Exam 2: Foundations of Law and Crime: Nature, Elements, and Defenses

Jack and Jill plan to shoplift from a convenience store. While Jack walked out with a case of beer he did not pay for, the store clerk confronted Jill, who shot and killed the clerk. Both Jack and Jill are apprehended and charged with first-degree murder. What does this case illustrate?

Michael is driving the speed limit and paying full attention, but accidentally hits a small child who darts into the street from behind a large RV. What might this be classified as?

Eric is filing for divorce against his wife, Ariana. Since they are legally separated, Eric currently lives in an apartment, and Ariana lives in the home they bought together. Ariana called the police when Eric peacefully entered the home to take a television set for his apartment. Which of the following is true about this situation?

What is another term that may be used to describe that a person intended to commit a crime on purpose?

Which describes the "eye for an eye, tooth for a tooth" crimes and punishments model?

Which are considered less serious offenses and can be punished by less than 1 year incarceration in jail?

Explain the difference in using excuse defenses versus justification defenses in criminal cases.

Which of the following is grounded primarily in psychology?

The United States system of government is based upon which of the following concepts?

College student Lily and her roommate took someone else's coffee and doughnuts from the student union coffee shop. They were chased by a customer from the coffee shop, who was hit by a car as Lily and her roommate raced across the street. With what offense are Lily and her roommate most likely to be charged?

Which of the following is indicative of a case involving civil law?

Procedural law outlines the rules for that jurisdiction regarding selection of juries, appellate processes, evidence presented to a jury, and representation of counsel.

A state's Supreme Court justice sets a precedent by interpreting and applying one of the state's laws in a particular way. On a similar case, a justice in a lower court adheres to the Supreme Court justice's interpretation of the same law. What is this an example of?

______ is the body of law that defines criminal offenses and prescribes punishments for their infractions.

Which is one of the most serious crimes one can perpetrate against another person?

Explain the difference between substantive laws and procedural laws.

Which is a test for legal insanity that requires the defense to show the defendant did not understand the nature of his or her actions?

In a typical criminal case, the prosecutor must establish that (a) the accused committed the illegal act and (b) the accused had the necessary mental state.

Antonio is charged with battery, but claims that he had to commit battery to protect himself from further harm. This is referred to as which type of defense?

Distinguish among the crimes of assault, assault and battery, and aggravated assault.