Exam 4: Prenatal Development and Birth

With respect to test results, a false positive is the result of a laboratory test that reports something as _____.

As part of embryonic development, the neural tube will become the _____.

By the end of the _____ prenatal month, sex organs develop and are soon visible via ultrasound.

The phenomenon in which fathers experience symptoms of pregnancy and birth is known as _____.

The fetus usually gains at least _____ pounds in the third trimester.

The last months of prenatal development are a critical period for body formation.

Thresholds, as they relate to harm from any teratogen, are difficult to set because one teratogen may _____ the threshold of another teratogen.

A "small for gestational age" baby means the same as an "underweight preterm" newborn.

Some teratogens are not harmful unless exposure reaches a certain level; this is called the _____ effect.

In a first birth, the average length of active labor is _____.

While Bill's wife was pregnant, he experienced weight gain and indigestion. When she gave birth, he felt sharp physical pain as well. Bill was experiencing _____.

The rate of both cesarean sections and induced labor is declining worldwide.

Kangaroo care has been associated with a newborn _____.

The parental alliance is especially beneficial when an infant is physically vulnerable.

Prenatal development follows a cephalocaudal and a proximodistal pattern.

Rita is one month pregnant and consults with her doctor about teratogens. The doctor tells her that one category of teratogens is _____.

On average, a first baby is born after _____ hours of active labor.

Factors that contribute to the effect of a teratogen include the timing of exposure, the dose, and _____ factors.

The Apgar scale measures color, heart rate, cry, muscle tone, and breathing.

In the United States, more than _____ of births occur via c-section.