Question 1

All of the following statements concerning the Earth's water resources are true EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  meteoric water is the portion of Earth's water that is contributed by meteorites. 
B)  the total amount of water has remained fairly constant for the last 1 billion years. 
C)  all but 1% or less is in the oceans or frozen in glaciers and snow. 
D)  some water is stored for thousands of years as snow on mountain peaks or as ice in glaciers. 
A)  meteoric water is the portion of Earth's water that is contributed by meteorites. 
B)  the total amount of water has remained fairly constant for the last 1 billion years. 
C)  all but 1% or less is in the oceans or frozen in glaciers and snow. 
D)  some water is stored for thousands of years as snow on mountain peaks or as ice in glaciers.

Question 2

Artificial flooding on the Colorado River in 1996:

Accepted Answer

A)  replenished beaches and sandbars along the river. 
B)  scoured sediment and vegetation along the banks. 
C)  cleared debris from tributaries. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  replenished beaches and sandbars along the river. 
B)  scoured sediment and vegetation along the banks. 
C)  cleared debris from tributaries. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 3

Which of the following statements about stream transport is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  A stream's competence is a measure of the diameter of the largest particle that the stream can transport. 
B)  A stream's capacity is proportional to the square of its discharge. 
C)  A stream's competence is proportionate to the square of its velocity. 
D)  A stream's capacity is a measure of the maximum quantity of sediment the stream can transport. 
A)  A stream's competence is a measure of the diameter of the largest particle that the stream can transport. 
B)  A stream's capacity is proportional to the square of its discharge. 
C)  A stream's competence is proportionate to the square of its velocity. 
D)  A stream's capacity is a measure of the maximum quantity of sediment the stream can transport.

Question 4

A 10- year flood is a flood that:

Accepted Answer

A)  occurs once every 10 years. 
B)  occurs once each year for 10 years. 
C)  does not occur every 10 years. 
D)  lasts for 10 years. 
A)  occurs once every 10 years. 
B)  occurs once each year for 10 years. 
C)  does not occur every 10 years. 
D)  lasts for 10 years.

Question 5

Waterfalls tend to:

Accepted Answer

A)  remain stationary but decrease in height as erosion cuts downward in the upper channel. 
B)  migrate downstream and become larger as sediment deposits accumulate on their edge. 
C)  migrate upstream and become smaller as erosion wears away their edge. 
D)  remain stationary but increase in height as the falling water erodes deeper into their plunge pool. 
A)  remain stationary but decrease in height as erosion cuts downward in the upper channel. 
B)  migrate downstream and become larger as sediment deposits accumulate on their edge. 
C)  migrate upstream and become smaller as erosion wears away their edge. 
D)  remain stationary but increase in height as the falling water erodes deeper into their plunge pool.

Question 6

Which of the following statements concerning a stream's sediment load is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dissolved load is strongly affected by velocity. 
B)  Both flat and low- density particles tend to remain within the suspended load. 
C)  Large stones that cannot be carried within a stream's suspended load can sometimes be transported by traction in the stream's bed load. 
D)  Fine particles of clay are likely to be transported as part of the suspended load. 
A)  Dissolved load is strongly affected by velocity. 
B)  Both flat and low- density particles tend to remain within the suspended load. 
C)  Large stones that cannot be carried within a stream's suspended load can sometimes be transported by traction in the stream's bed load. 
D)  Fine particles of clay are likely to be transported as part of the suspended load.

Question 7

Explain the concept of a graded stream.

Accepted Answer

A stream will maintain its gradient at s

Question 8

Which of the following conditions is most favorable for delta formation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Where waves and currents immediately sweep away most of the river's delivered sediments. 
B)  Where a large sediment load is delivered to quiet coastal waters. 
C)  Where powerful storm waves carry all of the river's delivered sediment. 
D)  Where a small sediment load is delivered along the river's short path to quiet coastal waters. 
A)  Where waves and currents immediately sweep away most of the river's delivered sediments. 
B)  Where a large sediment load is delivered to quiet coastal waters. 
C)  Where powerful storm waves carry all of the river's delivered sediment. 
D)  Where a small sediment load is delivered along the river's short path to quiet coastal waters.

Question 9

The volume of a stream's dissolved load is dependent on all of the following factors EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  climate. 
B)  topography. 
C)  stream velocity. 
D)  bedrock composition and acidity of the water. 
A)  climate. 
B)  topography. 
C)  stream velocity. 
D)  bedrock composition and acidity of the water.

Question 10

All of the following are factors that would probably reduce the amount of runoff from heavy rains EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  clay- rich soil. 
B)  extensive vegetation. 
C)  flat topography. 
D)  highly fractured granite bedrock. 
A)  clay- rich soil. 
B)  extensive vegetation. 
C)  flat topography. 
D)  highly fractured granite bedrock.

Question 11

What causes a stream to eventually abandon a delta?

Accepted Answer

As a stream's delta grows, its gradient

Question 12

Niagara Falls migrates upstream about 1 meter per year because it:

Accepted Answer

A)  erodes a soft shale on top of a resistant dolostone. 
B)  erodes a hard sandstone on top of a soft shale. 
C)  erodes a hard sandstone on top of a soft limestone. 
D)  erodes a soft shale beneath a resistant dolostone. 
A)  erodes a soft shale on top of a resistant dolostone. 
B)  erodes a hard sandstone on top of a soft shale. 
C)  erodes a hard sandstone on top of a soft limestone. 
D)  erodes a soft shale beneath a resistant dolostone.

Question 13

List and explain the three ways in which streams transport sediments.

Accepted Answer

Streams transport sediments in different

Question 14

In a curved section of a stream channel, the fastest water is:

Accepted Answer

A)  near the outside of the curve. 
B)  relatively equal throughout the stream. 
C)  in the middle of the stream. 
D)  near the inside of the curve. 
A)  near the outside of the curve. 
B)  relatively equal throughout the stream. 
C)  in the middle of the stream. 
D)  near the inside of the curve.

Question 15

The primary difference between a delta and an alluvial fan is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  alluvial fans result from deposition into inland lakes, while deltas result from deposition into the ocean. 
B)  alluvial fans are erosional features, whereas deltas are depositional features. 
C)  alluvial fans are formed on low- land plains, while deltas are formed in a standing body of water. 
D)  alluvial fans form at the source of a stream and deltas form at the mouth of a stream. 
A)  alluvial fans result from deposition into inland lakes, while deltas result from deposition into the ocean. 
B)  alluvial fans are erosional features, whereas deltas are depositional features. 
C)  alluvial fans are formed on low- land plains, while deltas are formed in a standing body of water. 
D)  alluvial fans form at the source of a stream and deltas form at the mouth of a stream.

Question 16

A graded stream is one in which an equilibrium has been reached so that:

Accepted Answer

A)  only deposition occurs. 
B)  only erosion occurs. 
C)  changes in the stream's environment no longer cause changes in the stream's erosion or deposition. 
D)  there is little net erosion or deposition. 
A)  only deposition occurs. 
B)  only erosion occurs. 
C)  changes in the stream's environment no longer cause changes in the stream's erosion or deposition. 
D)  there is little net erosion or deposition.

Question 17

All of the following could initiate the formation of stream terraces within a floodplain EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  a local tectonic movement that lowers the stream's base level. 
B)  a long- term increase in sediment load. 
C)  a long- term increase in precipitation. 
D)  a decrease in global sea level. 
A)  a local tectonic movement that lowers the stream's base level. 
B)  a long- term increase in sediment load. 
C)  a long- term increase in precipitation. 
D)  a decrease in global sea level.

All of the following statements concerning the Earth's water resources are true EXCEPT:

Artificial flooding on the Colorado River in 1996:

Which of the following statements about stream transport is NOT true?

A 10- year flood is a flood that:

Waterfalls tend to:

Which of the following statements concerning a stream's sediment load is NOT true?

Explain the concept of a graded stream.

Which of the following conditions is most favorable for delta formation?

The volume of a stream's dissolved load is dependent on all of the following factors EXCEPT:

All of the following are factors that would probably reduce the amount of runoff from heavy rains EXCEPT:

What causes a stream to eventually abandon a delta?

Niagara Falls migrates upstream about 1 meter per year because it:

List and explain the three ways in which streams transport sediments.

In a curved section of a stream channel, the fastest water is:

The primary difference between a delta and an alluvial fan is that:

A graded stream is one in which an equilibrium has been reached so that:

All of the following could initiate the formation of stream terraces within a floodplain EXCEPT:

A First Look at Planet Earth - Its Origins, Systems, and Tectonic Plates

Minerals

Igneous Rocks and Processes

Volcanoes and Volcanism

Weathering - the Breakdown of Rocks

Sedimentary Processes, Environments, and Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Telling Time Geologically

Earth Structures - Folds, Faults, and Fabrics

Earthquakes

The Earths Interior - Whats Going on Down There

Plate Tectonics and the Formation of the Earths Oceans

Continental Tectonics and the Formation of the Earths Continents

Mass Movement

Groundwater

Glaciers and Ice Ages

Deserts and the Work of Winds

Shores and Coastal Processes

Human Use of the Earths Resources Appendices Glossary

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Exam 15: Streams and Floods

All of the following statements concerning the Earth's water resources are true EXCEPT:

Artificial flooding on the Colorado River in 1996:

Which of the following statements about stream transport is NOT true?

A 10- year flood is a flood that:

Waterfalls tend to:

Which of the following statements concerning a stream's sediment load is NOT true?

Explain the concept of a graded stream.

Which of the following conditions is most favorable for delta formation?

The volume of a stream's dissolved load is dependent on all of the following factors EXCEPT:

All of the following are factors that would probably reduce the amount of runoff from heavy rains EXCEPT:

What causes a stream to eventually abandon a delta?

Niagara Falls migrates upstream about 1 meter per year because it:

List and explain the three ways in which streams transport sediments.

In a curved section of a stream channel, the fastest water is:

The primary difference between a delta and an alluvial fan is that:

A graded stream is one in which an equilibrium has been reached so that:

All of the following could initiate the formation of stream terraces within a floodplain EXCEPT:

A First Look at Planet Earth - Its Origins, Systems, and Tectonic Plates

Minerals

Igneous Rocks and Processes

Volcanoes and Volcanism

Weathering - the Breakdown of Rocks

Sedimentary Processes, Environments, and Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Telling Time Geologically

Earth Structures - Folds, Faults, and Fabrics

Earthquakes

The Earths Interior - Whats Going on Down There

Plate Tectonics and the Formation of the Earths Oceans

Continental Tectonics and the Formation of the Earths Continents

Mass Movement

Groundwater

Glaciers and Ice Ages

Deserts and the Work of Winds

Shores and Coastal Processes

Human Use of the Earths Resources Appendices Glossary

Filters