Question 1

Basic research is designed to solve practical problems.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

A correlation coefficient cannot determine which, if any, variable causes another variable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

You are about to start a research project with the goal of understanding how one variable causes another variable; poverty causes HIV infection, for example. A starting point would be to demonstrate that the two variables are related. You are only hypothesising that when poverty is high, HIV infection rates are also high. You could start your project with a ________ study of these two variables.

Accepted Answer

A)  coincidental 
B)  correlational 
C)  experimental 
D)  observational 
A)  coincidental 
B)  correlational 
C)  experimental 
D)  observational

Question 4

According to the text, psychology is the scientific study of

Accepted Answer

A)  human and animal behaviour. 
B)  thought, perception, and emotion. 
C)  conscious and unconscious processes. 
D)  behaviour and mental processes. 
A)  human and animal behaviour. 
B)  thought, perception, and emotion. 
C)  conscious and unconscious processes. 
D)  behaviour and mental processes.

Question 5

Which of the following would a behaviourist not consider an appropriate subject for psychological study?

Accepted Answer

A)  learning 
B)  academic achievement 
C)  reinforcement 
D)  feelings 
A)  learning 
B)  academic achievement 
C)  reinforcement 
D)  feelings

Question 6

Describe the main features of naturalistic observation, the case study method, the survey approach, and the correlational method, including their advantages and limitations. Provide an appropriate research topic for each.

Accepted Answer

Students should mention at least two dis

Question 7

Carl Rogers emphasized the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)  observable human behaviour. 
B)  the unconscious mind and the sexual development of humans. 
C)  seeing people as innately good and having free will. 
D)  the role of modelling in shaping behaviour. 
A)  observable human behaviour. 
B)  the unconscious mind and the sexual development of humans. 
C)  seeing people as innately good and having free will. 
D)  the role of modelling in shaping behaviour.

Question 8

Which of the following describes a positive correlation?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is no relationship between the variables. 
B)  When the value of one variable goes down, the value of the other goes up. 
C)  When the value of one variable goes up, the value of the other goes up. 
D)  When the value of one variable goes up, the value of the other variable goes down. 
A)  There is no relationship between the variables. 
B)  When the value of one variable goes down, the value of the other goes up. 
C)  When the value of one variable goes up, the value of the other goes up. 
D)  When the value of one variable goes up, the value of the other variable goes down.

Question 9

A psychology instructor studying the effects of the order of test items on test scores gave half the class a test in which the item order reflected the order in the textbook. The other half received the same questions in random order. What was the dependent variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  the order of the items 
B)  the method used to assign subjects to groups 
C)  the difficulty of the items on the test 
D)  scores on the test 
A)  the order of the items 
B)  the method used to assign subjects to groups 
C)  the difficulty of the items on the test 
D)  scores on the test

Question 10

A hypothesis is

Accepted Answer

A)  any condition that can be manipulated, measured or controlled. 
B)  a variable measured at the end of the experiment. 
C)  a prediction about a relationship between two or more variables. 
D)  a variable manipulated by the researcher. 
A)  any condition that can be manipulated, measured or controlled. 
B)  a variable measured at the end of the experiment. 
C)  a prediction about a relationship between two or more variables. 
D)  a variable manipulated by the researcher.

Question 11

Which of the following situations would be offered as a justification for the use of animals in research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because communication is limited, animals are not subject to researcher biases. 
B)  Sometimes the course of even well-documented diseases need to be observed. 
C)  Psychology students need practice dissecting the brain and implanting electrodes. 
D)  In order to test the effects of brain damage on particular skills, animals offer a means of controlling the types of damage. 
A)  Because communication is limited, animals are not subject to researcher biases. 
B)  Sometimes the course of even well-documented diseases need to be observed. 
C)  Psychology students need practice dissecting the brain and implanting electrodes. 
D)  In order to test the effects of brain damage on particular skills, animals offer a means of controlling the types of damage.

Question 12

Wilhelm Wundt's research focused on

Accepted Answer

A)  the basic elements of consciousness. 
B)  the useful functions of the mind. 
C)  the stream of consciousness. 
D)  observable behaviours. 
A)  the basic elements of consciousness. 
B)  the useful functions of the mind. 
C)  the stream of consciousness. 
D)  observable behaviours.

Question 13

The subject matter of the early schools of psychology called structuralism and functionalism was

Accepted Answer

A)  overt behaviour. 
B)  animal behaviour. 
C)  conscious mental experience. 
D)  abnormal behaviour. 
A)  overt behaviour. 
B)  animal behaviour. 
C)  conscious mental experience. 
D)  abnormal behaviour.

Question 14

According to the text, research that is conducted in order to find solutions to specific problems is called

Accepted Answer

A)  controlled research. 
B)  basic research. 
C)  pure research. 
D)  applied research. 
A)  controlled research. 
B)  basic research. 
C)  pure research. 
D)  applied research.

Question 15

What is a correlation coefficient?

Accepted Answer

A correlation coefficient is a numerical

Question 16

When a researcher utilizes a general principle or set of principles to explain how a number of separate facts are related to one another, the researcher is using

Accepted Answer

A)  a theory. 
B)  basic research. 
C)  a hypothesis. 
D)  applied research. 
A)  a theory. 
B)  basic research. 
C)  a hypothesis. 
D)  applied research.

Question 17

What type of test will yield nearly the same score, time after time, if the same person is tested and then retested?

Accepted Answer

A)  a valid test 
B)  the double-blind technique 
C)  the experimental method 
D)  a reliable test 
A)  a valid test 
B)  the double-blind technique 
C)  the experimental method 
D)  a reliable test

Question 18

What is naturalistic observation, and what are some of its advantages and limitations?

Accepted Answer

Naturalistic observation is a research m

Question 19

A researcher conducting a study testing the effects of caffeine on attention is concerned about experimenter bias. The way for her to reduce this problem would be to

Accepted Answer

A)  use random assignment. 
B)  use the double-blind technique. 
C)  use a placebo. 
D)  bear in mind the potential placebo effect. 
A)  use random assignment. 
B)  use the double-blind technique. 
C)  use a placebo. 
D)  bear in mind the potential placebo effect.

Question 20

Professor Jones explains serious mental disorders in terms of chemical imbalances in the brain. She favours the

Accepted Answer

A)  biological perspective. 
B)  psychoanalytic perspective. 
C)  cognitive perspective. 
D)  behavioural perspective. 
A)  biological perspective. 
B)  psychoanalytic perspective. 
C)  cognitive perspective. 
D)  behavioural perspective.

Basic research is designed to solve practical problems.

A correlation coefficient cannot determine which, if any, variable causes another variable.

According to the text, psychology is the scientific study of

Which of the following would a behaviourist not consider an appropriate subject for psychological study?

Describe the main features of naturalistic observation, the case study method, the survey approach, and the correlational method, including their advantages and limitations. Provide an appropriate research topic for each.

Carl Rogers emphasized the importance of

Which of the following describes a positive correlation?

A psychology instructor studying the effects of the order of test items on test scores gave half the class a test in which the item order reflected the order in the textbook. The other half received the same questions in random order. What was the dependent variable in this experiment?

A hypothesis is

Which of the following situations would be offered as a justification for the use of animals in research?

Wilhelm Wundt's research focused on

The subject matter of the early schools of psychology called structuralism and functionalism was

According to the text, research that is conducted in order to find solutions to specific problems is called

What is a correlation coefficient?

When a researcher utilizes a general principle or set of principles to explain how a number of separate facts are related to one another, the researcher is using

What type of test will yield nearly the same score, time after time, if the same person is tested and then retested?

What is naturalistic observation, and what are some of its advantages and limitations?

A researcher conducting a study testing the effects of caffeine on attention is concerned about experimenter bias. The way for her to reduce this problem would be to

Professor Jones explains serious mental disorders in terms of chemical imbalances in the brain. She favours the

Biology and Behaviour

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Cognition, Language, and Intelligence

Development

Motivation and Emotion

Social Psychology

Personality, Theory and Assessment

Health and Stress

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Filters

Exam 1: Introduction to Psychology

Basic research is designed to solve practical problems.

A correlation coefficient cannot determine which, if any, variable causes another variable.

According to the text, psychology is the scientific study of

Which of the following would a behaviourist not consider an appropriate subject for psychological study?

Describe the main features of naturalistic observation, the case study method, the survey approach, and the correlational method, including their advantages and limitations. Provide an appropriate research topic for each.

Carl Rogers emphasized the importance of

Which of the following describes a positive correlation?

A psychology instructor studying the effects of the order of test items on test scores gave half the class a test in which the item order reflected the order in the textbook. The other half received the same questions in random order. What was the dependent variable in this experiment?

A hypothesis is

Which of the following situations would be offered as a justification for the use of animals in research?

Wilhelm Wundt's research focused on

The subject matter of the early schools of psychology called structuralism and functionalism was

According to the text, research that is conducted in order to find solutions to specific problems is called

What is a correlation coefficient?

When a researcher utilizes a general principle or set of principles to explain how a number of separate facts are related to one another, the researcher is using

What type of test will yield nearly the same score, time after time, if the same person is tested and then retested?

What is naturalistic observation, and what are some of its advantages and limitations?

A researcher conducting a study testing the effects of caffeine on attention is concerned about experimenter bias. The way for her to reduce this problem would be to

Professor Jones explains serious mental disorders in terms of chemical imbalances in the brain. She favours the

Biology and Behaviour

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Cognition, Language, and Intelligence

Development

Motivation and Emotion

Social Psychology

Personality, Theory and Assessment

Health and Stress

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Filters