a common ethical guideline suggested by the American Psychological Association?

You are mostly a product of your environment. Parents, teachers, friends and experiences in life all operate to shape your behaviors and determine who you become. This summarizes the __________ perspective in psychology.

A negative correlation means that high values of one variable are associated with low values of the other.

What is neuroscience?

____________ is generally considered to be the "father of psychology."

Biology and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Cognition, Language, and Intelligence

Child Development

Adolescence and Adulthood

Motivation and Emotion

Human Sexuality and Gender

Health and Stress

Personality Theory and Assessment

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Social Psychology

Filters

Exam 1: Introduction to Psychology

In Alan Lang's experiment, aggression was defined as the intensity and duration of shocks given the accomplice. These measures represented the __________ variable.

The question "How can it be changed?" refers to which of the following goals in psychology?

All of the following are accurate statements regarding random assignment EXCEPT __________

Who was an early proponent of functionalism?

The placebo effect means __________

A researcher stops people at the mall and asks them questions about their attitudes toward gun control. Which research technique is being used?

The research method that is used to explore cause-and-effect relationships between variables is __________

Observing behavior as it happens in real-life natural settings without imposing laboratory controls is known as the __________

A correlation coefficient shows that smoking and life expectancy are indeed related. As a result, a researcher could predict _____________ if the direction of the relationship is known.

In experiments, random assignment is used to avoid __________

The social desirability response is seen when participants __________

The German word Gestalt roughly means __________

Sandi believes that people who eat at McDonald's are overweight, so she decides to do a naturalistic observation of people who eat at McDonald's. What should most concern us about Sandi's observations?

The major advantage of naturalistic observation is the opportunity to study behavior in a controlled lab setting.

Which of the following is a common ethical guideline suggested by the American Psychological Association?

You are mostly a product of your environment. Parents, teachers, friends and experiences in life all operate to shape your behaviors and determine who you become. This summarizes the __________ perspective in psychology.

A negative correlation means that high values of one variable are associated with low values of the other.

What is neuroscience?

____________ is generally considered to be the "father of psychology."

Biology and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Cognition, Language, and Intelligence

Child Development

Adolescence and Adulthood

Motivation and Emotion

Human Sexuality and Gender

Health and Stress

Personality Theory and Assessment

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Social Psychology

Filters