Question 1

What information do geologists use to estimate speeds of ancient rivers?

Accepted Answer

A) sediment type 
B) grain size 
C) channel dimensions 
D) chemistry of the sediments 
A) sediment type 
B) grain size 
C) channel dimensions 
D) chemistry of the sediments

Question 2

The process whereby streams break apart and erode rock is called

Accepted Answer

A) abrasion. 
B) discharge. 
C) superposition. 
D) transport. 
A) abrasion. 
B) discharge. 
C) superposition. 
D) transport.

Question 3

Which of the following depositional settings consists primarily of fine-grained silt and mud?

Accepted Answer

A) stream channels 
B) floodplains 
C) natural levees 
D) point bars 
A) stream channels 
B) floodplains 
C) natural levees 
D) point bars

Question 4

Which of the following statements regarding stream terraces is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Terraces are composed of bedrock and form as a result of rapid subsidence. 
B) Terraces are composed of bedrock and form as a result of rapid uplift. 
C) Terraces are composed of floodplain deposits and form as a result of rapid subsidence. 
D) Terraces are composed of floodplain deposits and form as a result of rapid uplift. 
A) Terraces are composed of bedrock and form as a result of rapid subsidence. 
B) Terraces are composed of bedrock and form as a result of rapid uplift. 
C) Terraces are composed of floodplain deposits and form as a result of rapid subsidence. 
D) Terraces are composed of floodplain deposits and form as a result of rapid uplift.

Question 5

At a bend in a river,______ occurs on the outside of the bend and ______ occurs on the inside of the bend.

Accepted Answer

A) deposition; deposition 
B) erosion; deposition 
C) deposition; erosion 
D) erosion; erosion 
A) deposition; deposition 
B) erosion; deposition 
C) deposition; erosion 
D) erosion; erosion

Question 6

Oxbow lakes are associated with which of the following types of rivers?

Accepted Answer

A) braided rivers 
B) dendritic rivers 
C) meandering rivers 
D) straight rivers 
A) braided rivers 
B) dendritic rivers 
C) meandering rivers 
D) straight rivers

Question 7

What is the correct sequence of sedimentary layers in a delta (top to bottom)?

Accepted Answer

A) topset,middleset,bottomset 
B) highset,middleset,lowset 
C) topset,bar sand,foreset,bottomset 
D) topset,foreset,bar sand,bottomset 
A) topset,middleset,bottomset 
B) highset,middleset,lowset 
C) topset,bar sand,foreset,bottomset 
D) topset,foreset,bar sand,bottomset

Question 8

Which of the following lakes is the world's largest and deepest?

Accepted Answer

A) Great Salt Lake,North America 
B) Lake Superior,North America 
C) Lake Baikal,Asia 
D) Lake Victoria,Africa 
A) Great Salt Lake,North America 
B) Lake Superior,North America 
C) Lake Baikal,Asia 
D) Lake Victoria,Africa

Question 9

In an alluvial fan,the coarsest material would be deposited

Accepted Answer

A) on the steep,upper slopes of the fan. 
B) on the gentle,lower slopes of the fan. 
C) approximately halfway between the steep slopes of the mountains and the gentle slopes of the plains. 
D) where two fans interfere or overlap each other. 
A) on the steep,upper slopes of the fan. 
B) on the gentle,lower slopes of the fan. 
C) approximately halfway between the steep slopes of the mountains and the gentle slopes of the plains. 
D) where two fans interfere or overlap each other.

Question 10

Why is the Mississippi delta so large?

Accepted Answer

A) because the Mississippi River transports a huge amount of sediment 
B) because tides in the Gulf of Mexico are not very strong 
C) because waves in the Gulf of Mexico are not very strong 
D) all of the above 
A) because the Mississippi River transports a huge amount of sediment 
B) because tides in the Gulf of Mexico are not very strong 
C) because waves in the Gulf of Mexico are not very strong 
D) all of the above

Question 11

A stream that existed before the present day topography was created is a(n)______ stream.

Accepted Answer

A) superposed 
B) dendritic 
C) antecedent 
D) preformational 
A) superposed 
B) dendritic 
C) antecedent 
D) preformational

Question 12

The nature of fluid flow (turbulent versus laminar)is independent of

Accepted Answer

A) fluid velocity. 
B) fluid viscosity. 
C) channel dimensions. 
D) load. 
A) fluid velocity. 
B) fluid viscosity. 
C) channel dimensions. 
D) load.

Question 13

Because of human activity,sediment transported by streams has

Accepted Answer

A) decreased dramatically. 
B) remained constant. 
C) increased dramatically. 
D) decreased by a minor amount. 
A) decreased dramatically. 
B) remained constant. 
C) increased dramatically. 
D) decreased by a minor amount.

Question 14

Where do rapids form in a river?

Accepted Answer

A) where the flow is slow 
B) where the flow moderate 
C) where the flow is fast 
D) where the flow is very fast 
A) where the flow is slow 
B) where the flow moderate 
C) where the flow is fast 
D) where the flow is very fast

Question 15

If a dam is built,sediment will __________ on the upstream side of the dam and sediment will ___________ on the downstream side of the dam.

Accepted Answer

A) accumulate; accumulate 
B) erode; accumulate 
C) accumulate; erode 
D) erode; erode 
A) accumulate; accumulate 
B) erode; accumulate 
C) accumulate; erode 
D) erode; erode

Question 16

A drainage divide is

Accepted Answer

A) a fork in the river. 
B) a topographic high that separates stream systems. 
C) a ridge between gullies. 
D) a piece of land between tributaries. 
A) a fork in the river. 
B) a topographic high that separates stream systems. 
C) a ridge between gullies. 
D) a piece of land between tributaries.

Question 17

In which of the following locations would one most likely find a braided stream?

Accepted Answer

A) at the edge of a melting glacier 
B) on a gently sloping plain of fine-grained sediment 
C) in a narrow gorge cut into bedrock 
D) in/on all of the above 
A) at the edge of a melting glacier 
B) on a gently sloping plain of fine-grained sediment 
C) in a narrow gorge cut into bedrock 
D) in/on all of the above

Question 18

The ____________ dictate(s)a drainage pattern.

Accepted Answer

A) lithology of the underlying bedrock units. 
B) geologic structures in the bedrock units. 
C) shape of the land surface. 
D) lithology of the underlying bedrock units,geologic structures in the bedrock units,and the shape of the land surface. 
A) lithology of the underlying bedrock units. 
B) geologic structures in the bedrock units. 
C) shape of the land surface. 
D) lithology of the underlying bedrock units,geologic structures in the bedrock units,and the shape of the land surface.

Question 19

Which of the following particles is the most easily eroded from the bed of a stream?

Accepted Answer

A) boulders 
B) cohesive clay 
C) pebbles 
D) sand 
A) boulders 
B) cohesive clay 
C) pebbles 
D) sand

Question 20

All else being equal,high viscosity fluids should flow ______ with _____ streamlines in comparison with low viscosity fluids.

Accepted Answer

A) slower; straight 
B) slower; crossing 
C) faster; straight 
D) faster; crossing 
A) slower; straight 
B) slower; crossing 
C) faster; straight 
D) faster; crossing

Exam 18: Stream Transport: From Mountains to Oceans

What information do geologists use to estimate speeds of ancient rivers?

The process whereby streams break apart and erode rock is called

Which of the following depositional settings consists primarily of fine-grained silt and mud?

Which of the following statements regarding stream terraces is true?

At a bend in a river,______ occurs on the outside of the bend and ______ occurs on the inside of the bend.

Oxbow lakes are associated with which of the following types of rivers?

What is the correct sequence of sedimentary layers in a delta (top to bottom)?

Which of the following lakes is the world's largest and deepest?

In an alluvial fan,the coarsest material would be deposited

Why is the Mississippi delta so large?

A stream that existed before the present day topography was created is a(n)______ stream.

The nature of fluid flow (turbulent versus laminar)is independent of

Because of human activity,sediment transported by streams has

Where do rapids form in a river?

If a dam is built,sediment will __________ on the upstream side of the dam and sediment will ___________ on the downstream side of the dam.

A drainage divide is

In which of the following locations would one most likely find a braided stream?

The ____________ dictate(s)a drainage pattern.

Which of the following particles is the most easily eroded from the bed of a stream?

All else being equal,high viscosity fluids should flow ______ with _____ streamlines in comparison with low viscosity fluids.

The Earth System

Plate Tectonics: The Unifying Theory

Earth Materials: Minerals and Rocks

Igneous Rocks: Solids From Melts

Sedimentation: Rocks Formed by Surface Processes

Metamorphism: Alteration of Rocks by Temperature and Pressure

Deformation: Modification of Rocks by Folding and Fracturing

Clocks in Rocks: Timing the Geologic Period

Early History of the Terrestrial Planets

History of the Continents

Geobiology: Life Interacts With Earth

Volcanoes

Earthquakes

Exploring Earths Interior

The Climate System

Weathering,erosion,and Mass Wasting: Interactions Between the Climate and Plate Tectonic Systems

The Hydrologic Cycle and Groundwater

Winds and Deserts

Coastlines and Ocean Basins

Glaciers: the Work of Ice

Landscapes: Tectonic and Climate Interaction

The Human Impact of Earths Environment

Filters

At a bend in a river, occurs on the outside of the bend and occurs on the inside of the bend.

If a dam is built,sediment will on the upstream side of the dam and sediment will _ on the downstream side of the dam.

All else being equal,high viscosity fluids should flow __ with _ streamlines in comparison with low viscosity fluids.