Question 1

The vertical sequence of preserved sedimentary environments indicating a rising sea level would be:

Accepted Answer

A)  deep marine, shallow marine, beach, river. 
B)  shallow marine, deep marine, beach, river. 
C)  river, beach, shallow marine, deep marine. 
D)  beach, shallow marine, deep marine, river. 
A)  deep marine, shallow marine, beach, river. 
B)  shallow marine, deep marine, beach, river. 
C)  river, beach, shallow marine, deep marine. 
D)  beach, shallow marine, deep marine, river.

Question 2

Processes that affect sedimentary rocks after burial, but before or during lithification, are:

Accepted Answer

A)  sedimentation. 
B)  metamorphism. 
C)  erosion. 
D)  diagenesis. 
A)  sedimentation. 
B)  metamorphism. 
C)  erosion. 
D)  diagenesis.

Question 3

Discuss the formation and behavior of turbidity currents.

Accepted Answer

Turbidity currents are essentially under

Question 4

The amount of calcium carbonate dissolved in water is directly proportional to:

Accepted Answer

A)  the number of organisms that have lived in the water. 
B)  the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved in the water. 
C)  the depth of the water. 
D)  the temperature of the water. 
A)  the number of organisms that have lived in the water. 
B)  the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved in the water. 
C)  the depth of the water. 
D)  the temperature of the water.

Question 5

How do shifting sedimentary facies indicate changing sea level?

Accepted Answer

Each different coastal sedimentary envir

Question 6

Most sediments are:

Accepted Answer

A)  chemical, resulting from organisms that have extracted the materials from water. 
B)  detrital, composed of solid fragments of other rocks that have undergone mechanical weathering. 
C)  detrital, resulting from solid particles precipitating from solution in water. 
D)  chemical, resulting from precipitation from solution in water. 
A)  chemical, resulting from organisms that have extracted the materials from water. 
B)  detrital, composed of solid fragments of other rocks that have undergone mechanical weathering. 
C)  detrital, resulting from solid particles precipitating from solution in water. 
D)  chemical, resulting from precipitation from solution in water.

Question 7

Which process causes an increase in the roundness of sedimentary particles?

Accepted Answer

A)  Abrasion. 
B)  Sorting. 
C)  Lithification. 
D)  Solution. 
A)  Abrasion. 
B)  Sorting. 
C)  Lithification. 
D)  Solution.

Question 8

The term "sedimentary facies" refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  the geographic location of outcrop surfaces or "faces" of sedimentary rock units. 
B)  differences in the mineral composition of sedimentary rock units located in the same area. 
C)  contacts between distinct layers of sedimentary rocks deposited at different times. 
D)  characteristics that distinguish one sedimentary rock unit from another. 
A)  the geographic location of outcrop surfaces or "faces" of sedimentary rock units. 
B)  differences in the mineral composition of sedimentary rock units located in the same area. 
C)  contacts between distinct layers of sedimentary rocks deposited at different times. 
D)  characteristics that distinguish one sedimentary rock unit from another.

Question 9

List three possible environments of deposition for the three types of detrital sedimentary rocks.

Accepted Answer

Mudstones result from the lithification

Question 10

Sedimentary rocks are important for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  they contain large amounts of+ groundwater. 
B)  they contain fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas. 
C)  they contain most of our precious gems, such as diamonds and emeralds. 
D)  they provide information about Earth's ancient environments. 
A)  they contain large amounts of+ groundwater. 
B)  they contain fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas. 
C)  they contain most of our precious gems, such as diamonds and emeralds. 
D)  they provide information about Earth's ancient environments.

Question 11

A thinly layered rock composed of clay- sized particles is a:

Accepted Answer

A)  shale. 
B)  limestone. 
C)  siltstone. 
D)  sandstone. 
A)  shale. 
B)  limestone. 
C)  siltstone. 
D)  sandstone.

Question 12

A sandstone composed predominantly of quartz is a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  breccia. 
B)  quartz arenite. 
C)  arkose. 
D)  graywacke. 
A)  breccia. 
B)  quartz arenite. 
C)  arkose. 
D)  graywacke.

Question 13

Ancient volcanic eruptions in the Caribbean region are recorded in cores of deep- sea muds as:

Accepted Answer

A)  tephra layers. 
B)  disappearance of marine fossils above a certain level. 
C)  dust layers of fine clastic sediments. 
D)  coarse, ice- rafted debris. 
A)  tephra layers. 
B)  disappearance of marine fossils above a certain level. 
C)  dust layers of fine clastic sediments. 
D)  coarse, ice- rafted debris.

Question 14

The degree to which sediment particles are rounded depends on all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  the amount of time that has elapsed since the particle was attached to the parent rock. 
B)  the hardness of the minerals. 
C)  the distance over which particles are carried by a transport medium. 
D)  the energy of collisions between particles. 
A)  the amount of time that has elapsed since the particle was attached to the parent rock. 
B)  the hardness of the minerals. 
C)  the distance over which particles are carried by a transport medium. 
D)  the energy of collisions between particles.

Question 15

How does chert form?

Accepted Answer

Chert, which consists of microscopic sil

Question 16

What information is supplied by a study of sediment grain size?

Accepted Answer

Grain size of sediments is related to th

Question 17

Sedimentary rocks constitute approximately_________ of the rocks exposed at the Earth's land surface.

Accepted Answer

A)  50% 
B)  75% 
C)  20% 
D)  5% 
A)  50% 
B)  75% 
C)  20% 
D)  5%

Question 18

Which of the following sedimentary structures might indicate that deposition had occurred in a shallow lake during cycles of drought?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cross- bedding. 
B)  Mudcracks. 
C)  Graded bedding. 
D)  Ripple marks. 
A)  Cross- bedding. 
B)  Mudcracks. 
C)  Graded bedding. 
D)  Ripple marks.

Question 19

Which of the following statements about various kinds of limestone is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tufa is an inorganic limestone formed when underground water loses carbon dioxide. 
B)  Chert is an biogenic limestone formed from carbonate secretions of microorganisms. 
C)  Travertine is a limestone that forms in the interior of caves. 
D)  Gypsum is a lithified biogenic ooze formed when saltwater evaporates. 
A)  Tufa is an inorganic limestone formed when underground water loses carbon dioxide. 
B)  Chert is an biogenic limestone formed from carbonate secretions of microorganisms. 
C)  Travertine is a limestone that forms in the interior of caves. 
D)  Gypsum is a lithified biogenic ooze formed when saltwater evaporates.

Question 20

Sedimentary layers, or beds, indicate all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  a change in depositional energy between beds. 
B)  a change in sediment composition between beds. 
C)  a change in grain size between beds. 
D)  disturbance of sediments by organisms. 
A)  a change in depositional energy between beds. 
B)  a change in sediment composition between beds. 
C)  a change in grain size between beds. 
D)  disturbance of sediments by organisms.

The vertical sequence of preserved sedimentary environments indicating a rising sea level would be:

Processes that affect sedimentary rocks after burial, but before or during lithification, are:

Discuss the formation and behavior of turbidity currents.

The amount of calcium carbonate dissolved in water is directly proportional to:

How do shifting sedimentary facies indicate changing sea level?

Most sediments are:

Which process causes an increase in the roundness of sedimentary particles?

The term "sedimentary facies" refers to:

List three possible environments of deposition for the three types of detrital sedimentary rocks.

Sedimentary rocks are important for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

A thinly layered rock composed of clay- sized particles is a:

A sandstone composed predominantly of quartz is a(n):

Ancient volcanic eruptions in the Caribbean region are recorded in cores of deep- sea muds as:

The degree to which sediment particles are rounded depends on all of the following EXCEPT:

How does chert form?

What information is supplied by a study of sediment grain size?

Sedimentary rocks constitute approximately_________ of the rocks exposed at the Earth's land surface.

Which of the following sedimentary structures might indicate that deposition had occurred in a shallow lake during cycles of drought?

Which of the following statements about various kinds of limestone is NOT true?

Sedimentary layers, or beds, indicate all of the following EXCEPT:

A First Look at Planet Earth - Its Origins, Systems, and Tectonic Plates

Minerals

Igneous Rocks and Processes

Volcanoes and Volcanism

Weathering - the Breakdown of Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Telling Time Geologically

Earth Structures - Folds, Faults, and Fabrics

Earthquakes

The Earths Interior - Whats Going on Down There

Plate Tectonics and the Formation of the Earths Oceans

Continental Tectonics and the Formation of the Earths Continents

Mass Movement

Streams and Floods

Groundwater

Glaciers and Ice Ages

Deserts and the Work of Winds

Shores and Coastal Processes

Human Use of the Earths Resources Appendices Glossary

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Exam 6: Sedimentary Processes, Environments, and Rocks

The vertical sequence of preserved sedimentary environments indicating a rising sea level would be:

Processes that affect sedimentary rocks after burial, but before or during lithification, are:

Discuss the formation and behavior of turbidity currents.

The amount of calcium carbonate dissolved in water is directly proportional to:

How do shifting sedimentary facies indicate changing sea level?

Most sediments are:

Which process causes an increase in the roundness of sedimentary particles?

The term "sedimentary facies" refers to:

List three possible environments of deposition for the three types of detrital sedimentary rocks.

Sedimentary rocks are important for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

A thinly layered rock composed of clay- sized particles is a:

A sandstone composed predominantly of quartz is a(n):

Ancient volcanic eruptions in the Caribbean region are recorded in cores of deep- sea muds as:

The degree to which sediment particles are rounded depends on all of the following EXCEPT:

How does chert form?

What information is supplied by a study of sediment grain size?

Sedimentary rocks constitute approximately_________ of the rocks exposed at the Earth's land surface.

Which of the following sedimentary structures might indicate that deposition had occurred in a shallow lake during cycles of drought?

Which of the following statements about various kinds of limestone is NOT true?

Sedimentary layers, or beds, indicate all of the following EXCEPT:

A First Look at Planet Earth - Its Origins, Systems, and Tectonic Plates

Minerals

Igneous Rocks and Processes

Volcanoes and Volcanism

Weathering - the Breakdown of Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Telling Time Geologically

Earth Structures - Folds, Faults, and Fabrics

Earthquakes

The Earths Interior - Whats Going on Down There

Plate Tectonics and the Formation of the Earths Oceans

Continental Tectonics and the Formation of the Earths Continents

Mass Movement

Streams and Floods

Groundwater

Glaciers and Ice Ages

Deserts and the Work of Winds

Shores and Coastal Processes

Human Use of the Earths Resources Appendices Glossary

Filters