Exam 3: Consciousness and the Two-Track Mind

The process of judging something by intuitively comparing it to our mental representation of a category uses the _____ heuristic.

One reason people are overconfident is that they are not inclined to seek out information

When Bob turned in his assignment late, his boss believed it was because Bob is a lazy person. Bob's boss made a(n)

The cognitive rule that judges the likelihood of things in terms of their accessibility in memory is called the _____ heuristic.

Assuming most crimes involve violence because the news generally reports on rapes, robberies, and beatings is an example of the _____ heuristic.

Describe an example of how the actor-observer difference could play a role in racist beliefs.

You have a tendency to assume someone is still a good friend even after a person acts otherwise. This tendency is known as the

Explain how misattribution can play a role in sexual harassment.

After reading a newspaper article about teenagers who illegally download music from the Internet, you conclude that those who engage in such behavior are morally bankrupt. It never occurs to you that the reason teenagers download music from the Internet is because they are not able to afford the price of a compact disc, or the temptation to download, coupled with the peer pressure to do so, is often great. Your thinking on this matter can be characterized by the

The statistical tendency for extreme scores or behaviors to return toward average is called

Both you and your friend are late for a meeting. How would the attribution theory predict both your behavior and your friend's behavior?

After breaking up with your boyfriend, you imagine that you would still be with him if you had treated him more considerately. This is an example of

Kelly just saw a news report about an airplane crash. She now believes that she is more likely to be in an airplane accident than an automobile accident. This is an example of the

You believe that although you studied for a test, you will do poorly on it. As a consequence of this belief, you get low grades. This is an example of

When our expectations lead us to act in ways that induce others to confirm those expectations, _____ is at work.

The tendency for observers to underestimate situational influences and overestimate dispositional influences on other people's behavior is called the

Which of the following is NOT one of the explanations for why we study attribution errors?

Antonia Abbey and colleagues (1987, 1991, 2011) found that _____ are more likely to attribute a _____ friendliness to sexual interest.

Your immediate recognition of your friend's face or her voice on the phone is an example of

Which statement is the clearest example of an attribution?