Question 1

In the scattering of fast alpha particles by a thin foil of gold, Rutherford and his collaborators observed

Accepted Answer

A)  alpha particles interacting with nuclei to produce beta rays and alpha particles moving equally in all directions. 
B)  cathode rays emerging from the foil. 
C)  most of the alpha particles bouncing straight back with very few passing through the foil undisturbed. 
D)  a very few alpha particles scattered through large angles with most undergoing very little scattering. 
A)  alpha particles interacting with nuclei to produce beta rays and alpha particles moving equally in all directions. 
B)  cathode rays emerging from the foil. 
C)  most of the alpha particles bouncing straight back with very few passing through the foil undisturbed. 
D)  a very few alpha particles scattered through large angles with most undergoing very little scattering.

Question 2

If h = Planck's constant, the de Broglie wavelength of a particle of linear momentum p and kinetic energy KE is given by the following formula:

Accepted Answer

A)  h/KE 
B)  h.p 
C)  KE/h 
D)  h/p 
E)  p/h 
A)  h/KE 
B)  h.p 
C)  KE/h 
D)  h/p 
E)  p/h

Question 3

The Bohr theory of the atom made the following BOLD assumption:

Accepted Answer

A)  Electrons in certain orbits do not radiate electromagnetic waves despite being centripetally accelerated. 
B)  All atoms contain "special" electrons that do not radiate their energy. 
C)  The electrons in some orbits are paired so as to become stable. 
D)  The stable orbits are maximally occupied with electrons. 
A)  Electrons in certain orbits do not radiate electromagnetic waves despite being centripetally accelerated. 
B)  All atoms contain "special" electrons that do not radiate their energy. 
C)  The electrons in some orbits are paired so as to become stable. 
D)  The stable orbits are maximally occupied with electrons.

Question 4

A chemical reaction is one in which

Accepted Answer

A)  atoms get rearranged. 
B)  a substance gets hot. 
C)  atomic nuclei change form. 
D)  atoms change mass. 
A)  atoms get rearranged. 
B)  a substance gets hot. 
C)  atomic nuclei change form. 
D)  atoms change mass.

Question 5

A true statement about atoms is that they

Accepted Answer

A)  can emit radiation at frequencies only within the visible spectrum. 
B)  can emit radiation only at specific frequencies. 
C)  all have the same number of electrons. 
D)  can emit radiation at any frequency. 
A)  can emit radiation at frequencies only within the visible spectrum. 
B)  can emit radiation only at specific frequencies. 
C)  all have the same number of electrons. 
D)  can emit radiation at any frequency.

Question 6

The systematic arrangement of all known elements is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  the angular momentum chart. 
B)  the periodic table of elements. 
C)  the chemical dictionary of Arrhenius. 
D)  the metric conductance/reflectance table. 
A)  the angular momentum chart. 
B)  the periodic table of elements. 
C)  the chemical dictionary of Arrhenius. 
D)  the metric conductance/reflectance table.

Question 7

The helium atom has one more electron than hydrogen. The chemical properties differ because helium

Accepted Answer

A)  and hydrogen are equally reactive since chemical bonding has nothing to do with the number of electrons. 
B)  is more reactive, since it has two electrons that can form chemical bonds. 
C)  is much less reactive, since its two electrons form a stable closed shell. 
D)  has neutrons in the nucleus. 
A)  and hydrogen are equally reactive since chemical bonding has nothing to do with the number of electrons. 
B)  is more reactive, since it has two electrons that can form chemical bonds. 
C)  is much less reactive, since its two electrons form a stable closed shell. 
D)  has neutrons in the nucleus.

Question 8

What is "uncertain" in the Heisenberg Uncertainty principle?

Accepted Answer

A)  The time period of the wave describing the particle. 
B)  The value of the Planck's constant. 
C)  The energy of the particle when it has wave properties. 
D)  The value of the particle's position when the particle's momentum is known precisely. 
E)  The exact number of protons in the nucleus. 
A)  The time period of the wave describing the particle. 
B)  The value of the Planck's constant. 
C)  The energy of the particle when it has wave properties. 
D)  The value of the particle's position when the particle's momentum is known precisely. 
E)  The exact number of protons in the nucleus.

Question 9

One of the fundamental ideas in the development of quantum mechanics was that

Accepted Answer

A)  electrons and protons are the only particles 
B)  no two particles can have the same energy. 
C)  all particles have wave properties. 
D)  all particles are formed by the interaction of electromagnetic waves. with mass. 
A)  electrons and protons are the only particles 
B)  no two particles can have the same energy. 
C)  all particles have wave properties. 
D)  all particles are formed by the interaction of electromagnetic waves. with mass.

Question 10

If 42 g of nitrogen reacts completely with 9 g of hydrogen (atomic mass 1) to form ammonia (NH3), the atomic mass of nitrogen must be

Accepted Answer

A)  55. 
B)  3. 
C)  49. 
D)  52. 
E)  14. 
A)  55. 
B)  3. 
C)  49. 
D)  52. 
E)  14.

Question 11

Strong x-ray beams can be produced when

Accepted Answer

A)  gamma rays move through a magnetic field. 
B)  alpha rays pass through a thin metal foil. 
C)  beta rays are absorbed by bones. 
D)  cathode rays strike a metal anode. 
A)  gamma rays move through a magnetic field. 
B)  alpha rays pass through a thin metal foil. 
C)  beta rays are absorbed by bones. 
D)  cathode rays strike a metal anode.

Question 12

Which of the following individuals did not directly contribute to quantum theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Heisenberg 
B)  Roentgen 
C)  Schrödinger 
D)  Planck 
E)  Einstein 
A)  Heisenberg 
B)  Roentgen 
C)  Schrödinger 
D)  Planck 
E)  Einstein

Question 13

The transition in atomic hydrogen that gives the longest wavelength in the visible spectrum is

Accepted Answer

A)  n = 4 to n = 1. 
B)  n = 3 to n = 1. 
C)  n = 2 to n = 1. 
D)  n = 4 to n = 2. 
E)  n = 3 to n = 2. 
A)  n = 4 to n = 1. 
B)  n = 3 to n = 1. 
C)  n = 2 to n = 1. 
D)  n = 4 to n = 2. 
E)  n = 3 to n = 2.

Question 14

A pencil has

Accepted Answer

A)  no electric charges in it. 
B)  no nuclei in it. 
C)  electrons that are not attracted to nuclei. 
D)  enough positive charge in the nuclei to balance the negative charge of the electrons. 
A)  no electric charges in it. 
B)  no nuclei in it. 
C)  electrons that are not attracted to nuclei. 
D)  enough positive charge in the nuclei to balance the negative charge of the electrons.

Question 15

One of the patterns that shows up nicely in the periodic table is that similar chemical properties

Accepted Answer

A)  correlate to the mass of each element on a row. 
B)  make great batteries, if you choose a metal from two separate rows. 
C)  exist on each diagonal, starting with hydrogen, then lithium, and so forth. 
D)  are displayed by elements in the same column. 
A)  correlate to the mass of each element on a row. 
B)  make great batteries, if you choose a metal from two separate rows. 
C)  exist on each diagonal, starting with hydrogen, then lithium, and so forth. 
D)  are displayed by elements in the same column.

Question 16

In the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom the non-radiating orbits are determined by quantizing the _______________ (physical quantity).

Accepted Answer

angular mo

Question 17

Cathode rays produced in a gas discharge tube are

Accepted Answer

A)  Gamma rays. 
B)  Protons. 
C)  X-rays. 
D)  Electrons. 
E)  Alpha particles. 
A)  Gamma rays. 
B)  Protons. 
C)  X-rays. 
D)  Electrons. 
E)  Alpha particles.

Question 18

Quantum mechanics has accurately described the regularities of the periodic table by assigning "quantum" numbers to predict the allowed energy levels. The true statement about quantum numbers is that

Accepted Answer

A)  they describe the position and charge of the electrons in the atoms. 
B)  no electrons in the world can ever have the same set of quantum numbers. 
C)  there are never more than 8 different sets of quantum numbers in an atom. 
D)  no two electrons in the same atom can have the same set of quantum numbers. 
A)  they describe the position and charge of the electrons in the atoms. 
B)  no electrons in the world can ever have the same set of quantum numbers. 
C)  there are never more than 8 different sets of quantum numbers in an atom. 
D)  no two electrons in the same atom can have the same set of quantum numbers.

Question 19

The Bohr condition for determining the stable orbits in hydrogen can be explained in terms of ___________________ for the electron (two words).

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Bohr condition for determining the stable...

Question 20

Dalton developed _________ as one of the foundations for the atomic theory.

Accepted Answer

A)  the law of supply and demand 
B)  the Principle of Equivalence 
C)  the Law of Definite Proportions 
D)  Mach's Principle 
E)  the index of refraction 
A)  the law of supply and demand 
B)  the Principle of Equivalence 
C)  the Law of Definite Proportions 
D)  Mach's Principle 
E)  the index of refraction

Exam 18: The Structure of the Atom

In the scattering of fast alpha particles by a thin foil of gold, Rutherford and his collaborators observed

If h = Planck's constant, the de Broglie wavelength of a particle of linear momentum p and kinetic energy KE is given by the following formula:

The Bohr theory of the atom made the following BOLD assumption:

A chemical reaction is one in which

A true statement about atoms is that they

The systematic arrangement of all known elements is known as

The helium atom has one more electron than hydrogen. The chemical properties differ because helium

What is "uncertain" in the Heisenberg Uncertainty principle?

One of the fundamental ideas in the development of quantum mechanics was that

If 42 g of nitrogen reacts completely with 9 g of hydrogen (atomic mass 1) to form ammonia (NH3), the atomic mass of nitrogen must be

Strong x-ray beams can be produced when

Which of the following individuals did not directly contribute to quantum theory?

The transition in atomic hydrogen that gives the longest wavelength in the visible spectrum is

A pencil has

One of the patterns that shows up nicely in the periodic table is that similar chemical properties

In the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom the non-radiating orbits are determined by quantizing the _______________ (physical quantity).

Cathode rays produced in a gas discharge tube are

Quantum mechanics has accurately described the regularities of the periodic table by assigning "quantum" numbers to predict the allowed energy levels. The true statement about quantum numbers is that

The Bohr condition for determining the stable orbits in hydrogen can be explained in terms of ___________________ for the electron (two words).

Dalton developed _________ as one of the foundations for the atomic theory.

Physics, the Fundamental Science

Describing Motion

Falling Objects and Projectile Motion

Newtons Laws: Explaining Motion

Circular Motion, the Planets, and Gravity

Energy and Oscillations

Momentum and Impulse

Rotational Motion of Solid Objects

The Behavior of Fluids

Temperature and Heat

Heat Engines and the Second Law of Thermodynamics

Electrostatic Phenomena

Electric Circuits

Magnets and Electromagnetism

Making Waves

Light Waves and Color

Light and Image Formation

The Nucleus and Nuclear Energy

Relativity

Beyond Everyday Phenomena

Filters

If 42 g of nitrogen reacts completely with 9 g of hydrogen (atomic mass 1) to form ammonia (NH₃), the atomic mass of nitrogen must be