Question 1

The most common type of rock on the seafloor is

Accepted Answer

A) granite. 
B) andesite. 
C) basalt. 
D) limestone. 
A) granite. 
B) andesite. 
C) basalt. 
D) limestone.

Question 2

The sand budget of a beach is related to

Accepted Answer

A) the amount of sand that is deposited. 
B) the amount of sand that is eroded. 
C) the amount of sand that is both deposited and eroded. 
D) the amount of sand-sized particles relative to the amount of silt-sized particles. 
A) the amount of sand that is deposited. 
B) the amount of sand that is eroded. 
C) the amount of sand that is both deposited and eroded. 
D) the amount of sand-sized particles relative to the amount of silt-sized particles.

Question 3

How deep is the deepest part of the ocean?

Accepted Answer

A) approximately 1 kilometer deep 
B) approximately 10 kilometers deep 
C) approximately 3 kilometers deep 
D) approximately 30 kilometers deep 
A) approximately 1 kilometer deep 
B) approximately 10 kilometers deep 
C) approximately 3 kilometers deep 
D) approximately 30 kilometers deep

Question 4

How has sea level changed over the past century?

Accepted Answer

A) dropped 2 to 5 m 
B) risen 10 to 25 cm 
C) dropped 10 to 25 cm 
D) risen 2 to 5 m 
A) dropped 2 to 5 m 
B) risen 10 to 25 cm 
C) dropped 10 to 25 cm 
D) risen 2 to 5 m

Question 5

The shells of diatoms and radiolaria,which accumulate on the abyssal plain,are composed of

Accepted Answer

A) calcium carbonate. 
B) iron sulfide. 
C) silica. 
D) sodium chloride. 
A) calcium carbonate. 
B) iron sulfide. 
C) silica. 
D) sodium chloride.

Question 6

The extra-low tides that occur when the Sun,Earth,and Moon form a right angle are called ______ tides.

Accepted Answer

A) autumn 
B) neap 
C) quarter 
D) spring 
A) autumn 
B) neap 
C) quarter 
D) spring

Question 7

Which of the following is in order of increasing intensity?

Accepted Answer

A) hurricane,tropical storm,tropical depression 
B) tropical storm,tropical depression,hurricane 
C) tropical depression,hurricane,tropical storm 
D) tropical depression,tropical storm,hurricane 
A) hurricane,tropical storm,tropical depression 
B) tropical storm,tropical depression,hurricane 
C) tropical depression,hurricane,tropical storm 
D) tropical depression,tropical storm,hurricane

Question 8

The collapse of the New Orleans levee system during the 2005 Katrina hurricane was caused by the

Accepted Answer

A) high winds. 
B) rip currents. 
C) storm surge. 
D) large swells. 
A) high winds. 
B) rip currents. 
C) storm surge. 
D) large swells.

Question 9

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) The continental shelf and continental slope are both shaped by turbidity currents. 
B) The continental shelf is shaped by turbidity currents,whereas the continental slope is shaped by waves. 
C) The continental shelf is shaped by waves,whereas the continental slope is shaped by turbidity currents. 
D) The continental shelf and continental slope are both shaped by waves. 
A) The continental shelf and continental slope are both shaped by turbidity currents. 
B) The continental shelf is shaped by turbidity currents,whereas the continental slope is shaped by waves. 
C) The continental shelf is shaped by waves,whereas the continental slope is shaped by turbidity currents. 
D) The continental shelf and continental slope are both shaped by waves.

Question 10

The Saffir-Simpson Intensity Scale intensity scale for hurricanes is based on

Accepted Answer

A) the areal extent of the hurricane. 
B) the size of the "eye" of the hurricane. 
C) the maximum wind speed. 
D) the expected damage and flooding from the storm. 
A) the areal extent of the hurricane. 
B) the size of the "eye" of the hurricane. 
C) the maximum wind speed. 
D) the expected damage and flooding from the storm.

Question 11

Approximately,at what depth does the ocean water become undersaturated with respect to calcium carbonate?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 km 
B) 2 km 
C) 4 km 
D) 5 km 
A) 1 km 
B) 2 km 
C) 4 km 
D) 5 km

Question 12

The best policy when it comes to beach preservation is to

Accepted Answer

A) build groins. 
B) build seawalls. 
C) transfer the sand from one beach to another. 
D) leave it alone. 
A) build groins. 
B) build seawalls. 
C) transfer the sand from one beach to another. 
D) leave it alone.

Question 13

The Saffir-Simpson Intensity Scale value for a given hurricane is assigned

Accepted Answer

A) before the hurricane hits land. 
B) when the storm hits the beaches. 
C) following the storm,once damage has been assessed. 
D) while the hurricane is still active on land. 
A) before the hurricane hits land. 
B) when the storm hits the beaches. 
C) following the storm,once damage has been assessed. 
D) while the hurricane is still active on land.

Question 14

Which of the following regions is a broad,flat,sand- and mud-covered platform that is part of the continent but slightly submerged?

Accepted Answer

A) the abyssal plain 
B) the continental rise 
C) the continental shelf 
D) the continental slope 
A) the abyssal plain 
B) the continental rise 
C) the continental shelf 
D) the continental slope

Question 15

Which of the sequences below shows changes in a swell from sea to land?

Accepted Answer

A) surf,swash,breaker 
B) swash,breaker,surf 
C) breaker,swash,surf 
D) breaker,surf,swash 
A) surf,swash,breaker 
B) swash,breaker,surf 
C) breaker,swash,surf 
D) breaker,surf,swash

Question 16

Which of the following describes pelagic sediments?

Accepted Answer

A) deposited far from continental margins 
B) fine-grained 
C) settled very slowly to the seafloor 
D) deposited far from continental margins,fine-grained,and settled very slowly to the seafloor 
A) deposited far from continental margins 
B) fine-grained 
C) settled very slowly to the seafloor 
D) deposited far from continental margins,fine-grained,and settled very slowly to the seafloor

Question 17

Economically,which of the following is most valuable?

Accepted Answer

A) mid-ocan ridge 
B) continental rise 
C) continental slope 
D) continental shelf 
A) mid-ocan ridge 
B) continental rise 
C) continental slope 
D) continental shelf

Question 18

A traverse from North America across the Atlantic Ocean to continental Europe would reveal that the ocean floor

Accepted Answer

A) has high undersea mountains near both continents and is flat in the middle. 
B) has deep trenches near both continents. 
C) has a number of active volcanoes along most of the width of the traverse. 
D) is approximately symmetric about the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. 
A) has high undersea mountains near both continents and is flat in the middle. 
B) has deep trenches near both continents. 
C) has a number of active volcanoes along most of the width of the traverse. 
D) is approximately symmetric about the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.

Question 19

Guyots differ from regular seamounts in that

Accepted Answer

A) they have flat tops,whereas seamounts have peaks. 
B) seamounts have flat tops,whereas guyots have peaks. 
C) guyots are only found in the Pacific Ocean. 
D) they form during volcanism,whereas seamounts do not. 
A) they have flat tops,whereas seamounts have peaks. 
B) seamounts have flat tops,whereas guyots have peaks. 
C) guyots are only found in the Pacific Ocean. 
D) they form during volcanism,whereas seamounts do not.

Question 20

Which of the following are flat-topped seamounts,resulting from erosion of an island volcano when it was above sea level?

Accepted Answer

A) guyots 
B) mesas 
C) pediments 
D) stacks 
A) guyots 
B) mesas 
C) pediments 
D) stacks

Exam 20: Coastlines and Ocean Basins

The most common type of rock on the seafloor is

The sand budget of a beach is related to

How deep is the deepest part of the ocean?

How has sea level changed over the past century?

The shells of diatoms and radiolaria,which accumulate on the abyssal plain,are composed of

The extra-low tides that occur when the Sun,Earth,and Moon form a right angle are called ______ tides.

Which of the following is in order of increasing intensity?

The collapse of the New Orleans levee system during the 2005 Katrina hurricane was caused by the

Which of the following statements is true?

The Saffir-Simpson Intensity Scale intensity scale for hurricanes is based on

Approximately,at what depth does the ocean water become undersaturated with respect to calcium carbonate?

The best policy when it comes to beach preservation is to

The Saffir-Simpson Intensity Scale value for a given hurricane is assigned

Which of the following regions is a broad,flat,sand- and mud-covered platform that is part of the continent but slightly submerged?

Which of the sequences below shows changes in a swell from sea to land?

Which of the following describes pelagic sediments?

Economically,which of the following is most valuable?

A traverse from North America across the Atlantic Ocean to continental Europe would reveal that the ocean floor

Guyots differ from regular seamounts in that

Which of the following are flat-topped seamounts,resulting from erosion of an island volcano when it was above sea level?

The Earth System

Plate Tectonics: The Unifying Theory

Earth Materials: Minerals and Rocks

Igneous Rocks: Solids From Melts

Sedimentation: Rocks Formed by Surface Processes

Metamorphism: Alteration of Rocks by Temperature and Pressure

Deformation: Modification of Rocks by Folding and Fracturing

Clocks in Rocks: Timing the Geologic Period

Early History of the Terrestrial Planets

History of the Continents

Geobiology: Life Interacts With Earth

Volcanoes

Earthquakes

Exploring Earths Interior

The Climate System

Weathering,erosion,and Mass Wasting: Interactions Between the Climate and Plate Tectonic Systems

The Hydrologic Cycle and Groundwater

Stream Transport: From Mountains to Oceans

Winds and Deserts

Glaciers: the Work of Ice

Landscapes: Tectonic and Climate Interaction

The Human Impact of Earths Environment

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