Question 1

When a proximal tubular cell is transporting across its membrane the greatest possible amount of a substance,the cell has reached its

Accepted Answer

A)  osmotic gradient. 
B)  electromagnetic gradient. 
C)  tubular transport maximum. 
D)  optimal tubular secretion. 
A)  osmotic gradient. 
B)  electromagnetic gradient. 
C)  tubular transport maximum. 
D)  optimal tubular secretion. C

Question 2

At what site do sodium and bicarbonate reabsorb in the newborn?

Accepted Answer

A)  The glomerulus 
B)  The proximal tubule 
C)  The distal tubule 
D)  The collecting duct 
A)  The glomerulus 
B)  The proximal tubule 
C)  The distal tubule 
D)  The collecting duct C

Question 3

The glomerular filtration rate of an adult is approximately

Accepted Answer

A)  60 mL/min. 
B)  80 mL/min. 
C)  100 mL/min. 
D)  125 mL/min. 
A)  60 mL/min. 
B)  80 mL/min. 
C)  100 mL/min. 
D)  125 mL/min. D

Question 4

In which part of the nephron does a majority of the substances secreted also get reabsorbed?

Accepted Answer

A)  Proximal tubule 
B)  Loop of Henle 
C)  Distal tubule 
D)  Collecting duct 
A)  Proximal tubule 
B)  Loop of Henle 
C)  Distal tubule 
D)  Collecting duct

Question 5

The nurse recalls that in which portion of the nephron does "free water" production occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Proximal tubule 
B)  Descending loop of Henle 
C)  Ascending loop of Henle 
D)  Distal tubule 
A)  Proximal tubule 
B)  Descending loop of Henle 
C)  Ascending loop of Henle 
D)  Distal tubule

Question 6

Tubular reabsorption refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  active transport of ions into the extracellular fluid. 
B)  the passage of plasma proteins into the glomerular fluid. 
C)  the reabsorption of weak acids and bases by diffusion. 
D)  active diffusion of sodium and potassium into epithelium. 
A)  active transport of ions into the extracellular fluid. 
B)  the passage of plasma proteins into the glomerular fluid. 
C)  the reabsorption of weak acids and bases by diffusion. 
D)  active diffusion of sodium and potassium into epithelium.

Question 7

Which portion of the loop of Henle not responsive to hormones?

Accepted Answer

A)  The proximal portion 
B)  The ascending limb 
C)  The descending limb 
D)  The collecting duct 
A)  The proximal portion 
B)  The ascending limb 
C)  The descending limb 
D)  The collecting duct

Question 8

Blood flow to the adult kidney is approximately

Accepted Answer

A)  5% to 10% of cardiac output. 
B)  10% to 15% of cardiac output. 
C)  20% to 25% of cardiac output. 
D)  30% to 35% of cardiac output. 
A)  5% to 10% of cardiac output. 
B)  10% to 15% of cardiac output. 
C)  20% to 25% of cardiac output. 
D)  30% to 35% of cardiac output.

Question 9

A majority of the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed in the

Accepted Answer

A)  loop of Henle. 
B)  proximal tubule. 
C)  distal tubule. 
D)  descending tubule. 
A)  loop of Henle. 
B)  proximal tubule. 
C)  distal tubule. 
D)  descending tubule.

Question 10

Which of the following is a popular screening test for a variety of conditions because it can be tested with dipsticks?

Accepted Answer

A)  Creatinine clearance 
B)  Serum creatinine 
C)  Blood urea nitrogen 
D)  Urinalysis 
A)  Creatinine clearance 
B)  Serum creatinine 
C)  Blood urea nitrogen 
D)  Urinalysis

Question 11

The nurse would need to obtain a 24-hour urine specimen to complete which of the following renal studies?

Accepted Answer

A)  Creatinine clearance 
B)  Serum creatinine 
C)  Blood urea nitrogen 
D)  Urinalysis 
A)  Creatinine clearance 
B)  Serum creatinine 
C)  Blood urea nitrogen 
D)  Urinalysis

Question 12

The hormone aldosterone exerts its effect primarily in which of the following segments of the nephron?

Accepted Answer

A)  Proximal tubule 
B)  Descending loop of Henle 
C)  Ascending loop of Henle 
D)  Distal tubule 
A)  Proximal tubule 
B)  Descending loop of Henle 
C)  Ascending loop of Henle 
D)  Distal tubule

Question 13

The urine of a client with diabetes mellitus does not have glucose spilling into the urine.The nurse understands that this is occurring because the blood or serum glucose level has not exceeded the

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerular filtration rate. 
B)  threshold concentration. 
C)  tubular transport maximum. 
D)  optimal tubular secretion. 
A)  glomerular filtration rate. 
B)  threshold concentration. 
C)  tubular transport maximum. 
D)  optimal tubular secretion.

Question 14

In which part of the nephron is the majority of water passively taken up to equilibrate medullary interstitial osmolality?

Accepted Answer

A)  Proximal tubule 
B)  Descending loop of Henle 
C)  Ascending loop of Henle 
D)  Distal tubule 
A)  Proximal tubule 
B)  Descending loop of Henle 
C)  Ascending loop of Henle 
D)  Distal tubule

Question 15

The nurse is working with a client who is dehydrated.The nurse expects to see an increase in the results of which renal laboratory test?

Accepted Answer

A)  Creatinine clearance 
B)  Serum creatinine 
C)  Blood urea nitrogen 
D)  Urine culture and sensitivity 
A)  Creatinine clearance 
B)  Serum creatinine 
C)  Blood urea nitrogen 
D)  Urine culture and sensitivity

Question 16

The nurse can expect an average adult client to feel the urge to avoid when approximately how many milliliters of urine collect in the bladder?

Accepted Answer

A)  150 
B)  250 
C)  400 
D)  600 
A)  150 
B)  250 
C)  400 
D)  600

Question 17

The nurse would review the results of which of the following laboratory studies as an inexpensive reliable indicator of glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Creatinine clearance 
B)  Serum creatinine 
C)  Blood urea nitrogen 
D)  Urinalysis 
A)  Creatinine clearance 
B)  Serum creatinine 
C)  Blood urea nitrogen 
D)  Urinalysis

Question 18

The nurse expects to see which of the following outcomes in a client because of increased secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased urine output,increased urine concentration 
B)  Increased urine output,decreased urine concentration 
C)  Decreased urine output,increased urine concentration 
D)  Decreased urine output,decreased urine concentration 
A)  Increased urine output,increased urine concentration 
B)  Increased urine output,decreased urine concentration 
C)  Decreased urine output,increased urine concentration 
D)  Decreased urine output,decreased urine concentration

Exam 32: Overview of the Urinary System

When a proximal tubular cell is transporting across its membrane the greatest possible amount of a substance,the cell has reached its

At what site do sodium and bicarbonate reabsorb in the newborn?

The glomerular filtration rate of an adult is approximately

In which part of the nephron does a majority of the substances secreted also get reabsorbed?

The nurse recalls that in which portion of the nephron does "free water" production occur?

Tubular reabsorption refers to

Which portion of the loop of Henle not responsive to hormones?

Blood flow to the adult kidney is approximately

A majority of the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed in the

Which of the following is a popular screening test for a variety of conditions because it can be tested with dipsticks?

The nurse would need to obtain a 24-hour urine specimen to complete which of the following renal studies?

The hormone aldosterone exerts its effect primarily in which of the following segments of the nephron?

The urine of a client with diabetes mellitus does not have glucose spilling into the urine.The nurse understands that this is occurring because the blood or serum glucose level has not exceeded the

In which part of the nephron is the majority of water passively taken up to equilibrate medullary interstitial osmolality?

The nurse is working with a client who is dehydrated.The nurse expects to see an increase in the results of which renal laboratory test?

The nurse can expect an average adult client to feel the urge to avoid when approximately how many milliliters of urine collect in the bladder?

The nurse would review the results of which of the following laboratory studies as an inexpensive reliable indicator of glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?

The nurse expects to see which of the following outcomes in a client because of increased secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

Orientation to Pharmacology

Legal and Ethical Aspects of Medication Administration

Principles of Drug Action

Medication Errors

The Nursing Process and Pharmacology

Biocultural Aspects of Drug Therapy

Maternal and Child Drug Therapy

Drug Therapy for Older Adults

Substance Misuse and Abuse

Client Education for Self-Administration of Medication

Over-The-Counter Medications

Complementary and Alternative Pharmacology

Overview of the Central Nervous System

Analgesics

Anesthetics

Antianxiety,sedative,and Hypnotic Drugs

Antiepileptic Drugs

Central Nervous System Stimulants

Psychotherapeutic Drugs

Overview of the Autonomic Nervous System

Drugs Affecting the Parasympathetic Nervous System and the Neurotransmitter Acetylcholine

Drugs Affecting the Sympathetic Adrenergicnervous System

Drugs for Specific Dysfunctions of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems

Overview of the Cardiovascular System

Agents Used in the Treatment of Heart Failure

Antidysrhythmics

Antihypertensives

Vasodilators and Blood Viscosityreducing Agents

Overview of the Blood

Antiplatelets,anticoagulants,fibrinolytics,and Blood Components

Antihyperlipidemic Drugs

Diuretics

Uricosuric Drugs

Drug Therapy for Renal System Dysfunction

Overview of the Respiratory System

Bronchodilator,antiasthmatic,and Mucolytic Drugs

Oxygen and Miscellaneous Respiratory Agents

Overview of the Gastrointestinal Tract

Drugs Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract

Overview of the Eye

Ophthalmic Drugs

Overview of the Ear

Drugs Affecting the Ear

Overview of the Endocrine System

Drugs Affecting the Pituitary

Drugs Affecting the Parathyroid and Thyroid Glands

Drugs Affecting the Adrenal Cortex

Drugs Affecting Conditions of the Pancreas

Overview of the Female and Male Reproductive Systems

Drugs Affecting Womens Health and the Female Reproductive System

Drugs for Labor and Delivery

Drugs Affecting the Male Reproductive System

Drugs Affecting Sexual Behavior

Principles of Antineoplastic Chemotherapy

Antineoplastic Chemotherapy Agents

Overview of Infections, inflammation, and Fever

Antibacterials

Antifungal and Antiviral Drugs

Other Antimicrobial Drugs and Antiparasitic Drugs

Overview of the Immunologic System

Serums, vaccines, and Other Immunizing Agents