Exam 2: Rock-Forming Minerals and Rocks

The mica-like, green mineral chlorite occurs primarily in

Coarse grain size (or crystal size) is usually found in

A sedimentary particle that is 1/128 millimeter in diameter is classified as

The average direction of the slope of __________ indicates the general direction of prevailing winds when ancient sands were deposited, thus forming a sand dune.

When an asteroid strikes the Earth, rocks that border the impact crater are affected by __________ metamorphism.

The main chemical process that occurs during lithification is called

__________ are sediments consisting of nearly spherical grains, which grow in modern seas by rolling around and accumulating aragonite needles on their surfaces.

Of the siliciclastic rocks that have mainly sand-sized grains, the one with at least 25% percent feldspar sand grains is called

__________ is a kind of igneous rock that is high in silica and contains two types of feldspars.

In some places, the strontium ion substitutes for the __________ ion within the calcium carbonate crystal structure.

The radioactive isotope of carbon is

This sedimentary structure formed when sediments were exposed to air.

Ionic bonding occurs in

__________ precipitates directly from seawater as tiny needle-like crystals, which accumulate on the shallow sea floor as __________.

The outermost shell of the chlorine atom, prior to bonding with sodium to form a common mineral (NaCl), contains how many electrons?

Silicon has an atomic number of 14, meaning that all atoms of silicon have

In the atomic structure of diamond, each carbon atom is covalently bonded with _________ other carbon atom(s) in the diamond structure shown.

Hematite is an example of the major mineral group called

Mud is a mixture of

Chert can form by biogenic processes (for example, as deposits from silica-rich solutions moving through rock) or by the process of