Exam 9: B: Substance Use, Abuse, and Addiction

Over time,smoking behaviors become ______________ to a variety of environmental triggers.

Drugs,pollutants,and other substances that cross the placental barrier and damage the developing person are called:

According to the _______________ theory,the influence of friends is strong enough to overcome the influence of a young person's family,school,and other institutions in determining drug use.

The children of women who smoke during pregnancy may experience a reduced supply of oxygen to their brains,resulting in a condition called:

Quitting smoking is determined by three interacting factors.Which of the following is NOT one of these factors?

Korsakoff's syndrome is sometimes suffered by chronic,heavy users of alcohol and is characterized by:

The change in brain chemistry that offsets the effects of a psychoactive drug is called:

Alcohol consumption tends to:

All major drugs of abuse overstimulate the brain's ancient reward system that runs through the:

According to the incentive-sensitization theory of addiction,once drug use passes from the initial good feelings of first-stage use,repeated drug use occurs because drug-related cues:

Schachter found that stress _______________ the body's efficiency in using nicotine and _______________ smoking.

According to the _______________,drug use serves to restore abnormally low levels of key neurotransmitters.

The concordance rate for alcohol dependence among identical twins:

The need to take larger and larger doses of a drug in order to experience its effects is an indication of:

Both men and women who drank alcohol:

When she drinks alcohol,Eboni experiences a false sense of confidence and freedom from social constraints,which is called:

Withdrawal refers to:

Regarding the health hazards of exposure to secondhand smoke,most experts agree that:

Agonist is to antagonist as _______________ is to _______________.

Drug abuse is defined as: