Question 1

Faulting at the deep furrows along the crest of a mid-ocean ridge takes the form of a

Accepted Answer

A)  graben. 
B)  strike-slip fault. 
C)  thrust fault. 
D)  transform fault. 
A)  graben. 
B)  strike-slip fault. 
C)  thrust fault. 
D)  transform fault. A

Question 2

The Hawaiian Islands owe their existence to the process of volcanism that is directly related to

Accepted Answer

A)  plate tectonics. 
B)  subduction. 
C)  a hot spot. 
D)  transform faulting. 
A)  plate tectonics. 
B)  subduction. 
C)  a hot spot. 
D)  transform faulting. C

Question 3

A guyot is a

Accepted Answer

A)  convective cell in Earth's mantle. 
B)  furrow down the center of a mid-ocean ridge. 
C)  a flat-topped seamount on the deep-sea floor. 
D)  name for all kinds of volcanic seamounts. 
A)  convective cell in Earth's mantle. 
B)  furrow down the center of a mid-ocean ridge. 
C)  a flat-topped seamount on the deep-sea floor. 
D)  name for all kinds of volcanic seamounts. C

Question 4

The difference in seismic velocity above versus below the Moho at a distance from the mid-ocean ridge that has a lower temperature and where most fractures have healed is __________ km/sec.

Accepted Answer

A)  2.4 
B)  1.7 
C)  1.4 
D)  0.7 
A)  2.4 
B)  1.7 
C)  1.4 
D)  0.7

Question 5

The theory of plate tectonics helps to explain why

Accepted Answer

A)  Earth's ocean basins are among the oldest features of the planet. 
B)  most volcanoes occur along curved belts of seafloor. 
C)  mountain belts almost invariably occur near the centers of continents. 
D)  earthquakes are randomly distributed throughout Earth's crust. 
A)  Earth's ocean basins are among the oldest features of the planet. 
B)  most volcanoes occur along curved belts of seafloor. 
C)  mountain belts almost invariably occur near the centers of continents. 
D)  earthquakes are randomly distributed throughout Earth's crust.

Question 6

The non-plate tectonics interpretation of paleomagnetic data referred to as ___________ eventually helped geophysicists conclude that continents had changed position over time.

Accepted Answer

A)  apparent polar wander 
B)  declination and inclination 
C)  rock magnetism 
D)  geopoetry 
A)  apparent polar wander 
B)  declination and inclination 
C)  rock magnetism 
D)  geopoetry

Question 7

__________ faults form because pressures are uneven along ridges and some segments of newly formed crust break away from others that move less rapidly away from the ridge axis.

Accepted Answer

A)  Transform 
B)  Thrust 
C)  Normal 
D)  Strike-slip 
A)  Transform 
B)  Thrust 
C)  Normal 
D)  Strike-slip

Question 8

In Hess's model of plate tectonics, the moving seafloor is swallowed up again by the mantle along

Accepted Answer

A)  guyots. 
B)  trenches. 
C)  ridges. 
D)  furrows. 
A)  guyots. 
B)  trenches. 
C)  ridges. 
D)  furrows.

Question 9

__________ is the name of the entire body of rocks formed by piling up along huge thrust faults at subduction zones.

Accepted Answer

A)  Accretionary wedges 
B)  Forearc basins 
C)  Island arcs 
D)  Mélanges 
A)  Accretionary wedges 
B)  Forearc basins 
C)  Island arcs 
D)  Mélanges

Question 10

In Hess's concept of plate tectonic movement, the deep furrow that runs along the center of the mid-ocean ridges represents

Accepted Answer

A)  convective cells of the mantle. 
B)  the site of newly formed crust that is moving laterally in two directions. 
C)  the site of apparent polar wandering and deep mantle convection. 
D)  the effect of low-velocity earthquake waves. 
A)  convective cells of the mantle. 
B)  the site of newly formed crust that is moving laterally in two directions. 
C)  the site of apparent polar wandering and deep mantle convection. 
D)  the effect of low-velocity earthquake waves.

Question 11

The Gauss interval (or chron) of Earth's magnetic history spans about __________ million years and consists of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  1.0; normally magnetized rocks only 
B)  1.0; mainly normally magnetized rocks but with a brief interval of reversed magnetization near the middle of the interval 
C)  0.3; reversely magnetized rocks only 
D)  0.3; mainly reversely magnetized rocks but with a brief interval of normal magnetization near the middle of the interval 
A)  1.0; normally magnetized rocks only 
B)  1.0; mainly normally magnetized rocks but with a brief interval of reversed magnetization near the middle of the interval 
C)  0.3; reversely magnetized rocks only 
D)  0.3; mainly reversely magnetized rocks but with a brief interval of normal magnetization near the middle of the interval

Question 12

In contrast to younger eras, the detailed history of plate tectonic movements is only moderately well known for

Accepted Answer

A)  Cenozoic. 
B)  Cretaceous. 
C)  Jurassic. 
D)  Paleozoic. 
A)  Cenozoic. 
B)  Cretaceous. 
C)  Jurassic. 
D)  Paleozoic.

Question 13

Reverse and normal magnetization of the seafloor was first discovered by British geophysicists in the __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Atlantic Ocean 
B)  Indian Ocean 
C)  Pacific Ocean 
D)  Gulf of Mexico 
A)  Atlantic Ocean 
B)  Indian Ocean 
C)  Pacific Ocean 
D)  Gulf of Mexico

Question 14

Select the item below that was NOT cited by Hess cited in support for his concept of very young seafloors.

Accepted Answer

A)  Deep-sea trenches 
B)  Truncation of seamounts on a descending conveyor belt 
C)  Relatively small number of volcanic seamounts on Earth 
D)  Paleomagnetic striping of the seafloor 
A)  Deep-sea trenches 
B)  Truncation of seamounts on a descending conveyor belt 
C)  Relatively small number of volcanic seamounts on Earth 
D)  Paleomagnetic striping of the seafloor

Question 15

Today, Earth's magnetic pole has a declination of about __________ degrees from the geographic pole.

Accepted Answer

A)  0 
B)  7 
C)  14 
D)  21 
A)  0 
B)  7 
C)  14 
D)  21

Question 16

What sort of fossil is Glossopteris?

Accepted Answer

A)  Large reptile 
B)  Small reptile 
C)  Plant 
D)  Fungus 
A)  Large reptile 
B)  Small reptile 
C)  Plant 
D)  Fungus

Question 17

Alfred Wegener envisioned a supercontinent of the past called

Accepted Answer

A)  Laurasia. 
B)  Pangaea. 
C)  Gondwanaland. 
D)  Antarctica. 
A)  Laurasia. 
B)  Pangaea. 
C)  Gondwanaland. 
D)  Antarctica.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT typically associated with a subduction zone?

Accepted Answer

A)  Island arc 
B)  Mélange 
C)  Trench 
D)  Normal fault 
A)  Island arc 
B)  Mélange 
C)  Trench 
D)  Normal fault

Question 19

A deep-focus earthquake originates more than __________ kilometers below Earth's surface.

Accepted Answer

A)  3000 
B)  300 
C)  30 
D)  3 
A)  3000 
B)  300 
C)  30 
D)  3

Question 20

The key to Harry Hess's initial understanding of the young age of the seafloor lay is in the measurement of

Accepted Answer

A)  the rate of sediment deposition in the deep sea. 
B)  high rates of heat flow. 
C)  seismic waves from earthquakes. 
D)  the average thickness of sediment on the seafloor. 
A)  the rate of sediment deposition in the deep sea. 
B)  high rates of heat flow. 
C)  seismic waves from earthquakes. 
D)  the average thickness of sediment on the seafloor.

Faulting at the deep furrows along the crest of a mid-ocean ridge takes the form of a

The Hawaiian Islands owe their existence to the process of volcanism that is directly related to

A guyot is a

The difference in seismic velocity above versus below the Moho at a distance from the mid-ocean ridge that has a lower temperature and where most fractures have healed is __________ km/sec.

The theory of plate tectonics helps to explain why

The non-plate tectonics interpretation of paleomagnetic data referred to as ___________ eventually helped geophysicists conclude that continents had changed position over time.

__________ faults form because pressures are uneven along ridges and some segments of newly formed crust break away from others that move less rapidly away from the ridge axis.

In Hess's model of plate tectonics, the moving seafloor is swallowed up again by the mantle along

__________ is the name of the entire body of rocks formed by piling up along huge thrust faults at subduction zones.

In Hess's concept of plate tectonic movement, the deep furrow that runs along the center of the mid-ocean ridges represents

The Gauss interval (or chron) of Earth's magnetic history spans about million years and consists of .

In contrast to younger eras, the detailed history of plate tectonic movements is only moderately well known for

Reverse and normal magnetization of the seafloor was first discovered by British geophysicists in the __________.

Select the item below that was NOT cited by Hess cited in support for his concept of very young seafloors.

Today, Earth's magnetic pole has a declination of about __________ degrees from the geographic pole.

What sort of fossil is Glossopteris?

Alfred Wegener envisioned a supercontinent of the past called

Which of the following is NOT typically associated with a subduction zone?

A deep-focus earthquake originates more than __________ kilometers below Earth's surface.

The key to Harry Hess's initial understanding of the young age of the seafloor lay is in the measurement of

Earth As a System

Rock-Forming Minerals and Rocks

The Diversity of Life

Environments and Life

Sedimentary Environments

Correlation and Dating of the Rock Record

Evolution and the Fossil Record

Continental Tectonics and Mountain Chains

Major Geochemical Cycles

The Hadean and Archean Eons of Precambrian Time

The Hadean and Archean Eons of Precambrian Time

The Early Paleozoic World

The Middle Paleozoic World

The Late Paleozoic World

The Early Mesozoic ERA

The Cretaceous World

The Paleogene World

The Late Cenozoic World Before the Holocene

The Retreat of Glaciers and the Holocene

Filters

Exam 8: The Theory of Plate Tectonics

Faulting at the deep furrows along the crest of a mid-ocean ridge takes the form of a

The Hawaiian Islands owe their existence to the process of volcanism that is directly related to

A guyot is a

The difference in seismic velocity above versus below the Moho at a distance from the mid-ocean ridge that has a lower temperature and where most fractures have healed is __________ km/sec.

The theory of plate tectonics helps to explain why

The non-plate tectonics interpretation of paleomagnetic data referred to as ___________ eventually helped geophysicists conclude that continents had changed position over time.

__________ faults form because pressures are uneven along ridges and some segments of newly formed crust break away from others that move less rapidly away from the ridge axis.

In Hess's model of plate tectonics, the moving seafloor is swallowed up again by the mantle along

__________ is the name of the entire body of rocks formed by piling up along huge thrust faults at subduction zones.

In Hess's concept of plate tectonic movement, the deep furrow that runs along the center of the mid-ocean ridges represents

The Gauss interval (or chron) of Earth's magnetic history spans about __________ million years and consists of __________.

In contrast to younger eras, the detailed history of plate tectonic movements is only moderately well known for

Reverse and normal magnetization of the seafloor was first discovered by British geophysicists in the __________.

Select the item below that was NOT cited by Hess cited in support for his concept of very young seafloors.

Today, Earth's magnetic pole has a declination of about __________ degrees from the geographic pole.

What sort of fossil is Glossopteris?

Alfred Wegener envisioned a supercontinent of the past called

Which of the following is NOT typically associated with a subduction zone?

A deep-focus earthquake originates more than __________ kilometers below Earth's surface.

The key to Harry Hess's initial understanding of the young age of the seafloor lay is in the measurement of

Earth As a System

Rock-Forming Minerals and Rocks

The Diversity of Life

Environments and Life

Sedimentary Environments

Correlation and Dating of the Rock Record

Evolution and the Fossil Record

Continental Tectonics and Mountain Chains

Major Geochemical Cycles

The Hadean and Archean Eons of Precambrian Time

The Hadean and Archean Eons of Precambrian Time

The Early Paleozoic World

The Middle Paleozoic World

The Late Paleozoic World

The Early Mesozoic ERA

The Cretaceous World

The Paleogene World

The Late Cenozoic World Before the Holocene

The Retreat of Glaciers and the Holocene

Filters

The Gauss interval (or chron) of Earth's magnetic history spans about million years and consists of .