Question 1

After 1840, what city became the fast-growing hub of the western transportation system?

Accepted Answer

A)  St. Louis 
B)  Cincinnati 
C)  Chicago 
D)  Detroit 
A)  St. Louis 
B)  Cincinnati 
C)  Chicago 
D)  Detroit C

Question 2

What caused the hub of the western distribution system to shift from St. Louis to Chicago after 1840?

Accepted Answer

A)  rapid railroad expansion 
B)  the opening of the Erie Canal 
C)  paving of the National Road with macadam all the way to Chicago 
D)  silting up of the Mississippi River south of St. Louis 
A)  rapid railroad expansion 
B)  the opening of the Erie Canal 
C)  paving of the National Road with macadam all the way to Chicago 
D)  silting up of the Mississippi River south of St. Louis A

Question 3

The history of Lowell epitomizes which transition?

Accepted Answer

A)  the building of the Erie Canal and its subsequent effect on manufacturing 
B)  the economic change from self-sufficient farm families to urban wage workers 
C)  a shift from working class to middle class 
D)  the transformation from a slave to a nonslave labor force 
A)  the building of the Erie Canal and its subsequent effect on manufacturing 
B)  the economic change from self-sufficient farm families to urban wage workers 
C)  a shift from working class to middle class 
D)  the transformation from a slave to a nonslave labor force B

Question 4

In what way was the labor system used to construct the Erie Canal a portent of the future?

Accepted Answer

A)  The use of immigrant labor to build the canal set a pattern for later canal and railroad construction. 
B)  By using heavy mechanical equipment to dig the canal, the project signaled the end of the need for cheap unskilled labor. 
C)  Access to the canal resulted in an increase of products created by nearby residents through the labor-intensive putting-out system. 
D)  The greatest labor source for canal construction was composed of free blacks and runaway slaves from the South. 
A)  The use of immigrant labor to build the canal set a pattern for later canal and railroad construction. 
B)  By using heavy mechanical equipment to dig the canal, the project signaled the end of the need for cheap unskilled labor. 
C)  Access to the canal resulted in an increase of products created by nearby residents through the labor-intensive putting-out system. 
D)  The greatest labor source for canal construction was composed of free blacks and runaway slaves from the South.

Question 5

Why might the Old Northwest by the 1840s be better referred to as the "Yankee" West?

Accepted Answer

A)  At least 40 percent of the migrants to the Old Northwest came from New England. 
B)  Most farms in the Old Northwest were owned by absentee merchant landlords in Boston. 
C)  Dutch settlers from around Yonkers, New York, made up 50 percent of the migrants to the Old Northwest. 
D)  Most of the trade with the Old Northwest was through New England seaports. 
A)  At least 40 percent of the migrants to the Old Northwest came from New England. 
B)  Most farms in the Old Northwest were owned by absentee merchant landlords in Boston. 
C)  Dutch settlers from around Yonkers, New York, made up 50 percent of the migrants to the Old Northwest. 
D)  Most of the trade with the Old Northwest was through New England seaports.

Question 6

How were middle-class women affected by sentimentalism and its hardening into a code of rigid behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  As sentimentalism prioritized social codes over personal feelings, women assumed the responsibility of assuring that their families conformed to these codes. 
B)  Women were given greater opportunities to express their individualism. 
C)  With a greater role in society, women depended less on their families and more on business coworkers. 
D)  As the habits of sentimentalism were widely adopted in society, middle-class women lost their distinctiveness and social status. 
A)  As sentimentalism prioritized social codes over personal feelings, women assumed the responsibility of assuring that their families conformed to these codes. 
B)  Women were given greater opportunities to express their individualism. 
C)  With a greater role in society, women depended less on their families and more on business coworkers. 
D)  As the habits of sentimentalism were widely adopted in society, middle-class women lost their distinctiveness and social status.

Question 7

What impact did mechanization of industry have on skilled workers?

Accepted Answer

A)  Skilled workers in many trades were replaced by unskilled labor. 
B)  Skilled workers worked fewer hours for the same pay. 
C)  Many skilled workers moved into management positions. 
D)  Because their skills were needed to program machines, few skilled workers lost jobs due to mechanization. 
A)  Skilled workers in many trades were replaced by unskilled labor. 
B)  Skilled workers worked fewer hours for the same pay. 
C)  Many skilled workers moved into management positions. 
D)  Because their skills were needed to program machines, few skilled workers lost jobs due to mechanization.

Question 8

Which of these was one of the three key factors in the transformation of the Old Northwest in the first half of the nineteenth century?

Accepted Answer

A)  new strains of wheat 
B)  advances in transportation 
C)  the abolition of slavery 
D)  increased literacy rates 
A)  new strains of wheat 
B)  advances in transportation 
C)  the abolition of slavery 
D)  increased literacy rates

Question 9

Canals and railroads __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  turned towns into cities along their route 
B)  favored greater settlement of the East Coast 
C)  had little immediate impact on social patterns 
D)  were financed mostly by private investors 
A)  turned towns into cities along their route 
B)  favored greater settlement of the East Coast 
C)  had little immediate impact on social patterns 
D)  were financed mostly by private investors

Question 10

Which mode of transportation had the most dramatic impact on American economic life by 1850?

Accepted Answer

A)  steamship 
B)  canal 
C)  road 
D)  railroad 
A)  steamship 
B)  canal 
C)  road 
D)  railroad

Question 11

The core of sentimentalism of the urban middle class developed from __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  romantic love 
B)  nostalgia for imagined preindustrial village security 
C)  the advertising culture of the day 
D)  the increasingly formal nature of social interactions 
A)  romantic love 
B)  nostalgia for imagined preindustrial village security 
C)  the advertising culture of the day 
D)  the increasingly formal nature of social interactions

Question 12

Why did New York governor DeWitt Clinton propose the construction of the Erie Canal?

Accepted Answer

A)  He wanted to link New York City to the Great Lakes through the Hudson River and make it an important center of finance and commerce. 
B)  He wanted a north-south link that connected the northern Atlantic states to the Lower South and its cotton industry. 
C)  He wanted to challenge federal authority and its system of internal improvements by demonstrating that state-funded transportation projects were superior to federal projects. 
D)  He wanted cities along the Ohio River such as Cincinnati to outpace New York City in trade and wealth. 
A)  He wanted to link New York City to the Great Lakes through the Hudson River and make it an important center of finance and commerce. 
B)  He wanted a north-south link that connected the northern Atlantic states to the Lower South and its cotton industry. 
C)  He wanted to challenge federal authority and its system of internal improvements by demonstrating that state-funded transportation projects were superior to federal projects. 
D)  He wanted cities along the Ohio River such as Cincinnati to outpace New York City in trade and wealth.

Question 13

What was the original meaning of the term "free labor" in the early nineteenth century?

Accepted Answer

A)  Workers were free to move to another job whenever they wished. 
B)  Slaves, unlike factory workers, did not have to be paid wages. 
C)  Factory workers were free of the regimentation of farm work. 
D)  Wages were so low that, in effect, factory laborers worked for free. 
A)  Workers were free to move to another job whenever they wished. 
B)  Slaves, unlike factory workers, did not have to be paid wages. 
C)  Factory workers were free of the regimentation of farm work. 
D)  Wages were so low that, in effect, factory laborers worked for free.

Question 14

By 1850, the American transportation network mainly ran __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  from North to South 
B)  from the Northeast to the Midwest 
C)  along rivers 
D)  along the coast 
A)  from North to South 
B)  from the Northeast to the Midwest 
C)  along rivers 
D)  along the coast

Question 15

In addition to improved transportation, what was an important stimulus of growth in the Old Northwest?

Accepted Answer

A)  lower prices and fewer minimum-acre requirements for federal lands 
B)  high cotton prices 
C)  freedom from restrictions of commercial agriculture 
D)  weak family and community ties on a wide-open frontier 
A)  lower prices and fewer minimum-acre requirements for federal lands 
B)  high cotton prices 
C)  freedom from restrictions of commercial agriculture 
D)  weak family and community ties on a wide-open frontier

Question 16

In the mid-nineteenth-century middle-class family, __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  class and status roles became increasingly flexible 
B)  parents had very different expectations for their sons than for their daughters 
C)  boys and girls alike were encouraged to pursue higher education 
D)  men and women played equal roles in the household 
A)  class and status roles became increasingly flexible 
B)  parents had very different expectations for their sons than for their daughters 
C)  boys and girls alike were encouraged to pursue higher education 
D)  men and women played equal roles in the household

Question 17

What impact did the transportation revolution have on the population of the Old Northwest between 1790 and 1850?

Accepted Answer

A)  The population almost quadrupled. 
B)  The population dropped sharply. 
C)  Most of the population growth came from European immigration. 
D)  Migrants from the South made up more than half of the population. 
A)  The population almost quadrupled. 
B)  The population dropped sharply. 
C)  Most of the population growth came from European immigration. 
D)  Migrants from the South made up more than half of the population.

Question 18

In the new middle-class family of the mid-nineteenth century, what was considered to be the "woman's sphere"?

Accepted Answer

A)  home 
B)  politics 
C)  workplace 
D)  scholarship 
A)  home 
B)  politics 
C)  workplace 
D)  scholarship

Question 19

Second Great Awakening evangelist Charles Finney had his greatest influence on __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  working-class men 
B)  poor farmers 
C)  middle-class women 
D)  upper-class men 
A)  working-class men 
B)  poor farmers 
C)  middle-class women 
D)  upper-class men

Question 20

For many industrial workers, the move from farm to factory meant __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a new division between work and leisure 
B)  more free time 
C)  a higher standard of living 
D)  more control of their own lives 
A)  a new division between work and leisure 
B)  more free time 
C)  a higher standard of living 
D)  more control of their own lives

Exam 12: Industry and the North

After 1840, what city became the fast-growing hub of the western transportation system?

What caused the hub of the western distribution system to shift from St. Louis to Chicago after 1840?

The history of Lowell epitomizes which transition?

In what way was the labor system used to construct the Erie Canal a portent of the future?

Why might the Old Northwest by the 1840s be better referred to as the "Yankee" West?

How were middle-class women affected by sentimentalism and its hardening into a code of rigid behavior?

What impact did mechanization of industry have on skilled workers?

Which of these was one of the three key factors in the transformation of the Old Northwest in the first half of the nineteenth century?

Canals and railroads __________.

Which mode of transportation had the most dramatic impact on American economic life by 1850?

The core of sentimentalism of the urban middle class developed from __________.

Why did New York governor DeWitt Clinton propose the construction of the Erie Canal?

What was the original meaning of the term "free labor" in the early nineteenth century?

By 1850, the American transportation network mainly ran __________.

In addition to improved transportation, what was an important stimulus of growth in the Old Northwest?

In the mid-nineteenth-century middle-class family, __________.

What impact did the transportation revolution have on the population of the Old Northwest between 1790 and 1850?

In the new middle-class family of the mid-nineteenth century, what was considered to be the "woman's sphere"?

Second Great Awakening evangelist Charles Finney had his greatest influence on __________.

For many industrial workers, the move from farm to factory meant __________.

A Continent of Villages

When Worlds Collide

Planting Colonies in North America

Slavery and Empire

The Cultures of Colonial North America

From Empire to Independence

The American Revolution

The New Nation

An Empire for Liberty

The South and Slavery

The Growth of Democracy

Immigration

The Territorial Expansion of the United States

The Coming Crisis

The Civil War

Reconstruction

The Trans-Mississippi West

Production and Consumption in the Gilded Age

Democracy and Empire

Urban America and the Progressive Era

The United States in the Era of the Great War

The Twenties

The Great Depression and the New Deal

World War Ii

The Cold War Begins

America at Mid-Century

The Civil Rights Movement

War Abroad

The Conservative Ascendancy

Inequality in the Global Age

Filters