Chat with AIExam 12: Education and Religion
Define nuclear family and extended family; discuss the types of societies in which each type tends to be more common. Explain why industrialization brings a transition from extended to more nuclear family arrangements.
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Answered by Examlex AI CopilotA nuclear family is a family unit consisting of two parents and their children, while an extended family includes not only the nuclear family but also other relatives such as grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins living together or in close proximity.
In traditional and agricultural societies, extended families are more common. This is because these societies often rely on collective labor and resources, and having multiple generations living together can provide support and stability. In these societies, the extended family serves as a social safety net, providing care for the elderly and support for children.
On the other hand, nuclear families are more common in industrialized societies. This is because industrialization often leads to urbanization and a shift away from agricultural lifestyles. As people move to cities for work, they are more likely to live in smaller, nuclear family units rather than with extended relatives. Additionally, industrialization brings about changes in social and economic structures, leading to a greater emphasis on individualism and self-sufficiency.
Industrialization also brings about a transition from extended to more nuclear family arrangements due to changes in the economy and the nature of work. In industrialized societies, there is a greater need for mobility and flexibility in the labor force, which can make it more difficult for extended families to live and work together. Additionally, the rise of wage labor and the nuclear family as a consumption unit has led to a greater emphasis on the nuclear family as the primary social unit.
Overall, the shift from extended to nuclear family arrangements in industrialized societies is a result of changes in social and economic structures, as well as shifts in cultural values and norms. While extended families may still exist in some industrialized societies, the nuclear family has become the dominant family structure in these societies.
In the United States, most people practice ______________; they marry people who come from the same social class, racial/ethnic group, religious affiliation, and other categories considered important within their own social group.
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VerifiedD
What percentage of new marriages in the United States ends in divorce?
(36) VerifiedD
Today, most sociologists would consider two gay men and their adopted children, sharing the same household, to be a(n) ______________family.
(36) Most U.S. family households are made up of a married couple with one or more children under the age of 18.
(23) What constitutes a "family" has been widely debated. For many years, the standard sociological definition of family was _______________.
(26) Define Hochschild's concept of the second shift, and explain its relevance to contemporary marriage patterns.
(37) ______________analyze family influence on an individual's self-concept and identity. From this perspective, what people think, as well as what they say and do, is very important in understanding family dynamics.
(37) In a stereotypically conventional family, the wife/mother runs the household, cares for children, and meets the emotional needs of family members. Talcott Parsons termed this the______________.
(45) In a stereotypically conventional marriage, the husband/father meets the family's economic needs, makes important decisions, and provides leadership. Talcott Parsons termed this the______________ .
(30) Although the family of orientation is based exclusively on blood ties, the family of procreation may be based on both blood and legal ties
(41) One of the factors that increases the risk of divorce is______________ .
(32) One example that supports the postmodern perspective on the family is that______________ .
(32) According to sociologist Judy Root Aulette, "families we choose" include blood ties and legal ties, but they also include______________ , persons who are not actually related by blood but who are accepted as family members.
(31) ______________descent is used in the United States for the purpose of determining kinship and inheritance rights; however, children typically take the father's last name.
(29) General support for same-sex marriage in the United States is______________
(45) Contrast macrolevel perspectives on marriage (functionalism, conflict, and feminist theory) with microlevel perspectives (symbolic interaction). Highlight the significant differences among them.
(30) In ______________systems, inheritance of property and position is usually traced from the maternal uncle (mother's brother) to his nephew (mother's son). In some cases, mothers may pass on their property to daughters.
(34) Bubba married his high school sweetheart, and they have been faithful to each other for 30 years. Their marriage is considered to be______________ .
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