Exam 1: Introduction to Data

A two- way table is useful for summarizing and comparing what?

Consider the following statement, "Babies who breastfeed are less likely to grow into children with behavioral problems by the time they reach age 5 than those who receive formula milk." Which of the following is a plausible confounding variable in this study?

What is the approximate percentage of men in this study who prefer to rent a movie on DVD?

Use the following description of a controlled experiment: Two similar kindergarten classrooms, each containing 20- 25 students, have agreed to participate in a study to see if incorporating math manipulatives into the teacher's lesson improves understanding of new concepts in geometry, like recognizing shapes and similarities in shapes. The teacher in one classroom gives a standard lesson without the use of manipulatives then gives a three- question quiz about the new geometry concepts that were taught. The teacher in the second classroom gives a geometry lesson that incorporates the use of math manipulatives. The same three- question quiz is given and the scores of the two classrooms are compared to see whether the use of math manipulatives improved quiz scores. -Which features of a well- designed control experiment does this study have? Which features are missing?

If possible, answer the following questions about the context of this study: a. What are the objects of interest? b. What variables are being measured? c. How were the variables measured? d. Who collected the data? e. How did they collect the data?

Name two of the four key features of a well- designed controlled experiment. When is it important to have a well- designed controlled experiment?

What is the approximate percentage of study participants who are women?

Which of the following is not an example of data?

A state senator's comments about the dangers of global warming are an example of what type of variable?

A sticker on a new car advertises that it gets 34 miles per gallon, but cautions that results may vary. Explain what variation means in this context.

A group of students is divided into two groups. One group is a given a new chewable vitamin and the other group is given a placebo. After six months they are asked to fill out a questionnaire and given a health exam to see whether the new vitamin has health benefits that are better than a placebo.

Use the following description of a controlled experiment: Two similar kindergarten classrooms, each containing 20- 25 students, have agreed to participate in a study to see if incorporating math manipulatives into the teacher's lesson improves understanding of new concepts in geometry, like recognizing shapes and similarities in shapes. The teacher in one classroom gives a standard lesson without the use of manipulatives then gives a three- question quiz about the new geometry concepts that were taught. The teacher in the second classroom gives a geometry lesson that incorporates the use of math manipulatives. The same three- question quiz is given and the scores of the two classrooms are compared to see whether the use of math manipulatives improved quiz scores. -In this study, what is the treatment variable and the response variable?

Overall, what percentage of the sample supports the helmet law? Round to the nearest whole percent.

Identify the sample and the population it is most likely intended to represent.

"People with diabetes are at higher risk for certain cancers than those without the blood sugar disease, suggests a new study based on a telephone survey of nearly 400,000 adults."

Answer the question using the following table showing fatal injury counts by four major categories from 2004 Michigan Residents. The table shows total counts for all ages and both sexes. -Write a statement comparing the rate of fatal injuries that were self- inflicted or suicide from 2005 to 2006. Why is it important to compare rates and not total numbers?

Among the women surveyed, what percent support the helmet law? Round to the nearest whole percent.

In a sample of 800 first- year college students, 72% said that they check their Facebook page at least three times a day. How many students is this?

Consider the following statement "My child was bullied on the school bus and so was my neighbors child, so obviously, bullying is a big problem on school buses and something needs to be done about it!" What is wrong with this statement?

Consider the following statement: "Researched conducted a large observational study and determined that children who participated in school music programs scored higher on math exams in later grades than those who did not." Suppose that upon hearing this a politician states that all children should participate in school music programs. What is wrong with the politician's statement?