Question 1

Twins that arise from two separately fertilized ova are known as which one of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Monozygotic 
B)  Monochorionic 
C)  Diamniotic 
D)  Dizygotic 
A)  Monozygotic 
B)  Monochorionic 
C)  Diamniotic 
D)  Dizygotic D

Question 2

Which one of the following terms is used for a monochorionic twin pregnancy in which one fetus develops without a heart or upper body?

Accepted Answer

A)  Conjoined twins 
B)  Stuck twin 
C)  Acardiac anomaly 
D)  Twin-to-twin transfusion 
A)  Conjoined twins 
B)  Stuck twin 
C)  Acardiac anomaly 
D)  Twin-to-twin transfusion C

Question 3

Which one of the following is the most frequent cause of nonimmune hydrops?

Accepted Answer

A)  Duodenal atresia 
B)  Congenital nephrotic syndrome 
C)  Umbilical cord anomalies 
D)  Cardiovascular lesions 
A)  Duodenal atresia 
B)  Congenital nephrotic syndrome 
C)  Umbilical cord anomalies 
D)  Cardiovascular lesions D

Question 4

Hypertensive pregnancies may be associated with which one of the following abnormalities?

Accepted Answer

A)  Macrosomia 
B)  Small placentas 
C)  Large placentas 
D)  Caudal regression syndrome 
A)  Macrosomia 
B)  Small placentas 
C)  Large placentas 
D)  Caudal regression syndrome

Question 5

Stuck twin syndrome is usually observed between _____ and _____ weeks of gestation.

Accepted Answer

A)  12; 14 
B)  12; 24 
C)  16; 20 
D)  16; 26 
A)  12; 14 
B)  12; 24 
C)  16; 20 
D)  16; 26

Question 6

Secondary to pregnancy-induced hypertension, the occurrence of a coma or seizures in the patient during the second and third trimesters represents which one of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Erythroblastosis fetalis 
B)  Eclampsia 
C)  Hydrops 
D)  Alloimmune thrombocytopenia 
A)  Erythroblastosis fetalis 
B)  Eclampsia 
C)  Hydrops 
D)  Alloimmune thrombocytopenia

Question 7

Skeletal and central nervous system congenital anomalies in infants of diabetic mothers include all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)  macrocephaly. 
B)  neural tube defects. 
C)  anencephaly. 
D)  caudal regression syndrome. 
A)  macrocephaly. 
B)  neural tube defects. 
C)  anencephaly. 
D)  caudal regression syndrome.

Question 8

Sonographic findings of fetal hydrops in an isoimmunized pregnancy include all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)  pleural effusion. 
B)  polyhydramnios. 
C)  thinning placenta. 
D)  pericardial effusion. 
A)  pleural effusion. 
B)  polyhydramnios. 
C)  thinning placenta. 
D)  pericardial effusion.

Question 9

Which one of the following statements about twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The venous blood of one twin is pumped into the arterial system of the other twin. 
B)  The arterial blood of one twin is pumped into the venous system of the other twin. 
C)  This syndrome is a common complication of multiple gestations. 
D)  Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome occurs between the fetal umbilical cords. 
A)  The venous blood of one twin is pumped into the arterial system of the other twin. 
B)  The arterial blood of one twin is pumped into the venous system of the other twin. 
C)  This syndrome is a common complication of multiple gestations. 
D)  Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome occurs between the fetal umbilical cords.

Question 10

Poly-oli sequence is also known as which one of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Acardiac anomaly 
B)  Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome 
C)  Spalding sign 
D)  Stuck twin syndrome 
A)  Acardiac anomaly 
B)  Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome 
C)  Spalding sign 
D)  Stuck twin syndrome

Question 11

The caudal regression syndrome is found most commonly in patients with which one of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Systemic lupus erythematosus 
B)  Premature rupture of membranes 
C)  Diabetes 
D)  Hypertension 
A)  Systemic lupus erythematosus 
B)  Premature rupture of membranes 
C)  Diabetes 
D)  Hypertension

Question 12

Fetal death that occurs after the fetus has reached a certain growth that is too large to resorb into the uterus is which one of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Spalding sign 
B)  Nonimmune hydrops 
C)  Fetus papyraceous 
D)  Stuck twin 
A)  Spalding sign 
B)  Nonimmune hydrops 
C)  Fetus papyraceous 
D)  Stuck twin

Question 13

Which one of the following is defined as the appearance of overlapping skull bones that indicates fetal death?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fetus papyraceous 
B)  Cranial regression syndrome 
C)  Spalding sign 
D)  Lemon sign 
A)  Fetus papyraceous 
B)  Cranial regression syndrome 
C)  Spalding sign 
D)  Lemon sign

Question 14

Predictors of discordance in the growth of twins include all except which one of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Difference in estimated fetal weight greater than 20% 
B)  Difference in biparietal diameter of 10 mm or greater 
C)  Difference in abdominal circumference of 20 mm or greater 
D)  Difference in femur length of 5 mm or greater 
A)  Difference in estimated fetal weight greater than 20% 
B)  Difference in biparietal diameter of 10 mm or greater 
C)  Difference in abdominal circumference of 20 mm or greater 
D)  Difference in femur length of 5 mm or greater

Question 15

Which one of the following complications of pregnancy is characterized by increasing hypertension, proteinuria, and edema?

Accepted Answer

A)  Preeclampsia 
B)  Fetal hydrops 
C)  Thrombocytopenia 
D)  Diabetes 
A)  Preeclampsia 
B)  Fetal hydrops 
C)  Thrombocytopenia 
D)  Diabetes

Question 16

Which one of the following terms describes a group of conditions in which hydrops is present in the fetus but is not a result of fetomaternal blood group incompatibility?

Accepted Answer

A)  Immune hydrops 
B)  Toxemia 
C)  Hyperemesis gravidarum 
D)  Nonimmune hydrops (NIH) 
A)  Immune hydrops 
B)  Toxemia 
C)  Hyperemesis gravidarum 
D)  Nonimmune hydrops (NIH)

Question 17

Hydrops caused by fetal tachycardia most commonly demonstrates a heart rate ranging between ______ and ______ beats per minute (bpm).

Accepted Answer

A)  160; 200 
B)  200; 240 
C)  210; 250 
D)  225; 250 
A)  160; 200 
B)  200; 240 
C)  210; 250 
D)  225; 250

Question 18

A diamniotic and dichorionic twin pregnancy demonstrates which one of the following sonographic findings?

Accepted Answer

A)  Two gestational sacs and one placenta 
B)  Two gestational sacs and two placentas 
C)  One gestational sac and two placentas 
D)  Two gestational sacs and one embryo 
A)  Two gestational sacs and one placenta 
B)  Two gestational sacs and two placentas 
C)  One gestational sac and two placentas 
D)  Two gestational sacs and one embryo

Question 19

Premature labor is defined as the onset of labor before _____ weeks of gestation.

Accepted Answer

A)  37 
B)  38 
C)  39 
D)  40 
A)  37 
B)  38 
C)  39 
D)  40

Question 20

Caudal regression syndrome is described as which one of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lacks the development of caudal nerves 
B)  Lacks the development of the caudal spine and cord 
C)  Is associated with chromosome abnormalities 
D)  Is observed in systemic lupus erythematosus 
A)  Lacks the development of caudal nerves 
B)  Lacks the development of the caudal spine and cord 
C)  Is associated with chromosome abnormalities 
D)  Is observed in systemic lupus erythematosus

Exam 54: Sonography and High-Risk Pregnancy

Twins that arise from two separately fertilized ova are known as which one of the following?

Which one of the following terms is used for a monochorionic twin pregnancy in which one fetus develops without a heart or upper body?

Which one of the following is the most frequent cause of nonimmune hydrops?

Hypertensive pregnancies may be associated with which one of the following abnormalities?

Stuck twin syndrome is usually observed between _____ and _____ weeks of gestation.

Secondary to pregnancy-induced hypertension, the occurrence of a coma or seizures in the patient during the second and third trimesters represents which one of the following?

Skeletal and central nervous system congenital anomalies in infants of diabetic mothers include all of the following except:

Sonographic findings of fetal hydrops in an isoimmunized pregnancy include all of the following except:

Which one of the following statements about twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome is true?

Poly-oli sequence is also known as which one of the following?

The caudal regression syndrome is found most commonly in patients with which one of the following?

Fetal death that occurs after the fetus has reached a certain growth that is too large to resorb into the uterus is which one of the following?

Which one of the following is defined as the appearance of overlapping skull bones that indicates fetal death?

Predictors of discordance in the growth of twins include all except which one of the following?

Which one of the following complications of pregnancy is characterized by increasing hypertension, proteinuria, and edema?

Which one of the following terms describes a group of conditions in which hydrops is present in the fetus but is not a result of fetomaternal blood group incompatibility?

Hydrops caused by fetal tachycardia most commonly demonstrates a heart rate ranging between ______ and ______ beats per minute (bpm).

A diamniotic and dichorionic twin pregnancy demonstrates which one of the following sonographic findings?

Premature labor is defined as the onset of labor before _____ weeks of gestation.

Caudal regression syndrome is described as which one of the following?

Foundations of Clinical Sonography

Essentials of Patient Care for the Sonographer

Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Issues in Sonography

Anatomic and Physiologic Relationships Within the Abdominopelvic Cavity

Comparative Sectional Anatomy of the Abdominopelvic Cavity

Basic Ultrasound Imaging: Techniques, Terminology, and Tips

Imaging and Doppler Artifacts

Vascular System

Liver

Gallbladder and the Biliary System

Spleen

Pancreas

Gastrointestinal Tract

Peritoneal Cavity and Abdominal Wall

Urinary System

Retroperitoneum

Abdominal Applications of Ultrasound Contrast Agents

Ultrasound-Guided Interventional Techniques

Emergent Ultrasound Procedures

Sonographic Techniques in the Transplant Patient

Breast

Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands

Scrotum

Musculoskeletal System

Neonatal and Pediatric Abdomen

Neonatal and Pediatric Adrenal and Urinary System

Neonatal and Infant Head

Infant and Pediatric Hip

The Neonatal and Infant Spine

Anatomic and Physiologic Relationships Within the Thoracic Cavity

Understanding Hemodynamics

Introduction to Echocardiographic Techniques, Terminology, and Tips

Introduction to Clinical Echocardiography: Left-Sided Valvular Heart Disease

Introduction to Clinical Echocardiography: Pericardial Disease, Cardiomyopathies, and Tumors

Fetal Echocardiography: Beyond the Four Chambers

Fetal Echocardiography: Congenital Heart Disease

Extracranial Cerebrovascular Evaluation

Intracranial Cerebrovascular Evaluation

Peripheral Arterial Evaluation

Peripheral Venous Evaluation

Normal Anatomy and Physiology of the Female Pelvis

Sonographic and Doppler Evaluation of the Female Pelvis

Pathology of the Uterus

Pathology of the Ovaries

Pathology of the Adnexa

Role of Ultrasound in Evaluating Female Infertility

Role of Sonography in Obstetrics

Clinical Ethics for Obstetric Sonography

The Normal First Trimester

First-Trimester Complications

Sonography of the Second and Third Trimesters

Obstetric Measurements and Gestational Age

Fetal Growth Assessment by Sonography

Prenatal Diagnosis of Congenital Anomalies

Placenta

Umbilical Cord

Amniotic Fluid and Fetal Membranes

Fetal Face and Neck

Fetal Neural Axis

Stuck twin syndrome is usually observed between _ and _ weeks of gestation.

Hydrops caused by fetal tachycardia most commonly demonstrates a heart rate ranging between and beats per minute (bpm).