Question 1

Acetylcholine is released from the axon terminal of a motor neuron and it acts as ________.

Accepted Answer

A) an action potential 
B) a catalyst 
C) an inhibitory chemical 
D) a neurotransmitter 
A) an action potential 
B) a catalyst 
C) an inhibitory chemical 
D) a neurotransmitter D

Question 2

-Which lettered structure indicates the terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) D 
C) F 
D) E 
A) A 
B) D 
C) F 
D) E D

Question 3

Based on your knowledge of the microscopic anatomy of muscle tissue, how would you conclusively identify cardiac muscle tissue from a cross-sectional view?

Accepted Answer

A) I would confirm the presence of a single, centrally located nucleus in the cells. 
B) I would confirm the presence of a single, peripherally located nucleus in the cells. 
C) I would confirm the absence of stippling (i.e., many, small dots)in the sarcoplasm of the cells. 
D) I would confirm the absence of a multiple, peripherally located nuclei in the cells. 
A) I would confirm the presence of a single, centrally located nucleus in the cells. 
B) I would confirm the presence of a single, peripherally located nucleus in the cells. 
C) I would confirm the absence of stippling (i.e., many, small dots)in the sarcoplasm of the cells. 
D) I would confirm the absence of a multiple, peripherally located nuclei in the cells. A

Question 4

-Which labeled structure is the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) F 
C) C 
D) D 
A) A 
B) F 
C) C 
D) D

Question 5

Which part of the body has three electrodes placed on it for the EMG?

Accepted Answer

A) Ankle 
B) Forearm 
C) Hand 
D) Chest 
A) Ankle 
B) Forearm 
C) Hand 
D) Chest

Question 6

-Which muscle fiber type contains only a few mitochondria because it does not rely on aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

A) Slow oxidative (red) 
B) Fast oxidative (pink) 
C) Fast glycolytic (white) 
A) Slow oxidative (red) 
B) Fast oxidative (pink) 
C) Fast glycolytic (white)

Question 7

-Which labeled structure is the epimysium?

Accepted Answer

A) F 
B) E 
C) C 
D) D 
A) F 
B) E 
C) C 
D) D

Question 8

The active sites on the actin filaments are exposed by ________.

Accepted Answer

A) potassium 
B) acetylcholine 
C) calcium 
D) sodium 
A) potassium 
B) acetylcholine 
C) calcium 
D) sodium

Question 9

What structure consists of myosin?

Accepted Answer

A) Thin filament 
B) Thick filament 
C) Endomysium 
D) Perimysium 
A) Thin filament 
B) Thick filament 
C) Endomysium 
D) Perimysium

Question 10

What does the thick filament do during a muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

A) Pulls on the thin filament 
B) Blocks the actin active site 
C) Stabilizes the Z-disc 
D) Forms a stationary wall for the thin filament to pull against 
A) Pulls on the thin filament 
B) Blocks the actin active site 
C) Stabilizes the Z-disc 
D) Forms a stationary wall for the thin filament to pull against

Question 11

-Which labeled structure is the sarcolemma?

Accepted Answer

A) E 
B) F 
C) G 
D) D 
E) See Word doc, there is no choice E 
A) E 
B) F 
C) G 
D) D 
E) See Word doc, there is no choice E

Question 12

-Which labeled structure is the fascicle?

Accepted Answer

A) G 
B) K 
C) J 
D) L 
A) G 
B) K 
C) J 
D) L

Question 13

Which description is true of skeletal muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

A) They contain 1-2 nuclei. 
B) They have faint or no striations. 
C) They are branched. 
D) They are long and cylinder shaped. 
A) They contain 1-2 nuclei. 
B) They have faint or no striations. 
C) They are branched. 
D) They are long and cylinder shaped.

Question 14

What is the main component of the A band of the myofibril?

Accepted Answer

A) Elastic filaments 
B) Actin filaments 
C) Thin filaments 
D) Thick filaments 
A) Elastic filaments 
B) Actin filaments 
C) Thin filaments 
D) Thick filaments

Question 15

-Which labeled structure is the fascicle?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D

Question 16

What is the smallest functional unit of a muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

A) Myofibril 
B) Sarcomere 
C) Myofilament 
D) T-tubule 
A) Myofibril 
B) Sarcomere 
C) Myofilament 
D) T-tubule

Question 17

Explain the functional significance of the T-tubules of the sarcolemma and the terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

Accepted Answer

A) The increased surface of both structures increases the speed and efficiency with which the end-plate potential leads to sarcomere contraction. 
B) The abundance of each structure increases the rate of ATP production. 
C) The T-tubules and terminal cisternae enhance the chemical attraction between myosin and actin. 
D) The increased surface area provides space for more ligand gated ion channels, thus increasing the effectiveness of acetylcholine binding. 
A) The increased surface of both structures increases the speed and efficiency with which the end-plate potential leads to sarcomere contraction. 
B) The abundance of each structure increases the rate of ATP production. 
C) The T-tubules and terminal cisternae enhance the chemical attraction between myosin and actin. 
D) The increased surface area provides space for more ligand gated ion channels, thus increasing the effectiveness of acetylcholine binding.

Question 18

What does the epimysium surround?

Accepted Answer

A) Single muscle cell 
B) Single fascicle 
C) Bundle of 2-3 fascicles 
D) Entire muscle 
A) Single muscle cell 
B) Single fascicle 
C) Bundle of 2-3 fascicles 
D) Entire muscle

Question 19

Predict the effect of adding ATP and ions to the H-band of glycerinated muscle fibers.

Accepted Answer

A) The H-zone would narrow. 
B) The H-zone would widen. 
C) The H-zone stays the same. 
A) The H-zone would narrow. 
B) The H-zone would widen. 
C) The H-zone stays the same.

Question 20

Which structure allows the action potential to travel deep into the interior of the cell to each contractile organelle?

Accepted Answer

A) Myofibril 
B) T-tubule 
C) Sarcolemma 
D) Sarcoplasm 
A) Myofibril 
B) T-tubule 
C) Sarcolemma 
D) Sarcoplasm

Exam 12: Introduction to the Muscular System: Muscle Tissue

Acetylcholine is released from the axon terminal of a motor neuron and it acts as ________.

-Which lettered structure indicates the terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum?

Based on your knowledge of the microscopic anatomy of muscle tissue, how would you conclusively identify cardiac muscle tissue from a cross-sectional view?

-Which labeled structure is the nucleus?

Which part of the body has three electrodes placed on it for the EMG?

-Which muscle fiber type contains only a few mitochondria because it does not rely on aerobic respiration?

-Which labeled structure is the epimysium?

The active sites on the actin filaments are exposed by ________.

What structure consists of myosin?

What does the thick filament do during a muscle contraction?

-Which labeled structure is the sarcolemma?

-Which labeled structure is the fascicle?

Which description is true of skeletal muscle fibers?

What is the main component of the A band of the myofibril?

-Which labeled structure is the fascicle?

What is the smallest functional unit of a muscle contraction?

Explain the functional significance of the T-tubules of the sarcolemma and the terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

What does the epimysium surround?

Predict the effect of adding ATP and ions to the H-band of glycerinated muscle fibers.

Which structure allows the action potential to travel deep into the interior of the cell to each contractile organelle?

Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

Introduction to the Organ Systems

Chemistry

The Microscope

The Cell

Histology

The Integumentary System

Introduction to the Skeletal System

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Gross Anatomy of the Muscular System

Introduction to the Nervous System

The Central Nervous System: Brain and Spinal Cord

The Peripheral Nervous System: Nerves and Autonomic Nervous System

General and Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

Anatomy of the Heart

Physiology of the Heart

Anatomy of Blood Vessels

Circulatory Pathways and the Physiology of Blood Vessels

The Lymphatic System

Anatomy of the Respiratory System

Physiology of the Respiratory System

Anatomy of the Digestive System

Physiology of the Digestive System

Anatomy of the Urinary System

Physiology of the Urinary System

Reproductive and Development

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