Exam 5: Stop and Frisk and Stationhouse Detention

In Graham v. O'Connor (1989), involving the arrest of a diabetic who was suffering from an insulin reaction, the Supreme Court held that claims of excessive force in the course of making an arrest are to be analyzed under:

Information received by the police from third persons is called ______________.

Which of the following firsthand facts and circumstances may an officer use to develop probable cause to arrest a suspect? I. furtive movements by the suspect II. an attempt by the suspect to destroy evidence III. evasive answers by the suspect IV. the suspect resisting the officer

Deadly force can never be used to make an arrest.

The main sources of hearsay information used to establish probable cause in most arrests that rely on hearsay are ________________________.

Probable cause to arrest: I. requires enough facts to lead a police officer to the reasonable belief that the person arrested has committed a crime. II. is a subjective standard. III. involves the subjective belief of the police officer making the arrest. IV. is an objective standard.

According to the Supreme Court opinion in Draper v. U.S., involving the warrantless arrest of a suspect for transporting illegal drugs, based on an informant's information: I. hearsay is not legally competent information and can never be used to determine probable cause. II. hearsay information alone can always be used to establish probable cause. III. hearsay information verified by the officer's own observations amounted to Probable cause to arrest Draper. IV. hearsay information verified by the officer's own observations amounted to reasonable suspicion to stop Draper but not probable cause to arrest him.

Stops differ from arrests in that: I. they occur in public places. II. they are shorter in duration. III. they always lead to a frisk or more invasive search. IV. they produce written records of the police action.

In the U.S. Supreme Court case Atwater v. City of Lago Vista, the Court: I. decided the arrest was unreasonable because it was not supported by probable cause. II. decided the arrest was reasonable because state law allowed it. III. decided the arrest was reasonable because the offense was serious. IV. decided the arrest was unreasonable because Atwater was not a flight risk.

In determining probable cause, police officers must rely solely on direct information.

The reasonableness of an arrest depends on the existence of ____________ and the __________ in which the arrest is made.

The crime of perjury is defined as:

In the U.S. Supreme Court case Atwater v. City of Lago Vista, the Court decided that:

The Fourth Amendment requires that magistrates base their probable cause determination on information sworn to under oath.

According to the Supreme Court opinion in Tennessee v. Garner, involving the use of deadly force to apprehend a fleeing burglary suspect, deadly force:

The landmark Supreme Court case of Tennessee v. Garner (1985) involved the authority of police to use deadly force to stop fleeing felons. In this case, the Supreme Court held that:

The U.S. Supreme Court has ruled that a warrant is necessary to effect a routine arrest of a suspect in their _____________.

Identify and provide details about the three elements of arrest warrants that satisfy the requirements of the Fourth Amendment warrant clause.

Unless the police are in hot pursuit of a suspect, the Fourth Amendment usually requires a warrant to enter a private home to make arrests.

Which of the following actions may a police officer take immediately after an arrest? I. search the suspect II. use force to subdue unruly suspects to prevent escape III. conduct a search of the suspect IV. interrogate the suspect