Exam 5: Learning

Every time Maricella goes to work in the morning, she notices that her dog sulks in the corner of the room and looks very sad. Over several weeks, she notices that the dog gets unhappy when she picks up her car keys, immediately before leaving the house. Which phenomenon of learning best describes the dog's behavior?

Free

(Multiple Choice)

4.8/5

(29)

Question 1

Correct Answer:

Verified

A Congressional hearing is taking place in Washington, DC. The representatives are discussing whether the portrayals of violence on children's TV shows are perhaps contributing to the violence we see in schools today. The work of what psychologist is most relevant to their discussions?

Free

(Multiple Choice)

4.7/5

(34)

Question 2

Correct Answer:

Verified

Give an example of each of the four schedules of partial reinforcement, and comment on which schedule would be most likely to result in lasting behavioral change.

Free

(Essay)

4.8/5

(30)

Question 3

Correct Answer:

Answered by Examlex AI Copilot

The four schedules of partial reinforcement are fixed-ratio, variable-ratio, fixed-interval, and variable-interval.

An example of fixed-ratio reinforcement is a salesperson receiving a bonus for every 10 products sold.

An example of variable-ratio reinforcement is a slot machine paying out after an unpredictable number of pulls.

An example of fixed-interval reinforcement is a student receiving a grade for a test at the end of every month.

An example of variable-interval reinforcement is a manager checking in on employees at random times throughout the day.

The schedule most likely to result in lasting behavioral change is the variable-ratio schedule. This is because it is the most resistant to extinction, meaning the behavior is more likely to continue even if the reinforcement is removed. The unpredictability of the reinforcement keeps the individual engaged and motivated to continue the behavior.

Ivan Pavlov purposefully set out to study learning in dogs when he discovered what is now called classical conditioning.

(True/False)

4.8/5

(33)

Question 4

In operant conditioning, learning occurs when a behavior is modified by the consequences that follow the behavior.

(True/False)

4.9/5

(32)

Question 5

In the study done by John Watson and Rosalie Rayner the unconditioned stimulus was__________

(Multiple Choice)

4.8/5

(37)

Question 6

Explain the concept of conditioned taste aversions and how it might be applied to people undergoing chemotherapy or radiation treatments for cancer.

(Essay)

4.9/5

(25)

Question 7

Which of the following is most often confused?

(Multiple Choice)

4.8/5

(39)

Question 8

The fact that apes are just as afraid of snakes as humans suggests a biological predisposition to develop fearful responses.

(True/False)

4.8/5

(37)

Question 9

In Pavlov's original experiment, dogs heard a tone and then had meat powder placed in their mouths, which caused them to salivate. After many pairings of the tone and meat powder, they would salivate when the tone was presented alone. In this case salivating to the tone is an example of __________

(Multiple Choice)

4.9/5

(22)

Question 10

Bethany wants to play baseball like her older brothers. Bethany watches them play for hours and is gradually learning how to play by studying what they do. This could be called __________

(Multiple Choice)

4.9/5

(33)

Question 11

Edward Thorndike's law of effect formed the conceptual structure of __________

(Multiple Choice)

4.9/5

(43)

Question 12

Although Ivan Pavlov introduced the concept of classical conditioning, __________ is largely responsible for changing how psychologists view classical conditioning.

(Multiple Choice)

4.9/5

(32)

Question 13

Sarah has learned to ignore her parents the first few times they tell her that it's bedtime. James has learned to respond to his parents the first time they mention bedtime. Both sets of parents punish their children for disobedience, but James parents tend to punish much more quickly than do Sarah's parents. The difference between Sarah's and James' responses to their parents is probably due to __________

(Multiple Choice)

4.8/5

(35)

Question 14

When Pavlov observed that his dogs would salivate at the sound of rattling food dishes, he called these learned involuntary responses__________

(Multiple Choice)

4.8/5

(39)

Question 15

In what ways might higher-order conditioning explain why some words trigger emotional responses in us? (a) Give an example of a positive response that could be formed through higher-order conditioning. (b) Give an example of a negative response that could be formed through higher-order conditioning. (c) In what ways might higher-order conditioning contribute to racism and prejudice?

(Essay)

4.8/5

(38)

Question 16

Pouncer, a hunting dog, gets excited at any opportunity to go hunting. Pouncer's handlers always wear bright orange clothes while hunting for safety reasons. However, they have noticed recently that a red sweatshirt that one of them wears often makes Pouncer get excited and bark. Pouncer's actions are likely a result of __________

(Multiple Choice)

4.7/5

(31)

Question 17

In Pavlov's original experiment of classical conditioning, dogs learned to salivate at the sound of a bell when the bell was repeatedly paired with the presentation of food. The food is referred to as the unconditioned response.

(True/False)

4.9/5

(33)

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a cognitive process?

(Multiple Choice)

4.8/5

(31)

Question 19

The mental representation of the layout of a college campus represents __________

(Multiple Choice)

4.8/5

(31)

Question 20

Showing 1 - 20 of 273

A Congressional hearing is taking place in Washington, DC. The representatives are discussing whether the portrayals of violence on children's TV shows are perhaps contributing to the violence we see in schools today. The work of what psychologist is most relevant to their discussions?

Give an example of each of the four schedules of partial reinforcement, and comment on which schedule would be most likely to result in lasting behavioral change.

Ivan Pavlov purposefully set out to study learning in dogs when he discovered what is now called classical conditioning.

In operant conditioning, learning occurs when a behavior is modified by the consequences that follow the behavior.

In the study done by John Watson and Rosalie Rayner the unconditioned stimulus was__________

Explain the concept of conditioned taste aversions and how it might be applied to people undergoing chemotherapy or radiation treatments for cancer.

Which of the following is most often confused?

The fact that apes are just as afraid of snakes as humans suggests a biological predisposition to develop fearful responses.

In Pavlov's original experiment, dogs heard a tone and then had meat powder placed in their mouths, which caused them to salivate. After many pairings of the tone and meat powder, they would salivate when the tone was presented alone. In this case salivating to the tone is an example of __________

Bethany wants to play baseball like her older brothers. Bethany watches them play for hours and is gradually learning how to play by studying what they do. This could be called __________

Edward Thorndike's law of effect formed the conceptual structure of __________

Although Ivan Pavlov introduced the concept of classical conditioning, __________ is largely responsible for changing how psychologists view classical conditioning.

When Pavlov observed that his dogs would salivate at the sound of rattling food dishes, he called these learned involuntary responses__________

In Pavlov's original experiment of classical conditioning, dogs learned to salivate at the sound of a bell when the bell was repeatedly paired with the presentation of food. The food is referred to as the unconditioned response.

Which of the following is NOT a cognitive process?

The mental representation of the layout of a college campus represents __________

Introduction to Psychology

Biology and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Memory

Cognition, Language, and Intelligence

Child Development

Adolescence and Adulthood

Motivation and Emotion

Human Sexuality and Gender

Health and Stress

Personality Theory and Assessment

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Social Psychology

Filters