Question 1

What was Hubble's major contribution to Cosmology?

Accepted Answer

A)  He identified Cepheid Variable stars. 
B)  He proved the Big Bang Theory. 
C)  He developed a new method for measuring the absolute magnitude of stars. 
D)  He identified numerous new galaxies outside the Milky Way. 
E)  He measured the size of the universe. 
A)  He identified Cepheid Variable stars. 
B)  He proved the Big Bang Theory. 
C)  He developed a new method for measuring the absolute magnitude of stars. 
D)  He identified numerous new galaxies outside the Milky Way. 
E)  He measured the size of the universe. D

Question 2

Why did Hubble think the Cepheid variables he saw in "Fuzzy Patches" were outside the Milky Way?

Accepted Answer

A)  They were dim. 
B)  They had a red shift character. 
C)  Their brightness varied. 
D)  They were small. 
A)  They were dim. 
B)  They had a red shift character. 
C)  Their brightness varied. 
D)  They were small. A

Question 3

On a Hertzprung- Russell Diagram, our Sun is classified as___________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  a super star 
B)  a yellow giant 
C)  a mediocre star 
D)  an average star 
E)  a yellow dwarf 
A)  a super star 
B)  a yellow giant 
C)  a mediocre star 
D)  an average star 
E)  a yellow dwarf D

Question 4

Low mass stars generally end up as___________ dwarfs.

Accepted Answer

A)  yellow 
B)  blue 
C)  white 
D)  red 
A)  yellow 
B)  blue 
C)  white 
D)  red

Question 5

How do we calculate or determine the distances to stars? What units do we use and what are the limitations if any. of the method used for such calculations?

Accepted Answer

The method of measuring distance to star

Question 6

What is the main factor that determines what will happen to a star after it consumes all of its nuclear fuel?

Accepted Answer

A)  temperature 
B)  velocity 
C)  size 
D)  mass 
E)  composition 
A)  temperature 
B)  velocity 
C)  size 
D)  mass 
E)  composition

Question 7

Degenerate matter can have densities 1 million times greater than the density of water, and they achieve this density by___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  converting the atomic nucleus to a small volume with high mass by expelling all neutrons 
B)  compressing all of the electrons so that they are close to the nucleus 
C)  forming ions that bond electrostatically so that there volume is very small 
D)  fusing all of their atoms into super atoms with very high atomic numbers 
A)  converting the atomic nucleus to a small volume with high mass by expelling all neutrons 
B)  compressing all of the electrons so that they are close to the nucleus 
C)  forming ions that bond electrostatically so that there volume is very small 
D)  fusing all of their atoms into super atoms with very high atomic numbers

Question 8

Prior to the formation of the protostar,___________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  the temperature of the cloud is greater than 10,000 K 
B)  the interstellar clouds are composed of equal amounts of hydrogen and helium 
C)  nuclear fusion converts hydrogen to helium 
D)  nuclear fusion does not occur 
A)  the temperature of the cloud is greater than 10,000 K 
B)  the interstellar clouds are composed of equal amounts of hydrogen and helium 
C)  nuclear fusion converts hydrogen to helium 
D)  nuclear fusion does not occur

Question 9

Galaxies are collections of___________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  ice 
B)  interstellar matter 
C)  planets 
D)  comets 
A)  ice 
B)  interstellar matter 
C)  planets 
D)  comets

Question 10

Stars spend most of their life span as ___________stars.

Accepted Answer

A)  neutron 
B)  red giant 
C)  red supergiant 
D)  main- sequence 
A)  neutron 
B)  red giant 
C)  red supergiant 
D)  main- sequence

Question 11

What two elements formed first?

Accepted Answer

A)  protons and neutrons 
B)  electrons and protons 
C)  helium and oxygen 
D)  helium and hydrogen 
E)  hydrogen and oxygen 
A)  protons and neutrons 
B)  electrons and protons 
C)  helium and oxygen 
D)  helium and hydrogen 
E)  hydrogen and oxygen

Question 12

There are three possible fates for the universe: 1. eternal expansion; 2. total collapse; or 3. some equilibrium condition with no further motion. What conditions might favor one result over the other?

Accepted Answer

A)  Critical volume-is the universe large enough for unlimited expansion? 
B)  Critical velocity-is there enough momentum to continue expansion forever? 
C)  Critical energy-is there enough energy in the universe to maintain either expansion or collapse? 
D)  Critical density-is there enough mass in the universe to cause gravitational collapse? 
A)  Critical volume-is the universe large enough for unlimited expansion? 
B)  Critical velocity-is there enough momentum to continue expansion forever? 
C)  Critical energy-is there enough energy in the universe to maintain either expansion or collapse? 
D)  Critical density-is there enough mass in the universe to cause gravitational collapse?

Question 13

The red shift refers to ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the red light emitted by planets as they rotate on their axis 
B)  a visual effect related to the Doppler effect and stars moving further away 
C)  the tendency of redder stars to be located in the edges of the universe 
D)  the tendency of stars to cool and become red in color 
A)  the red light emitted by planets as they rotate on their axis 
B)  a visual effect related to the Doppler effect and stars moving further away 
C)  the tendency of redder stars to be located in the edges of the universe 
D)  the tendency of stars to cool and become red in color

Question 14

Based on the observed red shifts in the spectral lines of distant galaxies, astronomers conclude that___________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  the universe is expanding 
B)  the universe is contracting 
C)  Earth is in the center of the universe 
D)  the universe is in a steady state 
A)  the universe is expanding 
B)  the universe is contracting 
C)  Earth is in the center of the universe 
D)  the universe is in a steady state

Question 15

Balance for a main sequence star is achieved when___________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  nuclear fusion and fission occur at the same rate 
B)  temperature matches the rate of nuclear fusion 
C)  gravitational collapse matches gas pressure 
D)  gas pressure matches temperature 
E)  all of the above 
A)  nuclear fusion and fission occur at the same rate 
B)  temperature matches the rate of nuclear fusion 
C)  gravitational collapse matches gas pressure 
D)  gas pressure matches temperature 
E)  all of the above

Question 16

Which of the following is not true of first generation stars?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are short- lived. 
B)  They are very dense. 
C)  They are composed primarily of hydrogen. 
D)  They are massive. 
E)  They have violent, explosive deaths. 
A)  They are short- lived. 
B)  They are very dense. 
C)  They are composed primarily of hydrogen. 
D)  They are massive. 
E)  They have violent, explosive deaths.

Question 17

What is a "main sequence star"?

Accepted Answer

A)  a star that falls in a band in a band on the H- R Diagram with most other stars 
B)  a star that is aligned with many other, similar colored stars 
C)  a star that shows the same trend in distance from earth and temperature as many other stars 
D)  a star that is in a group of stars with similar ages and sizes 
E)  a star that is statistically indistinguishable from 90% of all stars 
A)  a star that falls in a band in a band on the H- R Diagram with most other stars 
B)  a star that is aligned with many other, similar colored stars 
C)  a star that shows the same trend in distance from earth and temperature as many other stars 
D)  a star that is in a group of stars with similar ages and sizes 
E)  a star that is statistically indistinguishable from 90% of all stars

Question 18

___________is the study of the universe, including its properties, structure, and evolution.

Accepted Answer

A)  astrology 
B)  stellography 
C)  cosmology 
D)  quasology 
A)  astrology 
B)  stellography 
C)  cosmology 
D)  quasology

Question 19

Which color stars have the coolest surface temperature?

Accepted Answer

A)  red 
B)  orange 
C)  yellow 
D)  blue 
A)  red 
B)  orange 
C)  yellow 
D)  blue

Question 20

Examine the words and/or phrases below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option that does not fit the pattern.

Accepted Answer

A)  color 
B)  magnitude 
C)  composition 
D)  temperature 
A)  color 
B)  magnitude 
C)  composition 
D)  temperature

Exam 24: Beyond Our Solar System

What was Hubble's major contribution to Cosmology?

Why did Hubble think the Cepheid variables he saw in "Fuzzy Patches" were outside the Milky Way?

On a Hertzprung- Russell Diagram, our Sun is classified as___________ .

Low mass stars generally end up as___________ dwarfs.

How do we calculate or determine the distances to stars? What units do we use and what are the limitations if any. of the method used for such calculations?

What is the main factor that determines what will happen to a star after it consumes all of its nuclear fuel?

Degenerate matter can have densities 1 million times greater than the density of water, and they achieve this density by___________.

Prior to the formation of the protostar,___________ .

Galaxies are collections of___________ .

Stars spend most of their life span as ___________stars.

What two elements formed first?

There are three possible fates for the universe: 1. eternal expansion; 2. total collapse; or 3. some equilibrium condition with no further motion. What conditions might favor one result over the other?

The red shift refers to ___________.

Based on the observed red shifts in the spectral lines of distant galaxies, astronomers conclude that___________ .

Balance for a main sequence star is achieved when___________ .

Which of the following is not true of first generation stars?

What is a "main sequence star"?

___________is the study of the universe, including its properties, structure, and evolution.

Which color stars have the coolest surface temperature?

Examine the words and/or phrases below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option that does not fit the pattern.

Introduction to Earth Science

Matter and Minerals

Rocks: Materials of the Solid Earth

Plate Tectonics: a Scientific Revolution Unfolds

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

Volcanoes and Other Igneous Activity

Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

Weathering, Soil, and Mass Movement

Running Water and Groundwater

Glaciers, Deserts, and Wind

Geologic Time

Earths Evolution Through Geologic Time

The Ocean Floor

Ocean Water and Ocean Life

The Dynamic Ocean

The Atmosphere: Composition, Structure, and Temperature

Moisture, Clouds, and Precipitation

Air Pressure and Wind

Weather Patterns and Severe Storms

World Climates and Global Climate Change

Origins of Modern Astronomy

Touring Our Solar System

Light, Telescopes, and the Sun

Filters