Question 1

Separation of the sister chromatids occurs in ______.

Accepted Answer

anaphase

Question 2

Senescent cells typically display all of the following characteristics except:

Accepted Answer

A) cellular enlargement. 
B) decrease in the size of the nucleus and multinucleated cells. 
C) increase in the distance between cells. 
D) decrease in viable extracellular matrix proteins. 
A) cellular enlargement. 
B) decrease in the size of the nucleus and multinucleated cells. 
C) increase in the distance between cells. 
D) decrease in viable extracellular matrix proteins. B

Question 3

The telomere sequence is highly conserved across the eukaryotic kingdoms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

When unusable energy leaves the system,the system becomes randomly rearranged,moving from more order to less order.It is this movement toward increasing ______ that is associated with the accumulation of damaged proteins,leading to aging.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When unusable energy leaves the system,the system...

Question 5

The replication machinery moves backward on the lagging strand,creating small segments called:

Accepted Answer

A) DNA fragments. 
B) lagging fragments. 
C) cohesins. 
D) Okazaki fragments. 
A) DNA fragments. 
B) lagging fragments. 
C) cohesins. 
D) Okazaki fragments.

Question 6

The enzyme responsible for maintaining telomere length is:

Accepted Answer

A) DNA polymerase. 
B) RNA polymerase. 
C) telomerase. 
D) telomere synthetase. 
A) DNA polymerase. 
B) RNA polymerase. 
C) telomerase. 
D) telomere synthetase.

Question 7

DNA  synthesis occurs in which phase?

Accepted Answer

A) S 
B) M 
C) G1 
D) G2 
A) S 
B) M 
C) G1 
D) G2

Question 8

Because the proteins that help to maintain molecular fidelity are also subject to the second law of thermodynamics,the ability to repair or replace damaged biomolecules also decreases with age.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

In general,telomerase is expressed only in the ______ and ______ cells.

Accepted Answer

A) germ;stem 
B) stem;somatic 
C) somatic;germ 
D) sperm;somatic 
A) germ;stem 
B) stem;somatic 
C) somatic;germ 
D) sperm;somatic

Question 10

High ATP-ADP ratios in the mitochondrial matrix ______ the TCA cycle,and thus electrons are not shuttled to the ETS.

Accepted Answer

A) inhibit 
B) activate 
C) initiate 
D) reverse 
A) inhibit 
B) activate 
C) initiate 
D) reverse

Question 11

Briefly describe the three phases of a cell culture.

Accepted Answer

Phase I is characterized by sl

Question 12

Pauses in DNA replication that result from checkpoint regulation are often referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A) genetic brakes. 
B) checkpoint recesses. 
C) molecular brakes. 
D) S-cyclin controls. 
A) genetic brakes. 
B) checkpoint recesses. 
C) molecular brakes. 
D) S-cyclin controls.

Question 13

The ______ family of enzymes participates in reactions that mark improperly folded proteins for destruction and may have a significant role in the development of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.

Accepted Answer

A) ubiquitin ligase 
B) DNA polymerase 
C) helicase 
D) primase 
A) ubiquitin ligase 
B) DNA polymerase 
C) helicase 
D) primase

Question 14

On the existing DNA strand,DNA polymerase moves in the 5′→ 3′ direction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Together,the end products of the TCA cycle and electron transfer system are:

Accepted Answer

A) carbon dioxide and water. 
B) carbon monoxide and water. 
C) electrons and oxygen. 
D) oxygen and carbon dioxide. 
A) carbon dioxide and water. 
B) carbon monoxide and water. 
C) electrons and oxygen. 
D) oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Question 16

The helicase and primase make up a protein replication complex called:

Accepted Answer

A) DNA polymerase. 
B) the primosome. 
C) DNA replicase. 
D) DNA ligase. 
A) DNA polymerase. 
B) the primosome. 
C) DNA replicase. 
D) DNA ligase.

Question 17

The ______ law of thermodynamics describes how the transfer of energy from one form to another is not 100% efficient and some of the energy becomes unusable.

Accepted Answer

A) first 
B) second 
C) third 
D) fourth 
A) first 
B) second 
C) third 
D) fourth

Question 18

Maintaining the proper structure of a molecule is generally known as molecular fidelity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The mitochondria of aerobic organisms use 95% of all oxygen consumed by the body in the synthesis of:

Accepted Answer

A) DNA. 
B) proteins. 
C) adenosine triphosphate (ATP). 
D) carbohydrates. 
A) DNA. 
B) proteins. 
C) adenosine triphosphate (ATP). 
D) carbohydrates.

Question 20

DNA replication is initiated by the expression of nuclear proteins known as S-cyclins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Separation of the sister chromatids occurs in ______.

Senescent cells typically display all of the following characteristics except:

The telomere sequence is highly conserved across the eukaryotic kingdoms.

When unusable energy leaves the system,the system becomes randomly rearranged,moving from more order to less order.It is this movement toward increasing ______ that is associated with the accumulation of damaged proteins,leading to aging.

The replication machinery moves backward on the lagging strand,creating small segments called:

The enzyme responsible for maintaining telomere length is:

DNA synthesis occurs in which phase?

Because the proteins that help to maintain molecular fidelity are also subject to the second law of thermodynamics,the ability to repair or replace damaged biomolecules also decreases with age.

In general,telomerase is expressed only in the and cells.

High ATP-ADP ratios in the mitochondrial matrix ______ the TCA cycle,and thus electrons are not shuttled to the ETS.

Briefly describe the three phases of a cell culture.

Pauses in DNA replication that result from checkpoint regulation are often referred to as:

The ______ family of enzymes participates in reactions that mark improperly folded proteins for destruction and may have a significant role in the development of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.

On the existing DNA strand,DNA polymerase moves in the 5′→ 3′ direction.

Together,the end products of the TCA cycle and electron transfer system are:

The helicase and primase make up a protein replication complex called:

The ______ law of thermodynamics describes how the transfer of energy from one form to another is not 100% efficient and some of the energy becomes unusable.

Maintaining the proper structure of a molecule is generally known as molecular fidelity.

The mitochondria of aerobic organisms use 95% of all oxygen consumed by the body in the synthesis of:

DNA replication is initiated by the expression of nuclear proteins known as S-cyclins.

Basic Concepts in the Biology of Aging

Measuring Biological Aging

Evolutionary Theories of Longevity and Aging

Genetics of Longevity

Plant Senescence

Human Longevity

The Physiology of Human Aging

Age-Related Disease in Humans

Modulating Human Aging and Longevity

Filters

Exam 4: Cellular Aging

Separation of the sister chromatids occurs in ______.

Senescent cells typically display all of the following characteristics except:

The telomere sequence is highly conserved across the eukaryotic kingdoms.

When unusable energy leaves the system,the system becomes randomly rearranged,moving from more order to less order.It is this movement toward increasing ______ that is associated with the accumulation of damaged proteins,leading to aging.

The replication machinery moves backward on the lagging strand,creating small segments called:

The enzyme responsible for maintaining telomere length is:

DNA synthesis occurs in which phase?

Because the proteins that help to maintain molecular fidelity are also subject to the second law of thermodynamics,the ability to repair or replace damaged biomolecules also decreases with age.

In general,telomerase is expressed only in the ______ and ______ cells.

High ATP-ADP ratios in the mitochondrial matrix ______ the TCA cycle,and thus electrons are not shuttled to the ETS.

Briefly describe the three phases of a cell culture.

Pauses in DNA replication that result from checkpoint regulation are often referred to as:

The ______ family of enzymes participates in reactions that mark improperly folded proteins for destruction and may have a significant role in the development of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.

On the existing DNA strand,DNA polymerase moves in the 5′→ 3′ direction.

Together,the end products of the TCA cycle and electron transfer system are:

The helicase and primase make up a protein replication complex called:

The ______ law of thermodynamics describes how the transfer of energy from one form to another is not 100% efficient and some of the energy becomes unusable.

Maintaining the proper structure of a molecule is generally known as molecular fidelity.

The mitochondria of aerobic organisms use 95% of all oxygen consumed by the body in the synthesis of:

DNA replication is initiated by the expression of nuclear proteins known as S-cyclins.

Basic Concepts in the Biology of Aging

Measuring Biological Aging

Evolutionary Theories of Longevity and Aging

Genetics of Longevity

Plant Senescence

Human Longevity

The Physiology of Human Aging

Age-Related Disease in Humans

Modulating Human Aging and Longevity

Filters

In general,telomerase is expressed only in the and cells.