Question 1

According to a study of college student interactions noted in the text, on average, study participants told _____ lies in about 10 minutes.

Accepted Answer

A)  2.9 
B)  3.8 
C)  4.5 
D)  5.3 
A)  2.9 
B)  3.8 
C)  4.5 
D)  5.3 A

Question 2

What rulings have Canada's courts made in regards to the use of the polygraph as evidence in a criminal trial?

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary but should reference some of the following from the text: Two major cases have set tone for courts' continued refusal to consider polygraph evidence. In R. v. Phillion, defence sought to introduce polygraph results to show suspect was a pathological liar so his confession would be doubted. The polygraph evidence was disallowed and he was convicted and spent 30 years in prison before having his conviction overturned on other grounds. In R. v. Beland appellate court ruled that judge shouldn't have disallowed polygraph evidence in a conspiracy case but the Supreme Court overturned decision, reconfirming that polygraph has no place in criminal trials. Despite this ruling, courts should consider the use of polygraph evidence if it influences a suspect's confession, as in R. v. Oickle. It should be used to rule out deception and coercion in the process if the confession is allowed and it is used to convict.

Question 3

Which is NOT one of the Canadian agencies listed in the text as using the polygraph for employment screening?

Accepted Answer

A)  Halifax firefighters 
B)  Canada Revenue Agency 
C)  CSIS, the national intelligence agency 
D)  The Royal Canadian Mounted Police 
A)  Halifax firefighters 
B)  Canada Revenue Agency 
C)  CSIS, the national intelligence agency 
D)  The Royal Canadian Mounted Police B

Question 4

According to one study, _____ percent of individuals reported that squirming, glancing askance, and fidgeting were indicators of untruthfulness.

Accepted Answer

A)  30 
B)  50 
C)  60 
D)  70 
A)  30 
B)  50 
C)  60 
D)  70

Question 5

Which is NOT one of the most commonly used polygraph questioning procedures explained in the text?

Accepted Answer

A)  relevant-irrelevant test 
B)  reflexive-inductive test 
C)  control question test 
D)  positive control test 
A)  relevant-irrelevant test 
B)  reflexive-inductive test 
C)  control question test 
D)  positive control test

Question 6

According to the text "_____ hypothesis" posits that human intelligence was accelerated by the need for humans to develop social skills related to manipulation and deception.

Accepted Answer

A)  Da Vinci's intelligence 
B)  Darwin's intelligence 
C)  Goleman's emotional intelligence 
D)  the Machiavellian intelligence 
A)  Da Vinci's intelligence 
B)  Darwin's intelligence 
C)  Goleman's emotional intelligence 
D)  the Machiavellian intelligence

Question 7

The guilty knowledge test (GKT) uses a multiple-choice question format. When questions are posed, _____ multiple-choice options are provided.

Accepted Answer

A)  three 
B)  four 
C)  five 
D)  six 
A)  three 
B)  four 
C)  five 
D)  six

Question 8

According to the text, polygraphers fail to snare about _____ percent of guilty suspects and falsely accuse approximately _____ percent of innocent individuals.

Accepted Answer

A)  16; 21 
B)  21; 16 
C)  25; 10 
D)  30; 20 
A)  16; 21 
B)  21; 16 
C)  25; 10 
D)  30; 20

Question 9

When one study compared police detectives and college students in their ability to detect whether prisoners were telling the truth in staged videotaped confessions, which was NOT one of the findings?

Accepted Answer

A)  The police were more likely to judge false confessions as true than the students were. 
B)  The police were not as effective as the students in distinguishing between true and false confessions. 
C)  The police were almost 15 percent more accurate than the students at distinguishing true from false confessions. 
D)  The students performed only slightly better than chance at detecting true and false confessions. 
A)  The police were more likely to judge false confessions as true than the students were. 
B)  The police were not as effective as the students in distinguishing between true and false confessions. 
C)  The police were almost 15 percent more accurate than the students at distinguishing true from false confessions. 
D)  The students performed only slightly better than chance at detecting true and false confessions.

Question 10

Credibility assessment in the future will probably involve all EXCEPT which technique:

Accepted Answer

A)  sonoplasmic tracing technology. 
B)  high-definition infrared thermal imaging. 
C)  laser Doppler vibrometry. 
D)  eye-movement memory assessment. 
A)  sonoplasmic tracing technology. 
B)  high-definition infrared thermal imaging. 
C)  laser Doppler vibrometry. 
D)  eye-movement memory assessment.

Question 11

According to a study conducted by Honts, Raskin, & Kircher (1994), the use of countermeasures reduced the detection of guilty suspects by _____ percent.

Accepted Answer

A)  20 
B)  30 
C)  40 
D)  50 
A)  20 
B)  30 
C)  40 
D)  50

Question 12

According to research completed by Lykken (1998), when the guilty knowledge test (GKT) is used, _____ percent of innocent suspects were correctly classified, while _____ percent of guilty suspects were correctly classified.

Accepted Answer

A)  75.2; 83.5 
B)  87.1; 90.9 
C)  96.7; 88.2 
D)  80.3; 90.9 
A)  75.2; 83.5 
B)  87.1; 90.9 
C)  96.7; 88.2 
D)  80.3; 90.9

Question 13

The polygraph's invention is attributed to:

Accepted Answer

A)  Franklin Pruitt in 1942. 
B)  Arnold Writtenmore in 1937. 
C)  William Marston in 1915 . 
D)  Carl Randolph in 1924. 
A)  Franklin Pruitt in 1942. 
B)  Arnold Writtenmore in 1937. 
C)  William Marston in 1915 . 
D)  Carl Randolph in 1924.

Question 14

Which is NOT a criticism of the polygraph explained in the text?

Accepted Answer

A)  Its use creates tensions with employee unions in most provinces. 
B)  The system lacks standardized questions, formats and scoring. 
C)  Results can be manipulated if subject employs countermeasures. 
D)  It is subjectively scored. 
A)  Its use creates tensions with employee unions in most provinces. 
B)  The system lacks standardized questions, formats and scoring. 
C)  Results can be manipulated if subject employs countermeasures. 
D)  It is subjectively scored.

Question 15

Compare and contrast the relevant-irrelevant test (RIT), the control question test (CQT) and the guilty knowledge test (GKT).

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary but should reference s

Question 16

The _____ shows a video image of the brain in action.

Accepted Answer

A)  fMRI 
B)  MRI 
C)  CBCA 
D)  EEG 
A)  fMRI 
B)  MRI 
C)  CBCA 
D)  EEG

Question 17

Which statement about research on whether lying and truth-telling produce detectable differences in brain activity is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rehearsed lies and spontaneous lies produce differences in brain activity. 
B)  Small samples used in these studies make any conclusions extremely limited. 
C)  In individuals there are very small variations in the areas or combined areas active in lying. 
D)  Overall, it appears that lying and truth-telling seem to generate differences in brain activity. 
A)  Rehearsed lies and spontaneous lies produce differences in brain activity. 
B)  Small samples used in these studies make any conclusions extremely limited. 
C)  In individuals there are very small variations in the areas or combined areas active in lying. 
D)  Overall, it appears that lying and truth-telling seem to generate differences in brain activity.

Question 18

When the GKT was tested in actual criminal investigations, as opposed to laboratory assessments, what were the results?

Accepted Answer

A)  The results were better than in the lab. 
B)  The results were not as good as in the lab. 
C)  The results were about the same as in the lab. 
D)  Such tests have not yet been conducted. 
A)  The results were better than in the lab. 
B)  The results were not as good as in the lab. 
C)  The results were about the same as in the lab. 
D)  Such tests have not yet been conducted.

Question 19

The major criticism of research attempts to replicate the conduct of actual criminal uses of the polygraph is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  it may be unethical. 
B)  it is impossible to duplicate what a test subject and what a criminal feels they have to lose in being caught. 
C)  it is difficult to find experimental subjects who have experience in the use of counter measures. 
D)  researchers do not have access to enough funds and incentives to entice subjects not to get caught. 
A)  it may be unethical. 
B)  it is impossible to duplicate what a test subject and what a criminal feels they have to lose in being caught. 
C)  it is difficult to find experimental subjects who have experience in the use of counter measures. 
D)  researchers do not have access to enough funds and incentives to entice subjects not to get caught.

Question 20

Discuss the scientific validity of the polygraph.

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary but should reference s

According to a study of college student interactions noted in the text, on average, study participants told _____ lies in about 10 minutes.

What rulings have Canada's courts made in regards to the use of the polygraph as evidence in a criminal trial?

Which is NOT one of the Canadian agencies listed in the text as using the polygraph for employment screening?

According to one study, _____ percent of individuals reported that squirming, glancing askance, and fidgeting were indicators of untruthfulness.

Which is NOT one of the most commonly used polygraph questioning procedures explained in the text?

According to the text "_____ hypothesis" posits that human intelligence was accelerated by the need for humans to develop social skills related to manipulation and deception.

The guilty knowledge test (GKT) uses a multiple-choice question format. When questions are posed, _____ multiple-choice options are provided.

According to the text, polygraphers fail to snare about _ percent of guilty suspects and falsely accuse approximately _ percent of innocent individuals.

When one study compared police detectives and college students in their ability to detect whether prisoners were telling the truth in staged videotaped confessions, which was NOT one of the findings?

Credibility assessment in the future will probably involve all EXCEPT which technique:

According to a study conducted by Honts, Raskin, & Kircher (1994), the use of countermeasures reduced the detection of guilty suspects by _____ percent.

According to research completed by Lykken (1998), when the guilty knowledge test (GKT) is used, _ percent of innocent suspects were correctly classified, while _ percent of guilty suspects were correctly classified.

The polygraph's invention is attributed to:

Which is NOT a criticism of the polygraph explained in the text?

Compare and contrast the relevant-irrelevant test (RIT), the control question test (CQT) and the guilty knowledge test (GKT).

The _____ shows a video image of the brain in action.

Which statement about research on whether lying and truth-telling produce detectable differences in brain activity is FALSE?

When the GKT was tested in actual criminal investigations, as opposed to laboratory assessments, what were the results?

The major criticism of research attempts to replicate the conduct of actual criminal uses of the polygraph is that:

Discuss the scientific validity of the polygraph.

Psychology and the Law: a Cautious Alliance

Interrogations and Confessions

Criminal Profiling

Eyewitness Identification and Testimony

Interviewing Children and Memories of Sexual Abuse

Jury Selection

Juries and Judges As Decision Makers

Fitness to Stand Trial and Criminal Responsibility

Predicting Violent Behaviour and Risk Assessment

Corrections: Sentencing, Imprisonment, and Alternatives

Battered Women Syndrome and Syndrome Evidence

Role of Psychology in the Civil Area: Child Custody Disputes, Parental Competence, Workplace Law

Filters

Exam 3: Lie Detection

According to a study of college student interactions noted in the text, on average, study participants told _____ lies in about 10 minutes.

What rulings have Canada's courts made in regards to the use of the polygraph as evidence in a criminal trial?

Which is NOT one of the Canadian agencies listed in the text as using the polygraph for employment screening?

According to one study, _____ percent of individuals reported that squirming, glancing askance, and fidgeting were indicators of untruthfulness.

Which is NOT one of the most commonly used polygraph questioning procedures explained in the text?

According to the text "_____ hypothesis" posits that human intelligence was accelerated by the need for humans to develop social skills related to manipulation and deception.

The guilty knowledge test (GKT) uses a multiple-choice question format. When questions are posed, _____ multiple-choice options are provided.

According to the text, polygraphers fail to snare about _____ percent of guilty suspects and falsely accuse approximately _____ percent of innocent individuals.

When one study compared police detectives and college students in their ability to detect whether prisoners were telling the truth in staged videotaped confessions, which was NOT one of the findings?

Credibility assessment in the future will probably involve all EXCEPT which technique:

According to a study conducted by Honts, Raskin, & Kircher (1994), the use of countermeasures reduced the detection of guilty suspects by _____ percent.

According to research completed by Lykken (1998), when the guilty knowledge test (GKT) is used, _____ percent of innocent suspects were correctly classified, while _____ percent of guilty suspects were correctly classified.

The polygraph's invention is attributed to:

Which is NOT a criticism of the polygraph explained in the text?

Compare and contrast the relevant-irrelevant test (RIT), the control question test (CQT) and the guilty knowledge test (GKT).

The _____ shows a video image of the brain in action.

Which statement about research on whether lying and truth-telling produce detectable differences in brain activity is FALSE?

When the GKT was tested in actual criminal investigations, as opposed to laboratory assessments, what were the results?

The major criticism of research attempts to replicate the conduct of actual criminal uses of the polygraph is that:

Discuss the scientific validity of the polygraph.

Psychology and the Law: a Cautious Alliance

Interrogations and Confessions

Criminal Profiling

Eyewitness Identification and Testimony

Interviewing Children and Memories of Sexual Abuse

Jury Selection

Juries and Judges As Decision Makers

Fitness to Stand Trial and Criminal Responsibility

Predicting Violent Behaviour and Risk Assessment

Corrections: Sentencing, Imprisonment, and Alternatives

Battered Women Syndrome and Syndrome Evidence

Role of Psychology in the Civil Area: Child Custody Disputes, Parental Competence, Workplace Law

Filters

According to the text, polygraphers fail to snare about _ percent of guilty suspects and falsely accuse approximately _ percent of innocent individuals.

According to research completed by Lykken (1998), when the guilty knowledge test (GKT) is used, _ percent of innocent suspects were correctly classified, while _ percent of guilty suspects were correctly classified.