Question 1

Both insects and humans evolved jointed legs to allow locomotion on land.These structures are considered analogous because insects and humans

Accepted Answer

A)  stopped evolving at different times in Earth's history. 
B)  evolved from different ancestors. 
C)  cannot breed. 
D)  faced different environmental challenges during evolutionary time. 
A)  stopped evolving at different times in Earth's history. 
B)  evolved from different ancestors. 
C)  cannot breed. 
D)  faced different environmental challenges during evolutionary time.

Question 2

In a shallow bay,a population of oysters is the food source for the local crabs.The lightest colored oysters blend with the color of the rocks and the darkest colored oysters are concealed in the shadows cast by the rocks.Oysters with an intermediate coloring are easily detected by the crabs and become a tasty meal for them.Over time,fewer and fewer oysters display the intermediate coloring while more oysters are either the lightest coloring or the darkest coloring.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  stabilizing selection. 
B)  directional selection. 
C)  disruptive selection. 
D)  genetic drift. 
A)  stabilizing selection. 
B)  directional selection. 
C)  disruptive selection. 
D)  genetic drift.

Question 3

When individuals with intermediate phenotypes have an advantage over all others in the population,such as the case with human birth weight in the 1930s-1940s,________ selection is the likely mechanism of evolution responsible.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When individuals with intermediate phenotypes have an...

Question 4

What pattern of natural selection is demonstrated by the information in the graph below? What is the selective pressure? What are the relative rates of evolution among the strains of bacteria? Provide your rationale.

Accepted Answer

The information in this graph illustrate

Question 5

Some finches on the Galápagos Islands eat insects,an unusual food for finches to eat.These finches

Accepted Answer

A)  evolved from a lineage of birds other than finches that ate insects. 
B)  learned their habits from local birds. 
C)  switched to insects because they tasted better than their usual food. 
D)  fill roles that birds other than finches would fill in other places. 
A)  evolved from a lineage of birds other than finches that ate insects. 
B)  learned their habits from local birds. 
C)  switched to insects because they tasted better than their usual food. 
D)  fill roles that birds other than finches would fill in other places.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT likely to be a cause of rapid evolution in a population?

Accepted Answer

A)  a changing environment 
B)  an organism that exhibits a rapid rate of mutation 
C)  an organism that reproduces very slowly 
D)  the immigration of individuals carrying a new allele that significantly increases reproductive success 
A)  a changing environment 
B)  an organism that exhibits a rapid rate of mutation 
C)  an organism that reproduces very slowly 
D)  the immigration of individuals carrying a new allele that significantly increases reproductive success

Question 7

Evolution can be described as

Accepted Answer

A)  predesigned change in the genetic characteristics of a population of organisms over time. 
B)  sudden shifts in the genetic characteristics of an individual in a population. 
C)  a change in the genetic characteristics of a population of organisms over time. 
D)  isolation of populations due to geologic forces. 
A)  predesigned change in the genetic characteristics of a population of organisms over time. 
B)  sudden shifts in the genetic characteristics of an individual in a population. 
C)  a change in the genetic characteristics of a population of organisms over time. 
D)  isolation of populations due to geologic forces.

Question 8

Evolutionary changes occur when ________ acts upon populations containing individuals with genetic differences.

Accepted Answer

A)  continental drift 
B)  natural selection 
C)  weather 
D)  mutation 
A)  continental drift 
B)  natural selection 
C)  weather 
D)  mutation

Question 9

Sexual selection can result in an increased frequency of alleles,which

Accepted Answer

A)  may be harmful to the individual's survival but is always beneficial to its reproductive rate. 
B)  are always beneficial to the individual's survival but may be harmful to its reproductive rate. 
C)  are always beneficial to both the individual's survival and reproductive rates. 
D)  may be harmful to both the individual's survival and reproductive rates. 
A)  may be harmful to the individual's survival but is always beneficial to its reproductive rate. 
B)  are always beneficial to the individual's survival but may be harmful to its reproductive rate. 
C)  are always beneficial to both the individual's survival and reproductive rates. 
D)  may be harmful to both the individual's survival and reproductive rates.

Question 10

Jean-Baptiste Lamark proposed that populations evolve when traits acquired during the lifetime of a parent are passed down to offspring.What is wrong with this proposal?

Accepted Answer

A)  Only changes in the DNA sequence of an organism can be inherited.Traits acquired throughout life generally do not involve DNA. 
B)  The environment chooses which traits are necessary for survival rather than the individual. 
C)  Changes in a species occur at the individual level rather than at the population level. 
D)  The inheritance of acquired traits would not lead to speciation because it would cause all of the individuals in a population to become more similar. 
A)  Only changes in the DNA sequence of an organism can be inherited.Traits acquired throughout life generally do not involve DNA. 
B)  The environment chooses which traits are necessary for survival rather than the individual. 
C)  Changes in a species occur at the individual level rather than at the population level. 
D)  The inheritance of acquired traits would not lead to speciation because it would cause all of the individuals in a population to become more similar.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a cause of evolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  mutation 
B)  gene flow 
C)  stable environmental conditions 
D)  sexual selection 
A)  mutation 
B)  gene flow 
C)  stable environmental conditions 
D)  sexual selection

Question 12

In the figure below,the migrating bird is successful at introducing the recessive allele a into population 2 and producing offspring with the Aa genotype.Over time,these offspring mate with each other to produce offspring.Birds of various genotypes from both populations fly back and forth between the populations sharing alleles.Predict the outcome of genotype or allele frequency changes in these two populations after many generations.

Accepted Answer

The two-way gene flow between these two

Question 13

UV light causes mutations within skin cells.Is UV light a major driving force in the evolution of animals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Yes; UV light is always present outside and can produce both favorable and harmful mutations in skin cells.Only the favorable mutations will be passed on to the next generation. 
B)  Yes; a mutation in the skin cell will result in an organism that is better protected from the sun.This individual will be more likely to survive and pass on this mutation to the next generation. 
C)  No; only mutations in gametes will be passed on to the next generation.Only mutations that are passed on to offspring contribute to evolution. 
D)  No; only mutations that have a favorable adaptive quality will be passed on to the next generation.UV light produces only harmful mutations. 
A)  Yes; UV light is always present outside and can produce both favorable and harmful mutations in skin cells.Only the favorable mutations will be passed on to the next generation. 
B)  Yes; a mutation in the skin cell will result in an organism that is better protected from the sun.This individual will be more likely to survive and pass on this mutation to the next generation. 
C)  No; only mutations in gametes will be passed on to the next generation.Only mutations that are passed on to offspring contribute to evolution. 
D)  No; only mutations that have a favorable adaptive quality will be passed on to the next generation.UV light produces only harmful mutations.

Question 14

Gene flow between two populations

Accepted Answer

A)  makes the genetic composition of the two populations more similar. 
B)  eliminates harmful alleles. 
C)  magnifies the effects of genetic drift. 
D)  creates genetic differences between the populations. 
A)  makes the genetic composition of the two populations more similar. 
B)  eliminates harmful alleles. 
C)  magnifies the effects of genetic drift. 
D)  creates genetic differences between the populations.

Question 15

In natural selection,________ that increase survival and reproductive success become more common in a population.

Accepted Answer

A)  genotypes 
B)  allele frequencies 
C)  bottlenecks 
D)  phenotypes 
A)  genotypes 
B)  allele frequencies 
C)  bottlenecks 
D)  phenotypes

Question 16

A mutation in a gene produces the identical protein to the original gene and,therefore,an identical trait.Will evolution act upon this mutation?

Accepted Answer

A)  No,because evolution acts upon phenotypes. 
B)  Yes,because evolution acts upon phenotypes. 
C)  Yes,because mutations do contribute to evolution. 
D)  No,because mutations do not contribute to evolution. 
A)  No,because evolution acts upon phenotypes. 
B)  Yes,because evolution acts upon phenotypes. 
C)  Yes,because mutations do contribute to evolution. 
D)  No,because mutations do not contribute to evolution.

Question 17

When individuals with intermediate values of an inherited phenotypic trait,like head circumference at birth,have an advantage over other individuals in the population,________ is the apparent pattern of natural selection.

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic drift 
B)  disruptive selection 
C)  directional selection 
D)  stabilizing selection 
A)  genetic drift 
B)  disruptive selection 
C)  directional selection 
D)  stabilizing selection

Question 18

Evaluate the accuracy of the following statement: "Individuals evolve by becoming more adapted to their environment." Explain how you reached your conclusion.

Accepted Answer

This statement is false because individu

Question 19

In the following figure,the flying bird moves permanently into the population shown on land.As a result,the allele frequency of A in the population changes from

Accepted Answer

A)  1 to 0.75. 
B)  0 to 0.25. 
C)  0 to 0.75. 
D)  1 to 0.25. 
A)  1 to 0.75. 
B)  0 to 0.25. 
C)  0 to 0.75. 
D)  1 to 0.25.

Question 20

Compared to a large mainland population,genetic drift in a small island population is________ important because________.

Accepted Answer

A)  less; there is less variation with which to work 
B)  less; only a few individuals do all the breeding 
C)  more; of a smaller gene pool. 
D)  more; of the absence of competition. 
A)  less; there is less variation with which to work 
B)  less; only a few individuals do all the breeding 
C)  more; of a smaller gene pool. 
D)  more; of the absence of competition.

Both insects and humans evolved jointed legs to allow locomotion on land.These structures are considered analogous because insects and humans

When individuals with intermediate phenotypes have an advantage over all others in the population,such as the case with human birth weight in the 1930s-1940s,________ selection is the likely mechanism of evolution responsible.

What pattern of natural selection is demonstrated by the information in the graph below? What is the selective pressure? What are the relative rates of evolution among the strains of bacteria? Provide your rationale.

Some finches on the Galápagos Islands eat insects,an unusual food for finches to eat.These finches

Which of the following is NOT likely to be a cause of rapid evolution in a population?

Evolution can be described as

Evolutionary changes occur when ________ acts upon populations containing individuals with genetic differences.

Sexual selection can result in an increased frequency of alleles,which

Jean-Baptiste Lamark proposed that populations evolve when traits acquired during the lifetime of a parent are passed down to offspring.What is wrong with this proposal?

Which of the following is NOT a cause of evolution?

UV light causes mutations within skin cells.Is UV light a major driving force in the evolution of animals?

Gene flow between two populations

In natural selection,________ that increase survival and reproductive success become more common in a population.

A mutation in a gene produces the identical protein to the original gene and,therefore,an identical trait.Will evolution act upon this mutation?

When individuals with intermediate values of an inherited phenotypic trait,like head circumference at birth,have an advantage over other individuals in the population,________ is the apparent pattern of natural selection.

Evaluate the accuracy of the following statement: "Individuals evolve by becoming more adapted to their environment." Explain how you reached your conclusion.

In the following figure,the flying bird moves permanently into the population shown on land.As a result,the allele frequency of A in the population changes from

Compared to a large mainland population,genetic drift in a small island population is important because.

The Nature of Science

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How Cells Work

Cell Division

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Exam 12: Mechanisms of Evolution

Both insects and humans evolved jointed legs to allow locomotion on land.These structures are considered analogous because insects and humans

When individuals with intermediate phenotypes have an advantage over all others in the population,such as the case with human birth weight in the 1930s-1940s,________ selection is the likely mechanism of evolution responsible.

What pattern of natural selection is demonstrated by the information in the graph below? What is the selective pressure? What are the relative rates of evolution among the strains of bacteria? Provide your rationale.

Some finches on the Galápagos Islands eat insects,an unusual food for finches to eat.These finches

Which of the following is NOT likely to be a cause of rapid evolution in a population?

Evolution can be described as

Evolutionary changes occur when ________ acts upon populations containing individuals with genetic differences.

Sexual selection can result in an increased frequency of alleles,which

Jean-Baptiste Lamark proposed that populations evolve when traits acquired during the lifetime of a parent are passed down to offspring.What is wrong with this proposal?

Which of the following is NOT a cause of evolution?

UV light causes mutations within skin cells.Is UV light a major driving force in the evolution of animals?

Gene flow between two populations

In natural selection,________ that increase survival and reproductive success become more common in a population.

A mutation in a gene produces the identical protein to the original gene and,therefore,an identical trait.Will evolution act upon this mutation?

When individuals with intermediate values of an inherited phenotypic trait,like head circumference at birth,have an advantage over other individuals in the population,________ is the apparent pattern of natural selection.

Evaluate the accuracy of the following statement: "Individuals evolve by becoming more adapted to their environment." Explain how you reached your conclusion.

In the following figure,the flying bird moves permanently into the population shown on land.As a result,the allele frequency of A in the population changes from

Compared to a large mainland population,genetic drift in a small island population is________ important because________.

The Nature of Science

Evaluating Scientific Claims

Chemistry of Life

Life Is Cellular

How Cells Work

Cell Division

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

What Genes Are

How Genes Work

Evidence for Evolution

Adaptation and Species

The History of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Plants,fungi,and Protists

Animals and Human Evolution

Filters

Compared to a large mainland population,genetic drift in a small island population is important because.