Question 1

What is another term for the premise that a defendant is assumed to be innocent until guilt is established beyond a reasonable doubt?

Accepted Answer

A)  presumption of innocence 
B)  in loco parentis 
C)  beyond a preponderance of a doubt 
D)  double jeopardy 
A)  presumption of innocence 
B)  in loco parentis 
C)  beyond a preponderance of a doubt 
D)  double jeopardy A

Question 2

______ is one of the most potent influences on juvenile development.

Accepted Answer

A)  Family dysfunction 
B)  Educational success 
C)  Peer influence 
D)  Employment status 
A)  Family dysfunction 
B)  Educational success 
C)  Peer influence 
D)  Employment status A

Question 3

What is the rationale behind confidentiality of juvenile court proceedings and records?

Accepted Answer

The rationale behind confidentiality of juvenile court proceedings and records is to protect the privacy and future opportunities of the young individuals involved. Juvenile court proceedings are designed to rehabilitate and support the development of minors who have committed offenses, rather than to punish them. By keeping these proceedings and records confidential, the aim is to prevent the stigmatization and negative impact on the future prospects of the juveniles involved. It also helps to encourage honesty and openness during the rehabilitation process, as the minors may feel more comfortable discussing their issues and receiving the necessary support without fear of public scrutiny. Additionally, confidentiality helps to protect the identity and safety of the minors and their families, as well as to maintain trust in the juvenile justice system. Overall, the rationale behind confidentiality in juvenile court proceedings and records is to prioritize the well-being and future opportunities of the young individuals involved.

Question 4

Although punishment is typically the goal in the adult criminal justice system, what is the goal in the juvenile justice system?

Accepted Answer

A)  rehabilitation 
B)  restitution 
C)  deterrence 
D)  retribution 
A)  rehabilitation 
B)  restitution 
C)  deterrence 
D)  retribution

Question 5

Juvenile aftercare is the process of monitoring juvenile offenders after they complete an outpatient substance abuse treatment program.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

At the point of arrest, who makes the decision on whether to send the matter to the juvenile justice system or to divert the case into an alternative program?

Accepted Answer

A)  police officer 
B)  prosecutor 
C)  defense attorney 
D)  judge 
A)  police officer 
B)  prosecutor 
C)  defense attorney 
D)  judge

Question 7

Sixty days after being sentenced to a secure facility, Robert is brought before the judge again in 60 days and placed on probation. What is the purpose of this tactic?

Accepted Answer

A)  to avoid labeling Robert with a criminal label 
B)  to ensure Robert can return to school 
C)  to surprise Robert with "shock probation," which is intended to shock him into good behavior after getting a small taste of institutionalization 
D)  to ensure Robert understands the reason he was punished 
A)  to avoid labeling Robert with a criminal label 
B)  to ensure Robert can return to school 
C)  to surprise Robert with "shock probation," which is intended to shock him into good behavior after getting a small taste of institutionalization 
D)  to ensure Robert understands the reason he was punished

Question 8

Explain the rationale behind the trend for prosecuting juveniles in the adult criminal justice system.

Accepted Answer

The trend for prosecuting juveniles in t

Question 9

What is the burden-of-proof standard for juvenile court system cases?

Accepted Answer

A)  preponderance of the evidence 
B)  beyond a reasonable doubt 
C)  reasonable suspicion 
D)  probable cause 
A)  preponderance of the evidence 
B)  beyond a reasonable doubt 
C)  reasonable suspicion 
D)  probable cause

Question 10

The sentiment that the state is the ultimate parent of a child and has the authority to step in when a biological parent is unwilling or unable to sufficiently care for the child is known as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  guardianship 
B)  habeas corpus 
C)  parens patriae 
D)  fostering 
A)  guardianship 
B)  habeas corpus 
C)  parens patriae 
D)  fostering

Question 11

According to the Supreme Court, who has the discretion to determine whether or not a juvenile receives a trial by jury?

Accepted Answer

A)  the district attorney 
B)  the federal government 
C)  the presiding judge 
D)  state and local authorities 
A)  the district attorney 
B)  the federal government 
C)  the presiding judge 
D)  state and local authorities

Question 12

In which U.S. Supreme Court case did the Court find that juveniles do not have an absolute right to a trial by jury?

Accepted Answer

A)  J.D.B. v. North Carolina (2011) 
B)  Breed v. Jones (1975) 
C)  McKeiver v. Pennsylvania (1971) 
D)  Kent v. United States (1966) 
A)  J.D.B. v. North Carolina (2011) 
B)  Breed v. Jones (1975) 
C)  McKeiver v. Pennsylvania (1971) 
D)  Kent v. United States (1966)

Question 13

Facilities in which children worked an 8-hr day at various trades while attending at least 4 hours of school were known as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  reformatories 
B)  houses of refuge 
C)  jails 
D)  detention centers 
A)  reformatories 
B)  houses of refuge 
C)  jails 
D)  detention centers

Question 14

Persons in need of supervision (PINS) would include runaways, truants, and other status offenders.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

In 2003, 14-year-old Evan Miller beat his neighbor to death and burned down his trailer. Miller was convicted in 2006 and sentenced to life without the possibility of parole (LWOP), which is the mandatory sentence for "murder in the course of arson." The Supreme Court found in the case bearing his name, Miller v. Alabama, that mandatory life sentences for juveniles were unconstitutional, although the court did not ban them outright. The court had already ruled against life sentences for juveniles in 2010. Why didn't this finding apply to the Miller case?

Accepted Answer

A)  The 2010 finding was not applied retroactively, so it would not have impacted Miller because he was convicted in 2006. 
B)  The 2010 ruling rejected life sentences for nonhomicidal offenses. 
C)  The 2010 ruling was not applicable to Alabama. 
D)  The 2010 ruling was only applicable for juveniles that were not tried as adults. 
A)  The 2010 finding was not applied retroactively, so it would not have impacted Miller because he was convicted in 2006. 
B)  The 2010 ruling rejected life sentences for nonhomicidal offenses. 
C)  The 2010 ruling was not applicable to Alabama. 
D)  The 2010 ruling was only applicable for juveniles that were not tried as adults.

Question 16

At the ______ hearing, recommendations for the final outcome (sentence) are presented to the judge.

Accepted Answer

A)  disposition 
B)  arraignment 
C)  adjudication 
D)  initial 
A)  disposition 
B)  arraignment 
C)  adjudication 
D)  initial

Question 17

Describe some of the major correlates to juvenile offending.

Accepted Answer

There are several major correlates to ju

Question 18

Which act prevented the placement of any juveniles in any institutions where they would have regular contact with adults convicted of criminal charges?

Accepted Answer

A)  Human Rights Act of 1998 
B)  Civil Rights Act of 1957 
C)  Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 
D)  Juvenile Justice Act of 2000 
A)  Human Rights Act of 1998 
B)  Civil Rights Act of 1957 
C)  Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 
D)  Juvenile Justice Act of 2000

Question 19

Emily was detained by the police when she failed to attend school for the last several days in favor of smoking in the park. She has engaged in what type of offense?

Accepted Answer

A)  juvenile crime 
B)  status offense 
C)  delinquent waiver 
D)  bill of attainder 
A)  juvenile crime 
B)  status offense 
C)  delinquent waiver 
D)  bill of attainder

Question 20

The primary purpose of the juvenile justice system is to operate in the best interests of preserving public safety.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

What is another term for the premise that a defendant is assumed to be innocent until guilt is established beyond a reasonable doubt?

______ is one of the most potent influences on juvenile development.

What is the rationale behind confidentiality of juvenile court proceedings and records?

Although punishment is typically the goal in the adult criminal justice system, what is the goal in the juvenile justice system?

Juvenile aftercare is the process of monitoring juvenile offenders after they complete an outpatient substance abuse treatment program.

At the point of arrest, who makes the decision on whether to send the matter to the juvenile justice system or to divert the case into an alternative program?

Sixty days after being sentenced to a secure facility, Robert is brought before the judge again in 60 days and placed on probation. What is the purpose of this tactic?

Explain the rationale behind the trend for prosecuting juveniles in the adult criminal justice system.

What is the burden-of-proof standard for juvenile court system cases?

The sentiment that the state is the ultimate parent of a child and has the authority to step in when a biological parent is unwilling or unable to sufficiently care for the child is known as ______.

According to the Supreme Court, who has the discretion to determine whether or not a juvenile receives a trial by jury?

In which U.S. Supreme Court case did the Court find that juveniles do not have an absolute right to a trial by jury?

Facilities in which children worked an 8-hr day at various trades while attending at least 4 hours of school were known as ______.

Persons in need of supervision (PINS) would include runaways, truants, and other status offenders.

At the ______ hearing, recommendations for the final outcome (sentence) are presented to the judge.

Describe some of the major correlates to juvenile offending.

Which act prevented the placement of any juveniles in any institutions where they would have regular contact with adults convicted of criminal charges?

Emily was detained by the police when she failed to attend school for the last several days in favor of smoking in the park. She has engaged in what type of offense?

The primary purpose of the juvenile justice system is to operate in the best interests of preserving public safety.

Fundamentals of Criminal Justice: Essential Themes and Practices

Foundations of Law and Crime: Nature, Elements, and Defenses

Theories of Crime and Measuring Victimization

Ethical Essentials: Doing Right When No One Is Watching

Police Organization: Structure and Functions

Police at Work: Patrolling and Investigating

Policing Methods and Challenges: Issues of Force, Liability, Technologies

Expounding the Constitution: Laws of Arrest, Search, and Seizure

Court Organization: Structure, Functions, and Trial Process

The Bench and the Bar: Those Who Judge, Prosecute, and Defend

Court Methods and Challenges: Sentencing and Punishment

Prisons and Jails: Structure and Function

The Inmates World: the Keepers and the Kept

Corrections in the Community: Probation, Parole, and Other Alternatives to Incarceration

On the Crime Policy and Prevention Agenda: Terrorism, the Mentally Ill in the Criminal Justice System, and the Threat of Illegal Immigration

Filters

Exam 15: Juvenile Justice: Philosophy, Law, and Practices

What is another term for the premise that a defendant is assumed to be innocent until guilt is established beyond a reasonable doubt?

______ is one of the most potent influences on juvenile development.

What is the rationale behind confidentiality of juvenile court proceedings and records?

Although punishment is typically the goal in the adult criminal justice system, what is the goal in the juvenile justice system?

Juvenile aftercare is the process of monitoring juvenile offenders after they complete an outpatient substance abuse treatment program.

At the point of arrest, who makes the decision on whether to send the matter to the juvenile justice system or to divert the case into an alternative program?

Sixty days after being sentenced to a secure facility, Robert is brought before the judge again in 60 days and placed on probation. What is the purpose of this tactic?

Explain the rationale behind the trend for prosecuting juveniles in the adult criminal justice system.

What is the burden-of-proof standard for juvenile court system cases?

The sentiment that the state is the ultimate parent of a child and has the authority to step in when a biological parent is unwilling or unable to sufficiently care for the child is known as ______.

According to the Supreme Court, who has the discretion to determine whether or not a juvenile receives a trial by jury?

In which U.S. Supreme Court case did the Court find that juveniles do not have an absolute right to a trial by jury?

Facilities in which children worked an 8-hr day at various trades while attending at least 4 hours of school were known as ______.

Persons in need of supervision (PINS) would include runaways, truants, and other status offenders.

At the ______ hearing, recommendations for the final outcome (sentence) are presented to the judge.

Describe some of the major correlates to juvenile offending.

Which act prevented the placement of any juveniles in any institutions where they would have regular contact with adults convicted of criminal charges?

Emily was detained by the police when she failed to attend school for the last several days in favor of smoking in the park. She has engaged in what type of offense?

The primary purpose of the juvenile justice system is to operate in the best interests of preserving public safety.

Fundamentals of Criminal Justice: Essential Themes and Practices

Foundations of Law and Crime: Nature, Elements, and Defenses

Theories of Crime and Measuring Victimization

Ethical Essentials: Doing Right When No One Is Watching

Police Organization: Structure and Functions

Police at Work: Patrolling and Investigating

Policing Methods and Challenges: Issues of Force, Liability, Technologies

Expounding the Constitution: Laws of Arrest, Search, and Seizure

Court Organization: Structure, Functions, and Trial Process

The Bench and the Bar: Those Who Judge, Prosecute, and Defend

Court Methods and Challenges: Sentencing and Punishment

Prisons and Jails: Structure and Function

The Inmates World: the Keepers and the Kept

Corrections in the Community: Probation, Parole, and Other Alternatives to Incarceration

On the Crime Policy and Prevention Agenda: Terrorism, the Mentally Ill in the Criminal Justice System, and the Threat of Illegal Immigration

Filters