Question 1

The objective features of an inter-ethnic context that influence language behaviour are referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  subjective vitality. 
B)  ethnolinguistic vitality. 
C)  paralinguistics. 
D)  inter-ethnic prosody. 
A)  subjective vitality. 
B)  ethnolinguistic vitality. 
C)  paralinguistics. 
D)  inter-ethnic prosody.

Question 2

Cultural and situational prescriptions about when, where and how to express emotions are referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  display rules. 
B)  ontogeny. 
C)  kinesics. 
D)  cultural norms. 
A)  display rules. 
B)  ontogeny. 
C)  kinesics. 
D)  cultural norms.

Question 3

Sophia is Colombian and moves to the United States where she learns English as a second language. Sophia is very proud of her Colombian heritage and, as such, she does not make a concerted effort to get rid of her Colombian accent when speaking English. This demonstrates that:

Accepted Answer

A)  speech style cues ethnic identity. 
B)  speech styles can be difficult to change. 
C)  the United States is a good place to learn English. 
D)  accents are paralinguistic cues. 
A)  speech style cues ethnic identity. 
B)  speech styles can be difficult to change. 
C)  the United States is a good place to learn English. 
D)  accents are paralinguistic cues.

Question 4

Intensifiers, hedges, tag questions and polite forms of address are:

Accepted Answer

A)  not used any longer. 
B)  characteristic of powerless speech. 
C)  typical for men addressing women. 
D)  usually supported by non-verbal communication. 
A)  not used any longer. 
B)  characteristic of powerless speech. 
C)  typical for men addressing women. 
D)  usually supported by non-verbal communication.

Question 5

The facial expressions of stress among Americans and Japanese watching a disturbing film sequence were secretly monitored, each group in their own country (Ekman, 1973). Participants were monitored in two conditions, one in private and the other in public. The results showed that facial stress:

Accepted Answer

A)  was shown by Japanese privately, but not publicly. 
B)  was never shown by Japanese. 
C)  was never shown by Americans. 
D)  was shown by Americans publicly, but not privately. 
A)  was shown by Japanese privately, but not publicly. 
B)  was never shown by Japanese. 
C)  was never shown by Americans. 
D)  was shown by Americans publicly, but not privately.

Question 6

In investigating the origins of human language from an evolutionary perspective Corballis (1999, 2004) argued that:

Accepted Answer

A)  superfluous hand signals are a sign of restricted intelligence. 
B)  hand gestures are the likely precursor to spoken language. 
C)  sign language among the deaf is not really language at all. 
D)  chimpanzees talk better with their hands than their mouths. 
A)  superfluous hand signals are a sign of restricted intelligence. 
B)  hand gestures are the likely precursor to spoken language. 
C)  sign language among the deaf is not really language at all. 
D)  chimpanzees talk better with their hands than their mouths.

Question 7

Sarah has her MBA and now works for a big law firm. While on holiday she bumps into Spike, a onetime childhood classmate. Spike now works at a car assembly plant. They talk about the good old days. Sarah tries to use a few streetwise words, while Spike finds himself editing out some of his favourite swear words. Sarah and Spike show:

Accepted Answer

A)  bilateral speech convergence. 
B)  that they could be an 'item'. 
C)  exit behaviour. 
D)  speech solidarity. 
A)  bilateral speech convergence. 
B)  that they could be an 'item'. 
C)  exit behaviour. 
D)  speech solidarity.

Question 8

Kraut and Johnston (1979) went to a bowling alley to investigate facial expressions amongst people playing team sport. They found that players:

Accepted Answer

A)  smiled more when they trashed their opponents. 
B)  kept a stern face throughout competitions. 
C)  smiled because they enjoyed a good game. 
D)  smiled more when their team-mates could see their face. 
A)  smiled more when they trashed their opponents. 
B)  kept a stern face throughout competitions. 
C)  smiled because they enjoyed a good game. 
D)  smiled more when their team-mates could see their face.

Question 9

Communication is social because:

Accepted Answer

A)  it involves personal truths. 
B)  our messages are intentional. 
C)  people are influenced by communication. 
D)  language is our only form of communication. 
A)  it involves personal truths. 
B)  our messages are intentional. 
C)  people are influenced by communication. 
D)  language is our only form of communication.

Question 10

Maria and Tony are about to have a private and detailed research discussion. They have about equal expertise. Given the results reported by Dovidio and colleagues (1988) regarding sex stereotypes, which of the following outcomes is the most likely?

Accepted Answer

A)  Maria will gaze more when listening than when speaking 
B)  Maria and Tony will each gaze about the same whether speaking or listening 
C)  Tony will gaze more when listening than when speaking 
D)  Maria and Tony will each gaze about the same while speaking, but Tony will gaze more while listening 
A)  Maria will gaze more when listening than when speaking 
B)  Maria and Tony will each gaze about the same whether speaking or listening 
C)  Tony will gaze more when listening than when speaking 
D)  Maria and Tony will each gaze about the same while speaking, but Tony will gaze more while listening

Question 11

Which of the following is a status characteristic associated with high ethnolinguistic vitality in a minority group?

Accepted Answer

A)  A high birth rate for the language group 
B)  Self-confidence and pride of its members 
C)  Political influence on the central government 
D)  low outgroup marriage 
A)  A high birth rate for the language group 
B)  Self-confidence and pride of its members 
C)  Political influence on the central government 
D)  low outgroup marriage

Question 12

Yuki grew up in Japan and speaks Japanese. Yvonne grew up in America and speaks English. Yasmin grew up in France and speaks French. Because these three individuals speak different languages, one could argue that this has caused them to view the world in three completely different ways. This argument fits under the concept of:

Accepted Answer

A)  discourse analyse. 
B)  sociolinguistics. 
C)  linguistic relativity. 
D)  paralinguistics. 
A)  discourse analyse. 
B)  sociolinguistics. 
C)  linguistic relativity. 
D)  paralinguistics.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT an example of non-verbal communication?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hedges 
B)  Gaze 
C)  Touch 
D)  Gestures 
A)  Hedges 
B)  Gaze 
C)  Touch 
D)  Gestures

Question 14

Facial display rules can be influenced by:

Accepted Answer

A)  gender and cultural differences. 
B)  cultural and situational differences. 
C)  situational and gender variables. 
D)  gender, cultural, and situational variables. 
A)  gender and cultural differences. 
B)  cultural and situational differences. 
C)  situational and gender variables. 
D)  gender, cultural, and situational variables.

Question 15

The likelihood of men and women adopting sex-typed speech styles can be influenced by:

Accepted Answer

A)  whether they have a more or less non-traditional sex-role orientation. 
B)  whether they were socialised in relatively sex-segregated groups during their upbringing. 
C)  attending to minority cultural norms on gender differences. 
D)  language acquisition from a personally recognised group membership. 
A)  whether they have a more or less non-traditional sex-role orientation. 
B)  whether they were socialised in relatively sex-segregated groups during their upbringing. 
C)  attending to minority cultural norms on gender differences. 
D)  language acquisition from a personally recognised group membership.

Question 16

A problematic implication of communicating with gestures is:

Accepted Answer

A)  gesturing is a crude form of communication. 
B)  a gesture can have different meanings across different cultures which can lead to miscommunication. 
C)  research shows that gestures typically do not enhance communication and are therefore not overly useful when interacting. 
D)  gestures are a matter of personal interpretation that need to be matched with speech for accurate translation. 
A)  gesturing is a crude form of communication. 
B)  a gesture can have different meanings across different cultures which can lead to miscommunication. 
C)  research shows that gestures typically do not enhance communication and are therefore not overly useful when interacting. 
D)  gestures are a matter of personal interpretation that need to be matched with speech for accurate translation.

Question 17

Noller (1984), in investigating communication patterns among married couples, found that:

Accepted Answer

A)  partners who were better at encoding and decoding were more likely to be maritally satisfied. 
B)  maritally dissatisfied couples tended to reduce conflict by not talking to each other. 
C)  overall, men were better at encoding messages. 
D)  women did most of the talking. 
A)  partners who were better at encoding and decoding were more likely to be maritally satisfied. 
B)  maritally dissatisfied couples tended to reduce conflict by not talking to each other. 
C)  overall, men were better at encoding messages. 
D)  women did most of the talking.

Question 18

In her tutorial class, Sue signals her attention by nodding, making supportive sounds and by looking at the tutor. Inwardly, she is quite bored. Sue is using:

Accepted Answer

A)  back-channel communication. 
B)  intimacy equilibrium. 
C)  the de Jong feedback loop. 
D)  impression management. 
A)  back-channel communication. 
B)  intimacy equilibrium. 
C)  the de Jong feedback loop. 
D)  impression management.

Question 19

You are in a crowded elevator. You notice how people mostly avoid eye contact with each other. This reaction is consistent with the:

Accepted Answer

A)  gestural origins of language. 
B)  facial affect program. 
C)  intimacy-equilibrium theory. 
D)  concept of social distance. 
A)  gestural origins of language. 
B)  facial affect program. 
C)  intimacy-equilibrium theory. 
D)  concept of social distance.

Question 20

Language is:

Accepted Answer

A)  derived from cave drawings. 
B)  verbal. 
C)  only found in conspecifics. 
D)  specific to humans. 
A)  derived from cave drawings. 
B)  verbal. 
C)  only found in conspecifics. 
D)  specific to humans.

The objective features of an inter-ethnic context that influence language behaviour are referred to as:

Cultural and situational prescriptions about when, where and how to express emotions are referred to as:

Sophia is Colombian and moves to the United States where she learns English as a second language. Sophia is very proud of her Colombian heritage and, as such, she does not make a concerted effort to get rid of her Colombian accent when speaking English. This demonstrates that:

Intensifiers, hedges, tag questions and polite forms of address are:

The facial expressions of stress among Americans and Japanese watching a disturbing film sequence were secretly monitored, each group in their own country (Ekman, 1973). Participants were monitored in two conditions, one in private and the other in public. The results showed that facial stress:

In investigating the origins of human language from an evolutionary perspective Corballis (1999, 2004) argued that:

Kraut and Johnston (1979) went to a bowling alley to investigate facial expressions amongst people playing team sport. They found that players:

Communication is social because:

Maria and Tony are about to have a private and detailed research discussion. They have about equal expertise. Given the results reported by Dovidio and colleagues (1988) regarding sex stereotypes, which of the following outcomes is the most likely?

Which of the following is a status characteristic associated with high ethnolinguistic vitality in a minority group?

Which of the following is NOT an example of non-verbal communication?

Facial display rules can be influenced by:

The likelihood of men and women adopting sex-typed speech styles can be influenced by:

A problematic implication of communicating with gestures is:

Noller (1984), in investigating communication patterns among married couples, found that:

In her tutorial class, Sue signals her attention by nodding, making supportive sounds and by looking at the tutor. Inwardly, she is quite bored. Sue is using:

You are in a crowded elevator. You notice how people mostly avoid eye contact with each other. This reaction is consistent with the:

Language is:

Introducing Social Psychology

Social Cognition and Social Thinking

Attribution and Social Explanation

Self and Identity

Attitudes

Persuasion and Attitude Change

Social Influence

People in Groups

Leadership and Group Decision Making

Prejudice and Discrimination

Intergroup Behaviour

Aggression

Prosocial Behaviour

Attraction and Close Relationships

Culture

Filters

Exam 15: Language and Communication

The objective features of an inter-ethnic context that influence language behaviour are referred to as:

Cultural and situational prescriptions about when, where and how to express emotions are referred to as:

Sophia is Colombian and moves to the United States where she learns English as a second language. Sophia is very proud of her Colombian heritage and, as such, she does not make a concerted effort to get rid of her Colombian accent when speaking English. This demonstrates that:

Intensifiers, hedges, tag questions and polite forms of address are:

The facial expressions of stress among Americans and Japanese watching a disturbing film sequence were secretly monitored, each group in their own country (Ekman, 1973). Participants were monitored in two conditions, one in private and the other in public. The results showed that facial stress:

In investigating the origins of human language from an evolutionary perspective Corballis (1999, 2004) argued that:

Kraut and Johnston (1979) went to a bowling alley to investigate facial expressions amongst people playing team sport. They found that players:

Communication is social because:

Maria and Tony are about to have a private and detailed research discussion. They have about equal expertise. Given the results reported by Dovidio and colleagues (1988) regarding sex stereotypes, which of the following outcomes is the most likely?

Which of the following is a status characteristic associated with high ethnolinguistic vitality in a minority group?

Which of the following is NOT an example of non-verbal communication?

Facial display rules can be influenced by:

The likelihood of men and women adopting sex-typed speech styles can be influenced by:

A problematic implication of communicating with gestures is:

Noller (1984), in investigating communication patterns among married couples, found that:

In her tutorial class, Sue signals her attention by nodding, making supportive sounds and by looking at the tutor. Inwardly, she is quite bored. Sue is using:

You are in a crowded elevator. You notice how people mostly avoid eye contact with each other. This reaction is consistent with the:

Language is:

Introducing Social Psychology

Social Cognition and Social Thinking

Attribution and Social Explanation

Self and Identity

Attitudes

Persuasion and Attitude Change

Social Influence

People in Groups

Leadership and Group Decision Making

Prejudice and Discrimination

Intergroup Behaviour

Aggression

Prosocial Behaviour

Attraction and Close Relationships

Culture

Filters