Question 1

What is the difference between formal social networks and informal social networks? Give examples of both.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the difference between formal social...

Question 2

David runs a coffee shop with six employees. He allows these employees to do more or less what they want, when they want, while he is off snowboarding and skiing in various parts of the world. What is David's leadership style called?

Accepted Answer

A)  democratic leadership 
B)  laissez-faire leadership 
C)  authoritarian leadership 
D)  absentee leadership 
A)  democratic leadership 
B)  laissez-faire leadership 
C)  authoritarian leadership 
D)  absentee leadership

Question 3

Weber defined bureaucracy as a large impersonal organization comprising many clearly defined positions arranged in a hierarchy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

What is the most important process that goes on in social networks?

Accepted Answer

A)  change of cultural norms 
B)  exchange of resources 
C)  accumulation of resources 
D)  change in solidarity levels 
A)  change of cultural norms 
B)  exchange of resources 
C)  accumulation of resources 
D)  change in solidarity levels

Question 5

During war, soldiers are motivated by their countries' lofty ideals, such as upholding liberty or fighting the evils of Nazism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Describe the main characteristics of a postnatural society.

Accepted Answer

A postnatural society is characterized b

Question 7

What happens in bureaucracies when "people who have information lack authority and people who have authority lack information"?

Accepted Answer

A)  they become more hostile 
B)  they become more productive 
C)  they become more inefficient 
D)  they become more creative 
A)  they become more hostile 
B)  they become more productive 
C)  they become more inefficient 
D)  they become more creative

Question 8

Bureaucracies with decentralized decision making and multiple lines of communication tend to have more satisfied workers, happier clients, and larger profits.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

According to the textbook, when are bystanders to a crime least likely to get involved to stop it or to help?

Accepted Answer

A)  when others around them step in to help first 
B)  when no one else around them steps in to help 
C)  when they believe that official help (e.g., the police) is on the way 
D)  when they are afraid of being victimized themselves 
A)  when others around them step in to help first 
B)  when no one else around them steps in to help 
C)  when they believe that official help (e.g., the police) is on the way 
D)  when they are afraid of being victimized themselves

Question 10

An increase in and stability of which of the following is a defining characteristic of agricultural societies?

Accepted Answer

A)  trade 
B)  religious organization 
C)  material production 
D)  food production 
A)  trade 
B)  religious organization 
C)  material production 
D)  food production

Question 11

Heather works for a small but highly profitable software development company. In which of the following organizational structures will Heather and her co-workers be the most satisfied with their jobs and the most productive?

Accepted Answer

A)  traditional hierarchy 
B)  modern hierarchy 
C)  network structure 
D)  vertical structure 
A)  traditional hierarchy 
B)  modern hierarchy 
C)  network structure 
D)  vertical structure

Question 12

Identify some of the inefficiencies of bureaucracies.

Accepted Answer

Bureaucracies, while often established t

Question 13

According to the textbook, approximately what percentage of German Jews were married to non-Jews in 1933?

Accepted Answer

A)  11 percent 
B)  22 percent 
C)  33 percent 
D)  44 percent 
A)  11 percent 
B)  22 percent 
C)  33 percent 
D)  44 percent

Question 14

"Groupthink" refers to the pressure to conform despite individual misgivings.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Some enthusiasts learn to joust and participate in tournaments at medieval fairs. What do medieval knights represent for these enthusiasts?

Accepted Answer

A)  social category 
B)  status category 
C)  reference group 
D)  secondary group 
A)  social category 
B)  status category 
C)  reference group 
D)  secondary group

Question 16

Aquatic foragers concentrated on fishing and hunting marine animals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

According to Weber, what fact counters most people's commonsense notions about bureaucracies?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are ritualistic. 
B)  They are highly efficient. 
C)  They are dehumanizing. 
D)  They are ruled by only a small number of people. 
A)  They are ritualistic. 
B)  They are highly efficient. 
C)  They are dehumanizing. 
D)  They are ruled by only a small number of people.

Question 18

Bureaucratic inertia refers to the tendency of bureaucrats becoming so preoccupied with rules and regulations that they make it difficult for the organization to fulfill its goals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Efficiency of bureaucracy varies with its structure and the organizational environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

How do in-group and out-group dynamics operate in high schools? Use examples from your own experience.

Accepted Answer

In high schools, in-group and out-group

Exam 6: Networks, Groups, Bureaucracies, and Societies

What is the difference between formal social networks and informal social networks? Give examples of both.

David runs a coffee shop with six employees. He allows these employees to do more or less what they want, when they want, while he is off snowboarding and skiing in various parts of the world. What is David's leadership style called?

Weber defined bureaucracy as a large impersonal organization comprising many clearly defined positions arranged in a hierarchy.

What is the most important process that goes on in social networks?

During war, soldiers are motivated by their countries' lofty ideals, such as upholding liberty or fighting the evils of Nazism.

Describe the main characteristics of a postnatural society.

What happens in bureaucracies when "people who have information lack authority and people who have authority lack information"?

Bureaucracies with decentralized decision making and multiple lines of communication tend to have more satisfied workers, happier clients, and larger profits.

According to the textbook, when are bystanders to a crime least likely to get involved to stop it or to help?

An increase in and stability of which of the following is a defining characteristic of agricultural societies?

Heather works for a small but highly profitable software development company. In which of the following organizational structures will Heather and her co-workers be the most satisfied with their jobs and the most productive?

Identify some of the inefficiencies of bureaucracies.

According to the textbook, approximately what percentage of German Jews were married to non-Jews in 1933?

"Groupthink" refers to the pressure to conform despite individual misgivings.

Some enthusiasts learn to joust and participate in tournaments at medieval fairs. What do medieval knights represent for these enthusiasts?

Aquatic foragers concentrated on fishing and hunting marine animals.

According to Weber, what fact counters most people's commonsense notions about bureaucracies?

Bureaucratic inertia refers to the tendency of bureaucrats becoming so preoccupied with rules and regulations that they make it difficult for the organization to fulfill its goals.

Efficiency of bureaucracy varies with its structure and the organizational environment.

How do in-group and out-group dynamics operate in high schools? Use examples from your own experience.

A Sociological Compass

How Sociologists Do Research

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Socialization

Social Interaction

Deviance and Crime

Social Stratification

Globalization, Inequality, and Development

Race and Ethnicity

Sexualities and Gender Stratification

Sociology of the Body: Disability, Aging, and Death

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Population and Urbanization

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