Exam 5: Learning

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In the context of fear-reduction techniques, behavior therapists frequently prefer __________, in which the client is gradually exposed to fear-evoking stimuli under circumstances in which he or she remains relaxed.

(Multiple Choice)
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In the context of operant conditioning, an example of __________ is when you keep posting comments in social media to receive more "likes."

(Multiple Choice)
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People learning to emit alpha waves through feedback from an electroencephalograph is an example of __________.

(Multiple Choice)
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Which of the following statements about punishment is TRUE?

(Multiple Choice)
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__________is a procedure for teaching complex behaviors that at first reinforces approximations of the target behavior.

(Multiple Choice)
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People seem to be ready to fear thunder, threatening faces, sharp objects, darkness, and heights. According to Arne Öhman and Susan Mineka, this is referred to as __________.

(Multiple Choice)
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__________ is a schedule of reinforcement in which every correct response is reinforced.

(Multiple Choice)
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In the context of the effects of media violence, most organizations of health professionals agree that:

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Consider an experiment in which a pigeon is placed in a Skinner box with a button on the wall. The cage contains a small green light that is turned on and off intermittently throughout the day. When the pigeon pecks the button when the green light is on, the behavior is reinforced with food. When it pecks the button when the green light is off, the behavior is not reinforced. The pigeon soon learns that button pecking will be rewarded only when the green light is on. In this scenario, the green light is a(n) __________.

(Multiple Choice)
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In operant conditioning, voluntary responses cannot be conditioned.

(True/False)
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Prior to conditioning, Michael salivates in response to lasagna placed in his mouth. Using classical conditioning terms, the food would be labeled the _____, while Michael salivating would be labeled the _____.

(Multiple Choice)
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__________ is defined as a simple form of learning in which an organism learns to engage in certain behavior because of the effects of that behavior.

(Multiple Choice)
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Children who watch violent shows may act less aggressively when they are informed that the:

(Multiple Choice)
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Telling your young child on Monday that their good behavior will be rewarded on Saturday is more effective than giving them an immediate reinforcer.

(True/False)
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Joe is a web content writer. He gets paid $100 for every five articles he publishes. In this scenario, Joe's payment is based on the __________ of reinforcement.

(Multiple Choice)
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In Robert Rescorla's experiment, what happened to the group of dogs to whom a shock was consistently presented after a tone?

(Multiple Choice)
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Denise cries every time she hears a song on the radio that she and her ex-boyfriend used to enjoy. Hearing the song brings back memories of the good times they had before he broke off the relationship. How come Denise cries when she hears the song?

(Multiple Choice)
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__________ is the acquisition of knowledge and skills by watching others rather than by means of direct experience.

(Multiple Choice)
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Media violence and aggressive video games decrease viewers' level of emotional arousal.

(True/False)
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Which of the following statements is true in the context of taste aversions?

(Multiple Choice)
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