Question 1

Which of the following is the best example of a primary deviant?

Accepted Answer

A)  a member of an outlaw motorcycle gang 
B)  a person who lives off the avails of others (e.g.,a pimp) 
C)  a young person who shoplifted when dared to do so by friends 
D)  an adult who has been working as a prostitute since the age of 12 
A)  a member of an outlaw motorcycle gang 
B)  a person who lives off the avails of others (e.g.,a pimp) 
C)  a young person who shoplifted when dared to do so by friends 
D)  an adult who has been working as a prostitute since the age of 12 C

Question 2

What two areas of interactionist theories can be seen in the context of socialization into crime?

Accepted Answer

A)  the process of differential association and acquisition of a criminal identity 
B)  the process of differential association and acquisition of a social control identity 
C)  the process of differential association and psycho-analytical theories of crime 
D)  the acquisition of a social control identity and group conflict theory 
A)  the process of differential association and acquisition of a criminal identity 
B)  the process of differential association and acquisition of a social control identity 
C)  the process of differential association and psycho-analytical theories of crime 
D)  the acquisition of a social control identity and group conflict theory A

Question 3

An individual commits delinquent acts but does not adopt a self-identity as a deviant.Which of the following is this an example of?

Accepted Answer

A)  secondary deviation 
B)  primary deviation 
C)  drift 
D)  adolescent-limited deviance 
A)  secondary deviation 
B)  primary deviation 
C)  drift 
D)  adolescent-limited deviance B

Question 4

What are the "two sides" of the criminal identity that solidify it in place?

Accepted Answer

A)  The view of the police and the view of the courts. 
B)  The view of self by the individual and the perception of the community. 
C)  The perception of the defence and that of the prosecution. 
D)  The perception of the individual and that of the victim(s). 
A)  The view of the police and the view of the courts. 
B)  The view of self by the individual and the perception of the community. 
C)  The perception of the defence and that of the prosecution. 
D)  The perception of the individual and that of the victim(s).

Question 5

Maintaining a deviant master status leads to moving away from like-minded others and creating individualized values,attitudes,and behaviours.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following is a critique of interactionist theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  It fails to connect crime and other forms of deviance to temperament. 
B)  It fails to indicate how people make sense of deviant inclinations. 
C)  It fails to account for trends in place and time. 
D)  It examines only labelled deviants (those officially identified as having deviated). 
A)  It fails to connect crime and other forms of deviance to temperament. 
B)  It fails to indicate how people make sense of deviant inclinations. 
C)  It fails to account for trends in place and time. 
D)  It examines only labelled deviants (those officially identified as having deviated).

Question 7

Interactionist theories of deviance focus overwhelmingly on how the techniques of how crimes are committed in a particular time and place.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following is a focus of the interactionist approach to criminality?

Accepted Answer

A)  the establishment of a power structure 
B)  the application of moral rules through labelling 
C)  how the mode of production in a society produces moral entrepreneurs 
D)  the impact of socioeconomic status on crime rates 
A)  the establishment of a power structure 
B)  the application of moral rules through labelling 
C)  how the mode of production in a society produces moral entrepreneurs 
D)  the impact of socioeconomic status on crime rates

Question 9

Which of the following examples best represent the main difference between primary and secondary deviance,as conceptualized by Lemert?

Accepted Answer

A)  the head of an outlaw motorcycle gang versus a lower-ranking member 
B)  the single mother who occasionally shoplifts versus a drug addict who once robbed a bank with a gun 
C)  the youth who stole a chocolate bar one time on a dare vs the young adult who breaks into garages and steals tools on weekends 
D)  the serial killer who suffers from schizophrenia versus the serial killer who suffers from psychopathy 
A)  the head of an outlaw motorcycle gang versus a lower-ranking member 
B)  the single mother who occasionally shoplifts versus a drug addict who once robbed a bank with a gun 
C)  the youth who stole a chocolate bar one time on a dare vs the young adult who breaks into garages and steals tools on weekends 
D)  the serial killer who suffers from schizophrenia versus the serial killer who suffers from psychopathy

Question 10

Which of the following is one of the reasons that labelling is not fair?

Accepted Answer

A)  Everyone engaged in criminal activity,no matter how serious the crime,has the deviant label applied to them. 
B)  Some have not involved in deviant behaviour,but are labelled as such. 
C)  The label lasts forever. 
D)  It is only applied to those engaged in "street-level" crime. 
A)  Everyone engaged in criminal activity,no matter how serious the crime,has the deviant label applied to them. 
B)  Some have not involved in deviant behaviour,but are labelled as such. 
C)  The label lasts forever. 
D)  It is only applied to those engaged in "street-level" crime.

Question 11

Career contingency refers to a criminal offender's awareness of the impossibility of choosing a noncriminal identity because of penalties in making the switch.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following is an agent of social control?

Accepted Answer

A)  police 
B)  parents 
C)  offenders 
D)  victims 
A)  police 
B)  parents 
C)  offenders 
D)  victims

Question 13

Secondary deviation occurs with little change in the individual's everyday routine or lifestyle.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Short notes that careers in youth crime are likely to be prolonged after certain turning points have been reached.Which of the following is one of the turning points discussed by Short in the textbook?

Accepted Answer

A)  late language development 
B)  the type of crime carried out by the offender 
C)  an early interest in drugs 
D)  early employment 
A)  late language development 
B)  the type of crime carried out by the offender 
C)  an early interest in drugs 
D)  early employment

Question 15

What is the term used to describe an offender's awareness of the impossibility of choosing a noncriminal identity because of penalties (societal reactions)in making the switch?

Accepted Answer

A)  career contingency 
B)  continuance commitment 
C)  self-enhancing commitment 
D)  self-degrading commitment 
A)  career contingency 
B)  continuance commitment 
C)  self-enhancing commitment 
D)  self-degrading commitment

Question 16

A sense of continuity,a perception of increasing opportunities,and an increased sophistication and possibly recognition by peers are all characteristics of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  deviant career 
B)  symbolic interactionism 
C)  secondary deviation 
D)  drift 
A)  deviant career 
B)  symbolic interactionism 
C)  secondary deviation 
D)  drift

Question 17

What is the term used when society considers someone's criminality as their defining characteristic?

Accepted Answer

A)  primary deviation 
B)  secondary deviation 
C)  master status 
D)  career contingency 
A)  primary deviation 
B)  secondary deviation 
C)  master status 
D)  career contingency

Question 18

Which of these criminological theories centres on the interchanges people have with one another and on the meanings of these interchanges in the past,present,and future?

Accepted Answer

A)  strain 
B)  interactionist 
C)  conflict 
D)  critical theory 
A)  strain 
B)  interactionist 
C)  conflict 
D)  critical theory

Question 19

According to Matza,which of the following best describes young American male offenders who smoke,drink,and are tough and who pursue the hedonistic pleasures of "real" men?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are attracted to subterranean traditions. 
B)  They are reacting against middle-class values. 
C)  They are following secondary deviance values. 
D)  They are a product of father-absent families. 
A)  They are attracted to subterranean traditions. 
B)  They are reacting against middle-class values. 
C)  They are following secondary deviance values. 
D)  They are a product of father-absent families.

Question 20

Which of the following statements best describes the drift towards delinquency?

Accepted Answer

A)  All individuals and groups experience a deviant drift at some point. 
B)  It always involves an entire subculture. 
C)  It is always a highly individualized process. 
D)  An individual or an entire peer group of youths may drift toward deviance. 
A)  All individuals and groups experience a deviant drift at some point. 
B)  It always involves an entire subculture. 
C)  It is always a highly individualized process. 
D)  An individual or an entire peer group of youths may drift toward deviance.

Which of the following is the best example of a primary deviant?

What two areas of interactionist theories can be seen in the context of socialization into crime?

An individual commits delinquent acts but does not adopt a self-identity as a deviant.Which of the following is this an example of?

What are the "two sides" of the criminal identity that solidify it in place?

Maintaining a deviant master status leads to moving away from like-minded others and creating individualized values,attitudes,and behaviours.

Which of the following is a critique of interactionist theory?

Interactionist theories of deviance focus overwhelmingly on how the techniques of how crimes are committed in a particular time and place.

Which of the following is a focus of the interactionist approach to criminality?

Which of the following examples best represent the main difference between primary and secondary deviance,as conceptualized by Lemert?

Which of the following is one of the reasons that labelling is not fair?

Career contingency refers to a criminal offender's awareness of the impossibility of choosing a noncriminal identity because of penalties in making the switch.

Which of the following is an agent of social control?

Secondary deviation occurs with little change in the individual's everyday routine or lifestyle.

Short notes that careers in youth crime are likely to be prolonged after certain turning points have been reached.Which of the following is one of the turning points discussed by Short in the textbook?

What is the term used to describe an offender's awareness of the impossibility of choosing a noncriminal identity because of penalties (societal reactions)in making the switch?

A sense of continuity,a perception of increasing opportunities,and an increased sophistication and possibly recognition by peers are all characteristics of which of the following?

What is the term used when society considers someone's criminality as their defining characteristic?

Which of these criminological theories centres on the interchanges people have with one another and on the meanings of these interchanges in the past,present,and future?

According to Matza,which of the following best describes young American male offenders who smoke,drink,and are tough and who pursue the hedonistic pleasures of "real" men?

Which of the following statements best describes the drift towards delinquency?

Crime,criminals,and Criminology

The Social Context of Dispute Settlement and the Rise of Law

Criminal Law

Counting Crime

Correlates of Criminal Behaviour

Feminism and Criminology

Victimology,victim Services,and Victim Rights in Canada

Early Theories of Criminology

Psychological Perspectives on Criminality

Strain Theories

Conflict Theories

Critical Criminology in Canada

Social Control Theory

Deterrence,routine Activity,and Rational Choice Theories

Organized Crime

Corporate and White-Collar Crime

Cybercrime and Cyberdeviance

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Exam 13: Interactionist Theories

Which of the following is the best example of a primary deviant?

What two areas of interactionist theories can be seen in the context of socialization into crime?

An individual commits delinquent acts but does not adopt a self-identity as a deviant.Which of the following is this an example of?

What are the "two sides" of the criminal identity that solidify it in place?

Maintaining a deviant master status leads to moving away from like-minded others and creating individualized values,attitudes,and behaviours.

Which of the following is a critique of interactionist theory?

Interactionist theories of deviance focus overwhelmingly on how the techniques of how crimes are committed in a particular time and place.

Which of the following is a focus of the interactionist approach to criminality?

Which of the following examples best represent the main difference between primary and secondary deviance,as conceptualized by Lemert?

Which of the following is one of the reasons that labelling is not fair?

Career contingency refers to a criminal offender's awareness of the impossibility of choosing a noncriminal identity because of penalties in making the switch.

Which of the following is an agent of social control?

Secondary deviation occurs with little change in the individual's everyday routine or lifestyle.

Short notes that careers in youth crime are likely to be prolonged after certain turning points have been reached.Which of the following is one of the turning points discussed by Short in the textbook?

What is the term used to describe an offender's awareness of the impossibility of choosing a noncriminal identity because of penalties (societal reactions)in making the switch?

A sense of continuity,a perception of increasing opportunities,and an increased sophistication and possibly recognition by peers are all characteristics of which of the following?

What is the term used when society considers someone's criminality as their defining characteristic?

Which of these criminological theories centres on the interchanges people have with one another and on the meanings of these interchanges in the past,present,and future?

According to Matza,which of the following best describes young American male offenders who smoke,drink,and are tough and who pursue the hedonistic pleasures of "real" men?

Which of the following statements best describes the drift towards delinquency?

Crime,criminals,and Criminology

The Social Context of Dispute Settlement and the Rise of Law

Criminal Law

Counting Crime

Correlates of Criminal Behaviour

Feminism and Criminology

Victimology,victim Services,and Victim Rights in Canada

Early Theories of Criminology

Psychological Perspectives on Criminality

Strain Theories

Conflict Theories

Critical Criminology in Canada

Social Control Theory

Deterrence,routine Activity,and Rational Choice Theories

Organized Crime

Corporate and White-Collar Crime

Cybercrime and Cyberdeviance

Filters