Question 1

What was the Freedmen's Bureau and what did it accomplish?

Accepted Answer

The ideal answer should include:
$\bullet$Established in 1865 to provide food, clothing, and fuel to destitute former slaves; its scope was enlarged by Congress in 1866 although President Johnson vetoed this bill; veto overridden by Congress
$\bullet$Education: built schools and paid teachers, establishing the foundation for southern public education; supported "wayside schools" that were organized by African Americans in rural areas; supervised nearly 3,000 schools that served over 150,000 students in the South; assisted in the founding of several black colleges designed to train black teachers
$\bullet$Courts and legal assistance: prosecuted those charged with depriving African Americans of their civil rights; allowed freed people to bring suits against whites for multiple reasons; provided an important psychological challenge to traditional notions of white racial domination
$\bullet$Assisted freedmen in locating long-lost family members
$\bullet$Land distribution: charged with supervising and managing "all the abandoned lands in the South and the control of all subjects relating to refugees and freedmen"; "40 acres and a mule" in confiscated plantations would be leased to freed slaves or white Unionists with an option of purchasing it three years later; President Johnson soon ordered freedmen's evictions from here
$\bullet$Voting: collaborated with the Urban League to demand voting rights for African Americans and instructed freedmen on their rights and duties of citizenship

Question 2

Which statement best assesses the primary way in which Abraham Lincoln's death affected the Reconstruction process?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lincoln would have argued for a speedy restoration of the southern states to the Union and a minimum of federal intervention in their affairs. 
B)  Lincoln would have redistributed confiscated southern lands to freed slaves. 
C)  Lincoln's requirements for the Confederate states would have made it more difficult for each state to rejoin the Union. 
D)  Lincoln would not have pardoned nearly as many Southerners as President Johnson pardoned. 
A)  Lincoln would have argued for a speedy restoration of the southern states to the Union and a minimum of federal intervention in their affairs. 
B)  Lincoln would have redistributed confiscated southern lands to freed slaves. 
C)  Lincoln's requirements for the Confederate states would have made it more difficult for each state to rejoin the Union. 
D)  Lincoln would not have pardoned nearly as many Southerners as President Johnson pardoned. A

Question 3

Which statement would a late-nineteenth-century Liberal Republican have agreed with?

Accepted Answer

A)  Excessive government interference in the economy breeds corruption. 
B)  The government must actively direct the economy in an industrialized society. 
C)  Universal suffrage is at the heart of a virtuous republic. 
D)  Reconstruction of the South for freedmen must continue. 
A)  Excessive government interference in the economy breeds corruption. 
B)  The government must actively direct the economy in an industrialized society. 
C)  Universal suffrage is at the heart of a virtuous republic. 
D)  Reconstruction of the South for freedmen must continue. A

Question 4

Generally, sharecropping families received __________ of the year's crop.

Accepted Answer

A)  one-tenth 
B)  one-half 
C)  all 
D)  one-third 
A)  one-tenth 
B)  one-half 
C)  all 
D)  one-third

Question 5

The premise behind Thaddeus Stevens's view of Reconstruction was that the South should be __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  industrialized 
B)  returned to the rule of the planter elite 
C)  controlled by corporate farms that would replace the old plantation system 
D)  populated with black and white yeomen 
A)  industrialized 
B)  returned to the rule of the planter elite 
C)  controlled by corporate farms that would replace the old plantation system 
D)  populated with black and white yeomen

Question 6

The first big businesses in the United States were __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  textile companies 
B)  railroad corporations 
C)  steel corporations 
D)  oil companies 
A)  textile companies 
B)  railroad corporations 
C)  steel corporations 
D)  oil companies

Question 7

Rutherford B. Hayes's election to the presidency in 1876 meant the __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  continuation of federal military occupation of the South 
B)  beginning of active federal involvement in regulating the economy 
C)  nullification of the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments and the Civil Rights Act 
D)  solidification of Republican rule of the South 
A)  continuation of federal military occupation of the South 
B)  beginning of active federal involvement in regulating the economy 
C)  nullification of the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments and the Civil Rights Act 
D)  solidification of Republican rule of the South

Question 8

To which of the following did Republicans agree as part of the Compromise of 1877?

Accepted Answer

A)  a return to "home rule" by southern Democrats in the former Confederate states 
B)  an even division of the disputed electoral votes in Florida, Louisiana, and South Carolina 
C)  Tilden's appointment as Hayes's vice president 
D)  repeal of the Civil Rights Act of 1875, which outlawed racial discrimination in public places 
A)  a return to "home rule" by southern Democrats in the former Confederate states 
B)  an even division of the disputed electoral votes in Florida, Louisiana, and South Carolina 
C)  Tilden's appointment as Hayes's vice president 
D)  repeal of the Civil Rights Act of 1875, which outlawed racial discrimination in public places

Question 9

How did government officials respond to workers' demands for support during the economic depression of 1873?

Accepted Answer

A)  They nationalized the railroad system that was responsible for causing this depression. 
B)  They gave financial subsidies to farmers as relief for dropping farm prices. 
C)  They refused to create jobs through public works. 
D)  They provided funding for the establishment of additional charitable organizations. 
A)  They nationalized the railroad system that was responsible for causing this depression. 
B)  They gave financial subsidies to farmers as relief for dropping farm prices. 
C)  They refused to create jobs through public works. 
D)  They provided funding for the establishment of additional charitable organizations.

Question 10

Republican leaders saw what development as the key to southern economic reconstruction?

Accepted Answer

A)  railroads 
B)  cotton plantations 
C)  schools 
D)  churches 
A)  railroads 
B)  cotton plantations 
C)  schools 
D)  churches

Question 11

How did the Freedmen's Bureau bring lasting, long-term change to the newly freed slaves in the South?

Accepted Answer

A)  It laid the foundation for southern public education. 
B)  It helped newly freed slaves acquire land. 
C)  It guaranteed voting rights for all African American men. 
D)  It organized military units to protect African Americans from the terror of the Ku Klux Klan. 
A)  It laid the foundation for southern public education. 
B)  It helped newly freed slaves acquire land. 
C)  It guaranteed voting rights for all African American men. 
D)  It organized military units to protect African Americans from the terror of the Ku Klux Klan.

Question 12

Which of these bestowed full citizenship on African Americans, overturned Dred Scott, and invalidated the black codes?

Accepted Answer

A)  First Reconstruction Act 
B)  Civil Rights bill of 1866 
C)  Ku Klux Klan Act 
D)  Joint Committee on Reconstruction 
A)  First Reconstruction Act 
B)  Civil Rights bill of 1866 
C)  Ku Klux Klan Act 
D)  Joint Committee on Reconstruction

Question 13

Radical Republicans countered Lincoln's Ten Percent Plan by calling for loyalty oaths to be taken by __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  all white Southerners 
B)  all freedmen 
C)  50 percent of white male citizens 
D)  all former Confederate officers 
A)  all white Southerners 
B)  all freedmen 
C)  50 percent of white male citizens 
D)  all former Confederate officers

Question 14

Senator Benjamin F. Wade is best described as a __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Peace Democrat 
B)  scalawag 
C)  Radical Republican 
D)  Liberal Republican 
A)  Peace Democrat 
B)  scalawag 
C)  Radical Republican 
D)  Liberal Republican

Question 15

What did Republicans find effective in the 1866 congressional elections?

Accepted Answer

A)  promoting reconstruction as restoration 
B)  siding with white Southerners 
C)  provoking fear of hoards of disaffected ex-slaves 
D)  "waving the bloody shirt" 
A)  promoting reconstruction as restoration 
B)  siding with white Southerners 
C)  provoking fear of hoards of disaffected ex-slaves 
D)  "waving the bloody shirt"

Question 16

Sherman's Special Field Order 15 was intended to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  revolutionize southern society 
B)  set up a guerrilla force 
C)  destroy the wealth of the white civilian population 
D)  deal with the freed refugees who sought refuge with his troops 
A)  revolutionize southern society 
B)  set up a guerrilla force 
C)  destroy the wealth of the white civilian population 
D)  deal with the freed refugees who sought refuge with his troops

Question 17

The Compromise of 1877 ended the strong federal role in __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  protecting the rights of all American citizens 
B)  protecting American industries 
C)  preventing economic downturns 
D)  education 
A)  protecting the rights of all American citizens 
B)  protecting American industries 
C)  preventing economic downturns 
D)  education

Question 18

What did the Civil Rights bill passed in the spring of 1866 do?

Accepted Answer

A)  It gave full U.S. citizenship to African Americans. 
B)  It gave all African Americans the right to a living wage. 
C)  It gave African Americans the right to vote. 
D)  It freed all African American slaves in the United States. 
A)  It gave full U.S. citizenship to African Americans. 
B)  It gave all African Americans the right to a living wage. 
C)  It gave African Americans the right to vote. 
D)  It freed all African American slaves in the United States.

Question 19

Defend or refute the following assertion: "The South lost the war but won the peace."

Accepted Answer

The ideal answer should include:
@#LAT-DLM&Redempt

Question 20

Which statement most accurately describes the role of African American women in the Reconstruction era?

Accepted Answer

A)  They were responsible for domestic duties and child care, as well as seasonal fieldwork for wages. 
B)  They worked wage jobs in the fields alongside men on a full-time basis. 
C)  They were usually better paid than their male counterparts for doing the same work. 
D)  They worked only inside the home performing domestic duties. 
A)  They were responsible for domestic duties and child care, as well as seasonal fieldwork for wages. 
B)  They worked wage jobs in the fields alongside men on a full-time basis. 
C)  They were usually better paid than their male counterparts for doing the same work. 
D)  They worked only inside the home performing domestic duties.

Exam 17: Reconstruction

What was the Freedmen's Bureau and what did it accomplish?

Which statement best assesses the primary way in which Abraham Lincoln's death affected the Reconstruction process?

Which statement would a late-nineteenth-century Liberal Republican have agreed with?

Generally, sharecropping families received __________ of the year's crop.

The premise behind Thaddeus Stevens's view of Reconstruction was that the South should be __________.

The first big businesses in the United States were __________.

Rutherford B. Hayes's election to the presidency in 1876 meant the __________.

To which of the following did Republicans agree as part of the Compromise of 1877?

How did government officials respond to workers' demands for support during the economic depression of 1873?

Republican leaders saw what development as the key to southern economic reconstruction?

How did the Freedmen's Bureau bring lasting, long-term change to the newly freed slaves in the South?

Which of these bestowed full citizenship on African Americans, overturned Dred Scott, and invalidated the black codes?

Radical Republicans countered Lincoln's Ten Percent Plan by calling for loyalty oaths to be taken by __________.

Senator Benjamin F. Wade is best described as a __________.

What did Republicans find effective in the 1866 congressional elections?

Sherman's Special Field Order 15 was intended to __________.

The Compromise of 1877 ended the strong federal role in __________.

What did the Civil Rights bill passed in the spring of 1866 do?

Defend or refute the following assertion: "The South lost the war but won the peace."

Which statement most accurately describes the role of African American women in the Reconstruction era?

A Continent of Villages

When Worlds Collide

Planting Colonies in North America

Slavery and Empire

The Cultures of Colonial North America

From Empire to Independence

The American Revolution

The New Nation

An Empire for Liberty

The South and Slavery

The Growth of Democracy

Industry and the North

Immigration

The Territorial Expansion of the United States

The Coming Crisis

The Civil War

The Trans-Mississippi West

Production and Consumption in the Gilded Age

Democracy and Empire

Urban America and the Progressive Era

The United States in the Era of the Great War

The Twenties

The Great Depression and the New Deal

World War Ii

The Cold War Begins

America at Mid-Century

The Civil Rights Movement

War Abroad

The Conservative Ascendancy

Inequality in the Global Age

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