Exam 12: Aggression: Why Do We Hurt Other People Can We Prevent It

You are about to leave on vacation and your brother is driving you to the airport. Unfortunately, you get to the airport too late and you find out that your flight has already left. Under which of the following conditions are you most likely to feel aggressive toward your brother and want to scream at him?

According to the frustration-aggression theory, frustration-the perception that we are being prevented from reaching a goal-does not always lead to aggression. What factors increase the odds that frustrated people will aggress?

Research demonstrates that, when shown a model who responds to provocation in a restrained, pleasant manner, children

Males tend to be more violent in their teens and twenties than later in life. Based on evolutionary theory (as discussed by the authors of your text), why would this be true?

Teresa watches a lot of TV every day. Based on research presented in your text, how is Teresa most likely to view the world?

Researchers (Ohbuchi, Ohno, & Mukai, 1993) found that participants were less likely to administer shocks to another person when that person had previously disclosed something personal about him- or herself. According to the authors of your textbook, why is that?

The phenomenon of "road rage" has been given increasing attention by print and electronic media. Briefly, road rage involves retaliations against other drivers (e.g., shooting, running them off the road) that far exceed their offenses (e.g., driving too slowly, tailgating). You're designing next year's model cars, and have just read Chapter 12 (Aggression). What new design feature might you suggest?

Researchers conducted an experiment in which male participants were angered by a confederate. Angry participants then either recorded the confederate's errors or shocked him every time he made an error. Finally, all participants were given the opportunity to shock the confederate. These researchers found that contrary to ________, those participants who ________ later delivered stronger and more frequent shocks to the confederate.

Gary, a northern male who has a reputation for violence, has been drinking with his friends. Stan approaches Gary and insults his girlfriend. Gary and Stan get into a fistfight. Which of the following best explains why Gary and Stan began to fight? Research suggests that

Are school shootings such as the Columbine massacre simply the result of deranged individuals acting independently? What does social psychology suggest about why school shootings occur and about how the problem might be addressed?

Researchers studied crime statistics both before and after the Supreme Court reinstated the death penalty in 1976. These researchers found that the return to capital punishment

A teacher at a preschool tries to show some rowdy children how to "play nice." She shows them a doll hitting her, and her hugging the doll in response. The teacher's behavior is an example of

According to information from your text, it would be easiest to "turn the other cheek" and not reciprocate aggression if you

Researchers (Archer & McDaniel, 1995) asked teenagers from the United States and ten other countries to read stories about an interpersonal conflict situation, and to predict the outcome. The data demonstrated that ________ were more likely than others to anticipate a violent outcome that was described by the researchers as "lethal, gun-laden, and merciless."

According to Nisbett (1993), a(n) ________ is characteristic of regions where inhabitants evolved from herding societies, and thus ________.

According to social-psychological research , what are the "ideal conditions" for punishment to be an effective deterrent to violence? Punishment must be

________ theory posits that we learn to aggress by observing and imitating others.

According to evolutionary psychologists, aggression may be (or may have been) adaptive in humans. Explain how aggression could help a male pass on his genes.

Research on the effects of aggressive stimuli shows that

How would a cognitive dissonance theorist counter the Freudian argument that catharsis-blowing off steam to relieve the buildup of destructive aggressive impulses-will reduce aggression? Use an example of yelling or using sarcasm to vent our anger at someone who has angered us.