Question 1

According to Sedikides (1993), which self-motive was the weakest?

Accepted Answer

A)  Self-verification 
B)  Self-affirmation 
C)  Self-assessment 
D)  Self-enhancement 
A)  Self-verification 
B)  Self-affirmation 
C)  Self-assessment 
D)  Self-enhancement

Question 2

Research indicates that pre-adolescent children from an ethnic minority who prefer to be members of the ethnic majority:

Accepted Answer

A)  will change their opinions with age. 
B)  will develop debilitating cognitive dissonance. 
C)  will turn to deindividuation to help themselves cope. 
D)  will want to be more self-aware. 
A)  will change their opinions with age. 
B)  will develop debilitating cognitive dissonance. 
C)  will turn to deindividuation to help themselves cope. 
D)  will want to be more self-aware.

Question 3

Sherif's (1936) research on how norms emerge from interaction and are internalised to influence behaviour draws directly from:

Accepted Answer

A)  Freud's psychoanalytic theories of the self. 
B)  the idea that there is an individual self that is grounded in group life. 
C)  16th century industrialisation. 
D)  the idea that there is a collective self that is grounded in group life. 
A)  Freud's psychoanalytic theories of the self. 
B)  the idea that there is an individual self that is grounded in group life. 
C)  16th century industrialisation. 
D)  the idea that there is a collective self that is grounded in group life.

Question 4

Tara feels insecure. You advise her to refrain from comparing herself with people who she thinks are 'superior'. Your advice is a key point in:

Accepted Answer

A)  Higgins' self-discrepancy theory. 
B)  Tesser's self-evaluation maintenance model. 
C)  Festinger's social comparison theory. 
D)  Bem's self-perception theory. 
A)  Higgins' self-discrepancy theory. 
B)  Tesser's self-evaluation maintenance model. 
C)  Festinger's social comparison theory. 
D)  Bem's self-perception theory.

Question 5

At a girls' summer camp Maria has just been assigned to a group called the 'Rosebuds', one of six separate groups that will interact from time to time at the camp. It is likely that if she needs to make a decision about allocating rewards, she will:

Accepted Answer

A)  want all other children to be Rosebuds. 
B)  not care what group any girl might be in. 
C)  wilt and go limp, as a Rosebud would. 
D)  discriminate against children who are not Rosebuds. 
A)  want all other children to be Rosebuds. 
B)  not care what group any girl might be in. 
C)  wilt and go limp, as a Rosebud would. 
D)  discriminate against children who are not Rosebuds.

Question 6

Studies suggest that people in Western cultures conceptualise the self as ________ while people in Eastern cultures tend to conceptualise the self as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  ingroup; outgroup 
B)  materialistic; cultural 
C)  independent; interdependent 
D)  None of the above 
A)  ingroup; outgroup 
B)  materialistic; cultural 
C)  independent; interdependent 
D)  None of the above

Question 7

According to self-discrepancy theory, how we think we should be refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  the 'ought' self. 
B)  the actual self. 
C)  the superego self. 
D)  the ideal self. 
A)  the 'ought' self. 
B)  the actual self. 
C)  the superego self. 
D)  the ideal self.

Question 8

Studies of African American children carried out before and after the Second World War showed that:

Accepted Answer

A)  African American children had lower self-esteem than White children. 
B)  African American children were more positive towards White children than African American children. 
C)  White children were more positive towards White children than African American children. 
D)  All of the above 
A)  African American children had lower self-esteem than White children. 
B)  African American children were more positive towards White children than African American children. 
C)  White children were more positive towards White children than African American children. 
D)  All of the above

Question 9

Sandra has just received a bad result in her language paper. After telling her parents, she points to her achievement in a recent swimming competition. Steele (1988) calls this strategy:

Accepted Answer

A)  self-affirmation. 
B)  achievement motivation. 
C)  BIRGing. 
D)  self-verification. 
A)  self-affirmation. 
B)  achievement motivation. 
C)  BIRGing. 
D)  self-verification.

Question 10

The need for positive self-esteem:

Accepted Answer

A)  is found only in very special people. 
B)  has been tracked across cultures. 
C)  is an impossible dream. 
D)  leads to depression. 
A)  is found only in very special people. 
B)  has been tracked across cultures. 
C)  is an impossible dream. 
D)  leads to depression.

Question 11

'Personal identity' refers to the self in terms of:

Accepted Answer

A)  unique interpersonal relationships. 
B)  the relational self. 
C)  unique attributes. 
D)  Both A and C 
A)  unique interpersonal relationships. 
B)  the relational self. 
C)  unique attributes. 
D)  Both A and C

Question 12

Research indicates that narcissistic individuals may be more prone to:

Accepted Answer

A)  aggressive outbursts. 
B)  having introverted personalities. 
C)  suffering from deindividuation. 
D)  joining stigmatised groups. 
A)  aggressive outbursts. 
B)  having introverted personalities. 
C)  suffering from deindividuation. 
D)  joining stigmatised groups.

Question 13

Wally is a sales person in a large kitchen utensil shop. He wants everyone to praise his work-including the boss, co-workers, and customers. But he can't stand criticism. Wally's ways of responding are:

Accepted Answer

A)  techniques for manipulating the perceptions of others. 
B)  ways of dealing with problems at home. 
C)  strategies for ensuring that his self-concept remains positive. 
D)  sure signs that he needs a holiday. 
A)  techniques for manipulating the perceptions of others. 
B)  ways of dealing with problems at home. 
C)  strategies for ensuring that his self-concept remains positive. 
D)  sure signs that he needs a holiday.

Question 14

With regard to self and identity, Freud's psychoanalytic theory:

Accepted Answer

A)  argued that the self was only a conscious construct. 
B)  did not even mention the self. 
C)  argued that the self could only be accessed through the unconscious. 
D)  allowed the self to dominate the Id. 
A)  argued that the self was only a conscious construct. 
B)  did not even mention the self. 
C)  argued that the self could only be accessed through the unconscious. 
D)  allowed the self to dominate the Id.

Question 15

Regulatory focus theory:

Accepted Answer

A)  is the theory that our sense of self is regulated between our 'good' days and our 'bad' days. 
B)  is the theory that we infer our own attitudes from our own behaviour. 
C)  differentiates between a promotion focus and a prevention focus when constructing a sense of self. 
D)  defines our sense of self as being closely connected to how we think others see us. 
A)  is the theory that our sense of self is regulated between our 'good' days and our 'bad' days. 
B)  is the theory that we infer our own attitudes from our own behaviour. 
C)  differentiates between a promotion focus and a prevention focus when constructing a sense of self. 
D)  defines our sense of self as being closely connected to how we think others see us.

Question 16

Brewer (2001) has described 'relational social identities'. These define:

Accepted Answer

A)  the real me in terms of my close relatives. 
B)  unique aspects of the person. 
C)  self through particular others in a group setting. 
D)  properties of a membership group. 
A)  the real me in terms of my close relatives. 
B)  unique aspects of the person. 
C)  self through particular others in a group setting. 
D)  properties of a membership group.

Question 17

Justin's goal is to acquire accurate and valid information about himself. Which of the following motives is Justin seeking?

Accepted Answer

A)  Self-enhancement 
B)  Self-affirmation 
C)  Self-righteousness 
D)  Self-assessment 
A)  Self-enhancement 
B)  Self-affirmation 
C)  Self-righteousness 
D)  Self-assessment

Question 18

The theory of symbolic interactionism maintains that:

Accepted Answer

A)  individuals interact with other group members often when they are not there. 
B)  people exchange symbols through both words and non-verbal cues. 
C)  close interactions with others are symbolic, not real. 
D)  groups establish their unique symbols to interact with other groups. 
A)  individuals interact with other group members often when they are not there. 
B)  people exchange symbols through both words and non-verbal cues. 
C)  close interactions with others are symbolic, not real. 
D)  groups establish their unique symbols to interact with other groups.

Question 19

Individuals with low self-esteem:

Accepted Answer

A)  are less flexible and malleable. 
B)  less easily persuaded and influenced. 
C)  want success, but are sceptical of it. 
D)  resilient in the face of failure. 
A)  are less flexible and malleable. 
B)  less easily persuaded and influenced. 
C)  want success, but are sceptical of it. 
D)  resilient in the face of failure.

Question 20

People are self-schematic on dimensions:

Accepted Answer

A)  that are important to them. 
B)  on which they think they are extreme. 
C)  on which they are certain the opposite does not hold. 
D)  All of the above 
A)  that are important to them. 
B)  on which they think they are extreme. 
C)  on which they are certain the opposite does not hold. 
D)  All of the above

According to Sedikides (1993), which self-motive was the weakest?

Research indicates that pre-adolescent children from an ethnic minority who prefer to be members of the ethnic majority:

Sherif's (1936) research on how norms emerge from interaction and are internalised to influence behaviour draws directly from:

Tara feels insecure. You advise her to refrain from comparing herself with people who she thinks are 'superior'. Your advice is a key point in:

At a girls' summer camp Maria has just been assigned to a group called the 'Rosebuds', one of six separate groups that will interact from time to time at the camp. It is likely that if she needs to make a decision about allocating rewards, she will:

Studies suggest that people in Western cultures conceptualise the self as while people in Eastern cultures tend to conceptualise the self as .

According to self-discrepancy theory, how we think we should be refers to:

Studies of African American children carried out before and after the Second World War showed that:

Sandra has just received a bad result in her language paper. After telling her parents, she points to her achievement in a recent swimming competition. Steele (1988) calls this strategy:

The need for positive self-esteem:

'Personal identity' refers to the self in terms of:

Research indicates that narcissistic individuals may be more prone to:

Wally is a sales person in a large kitchen utensil shop. He wants everyone to praise his work-including the boss, co-workers, and customers. But he can't stand criticism. Wally's ways of responding are:

With regard to self and identity, Freud's psychoanalytic theory:

Regulatory focus theory:

Brewer (2001) has described 'relational social identities'. These define:

Justin's goal is to acquire accurate and valid information about himself. Which of the following motives is Justin seeking?

The theory of symbolic interactionism maintains that:

Individuals with low self-esteem:

People are self-schematic on dimensions:

Introducing Social Psychology

Social Cognition and Social Thinking

Attribution and Social Explanation

Attitudes

Persuasion and Attitude Change

Social Influence

People in Groups

Leadership and Group Decision Making

Prejudice and Discrimination

Intergroup Behaviour

Aggression

Prosocial Behaviour

Attraction and Close Relationships

Language and Communication

Culture

Filters

Exam 4: Self and Identity

According to Sedikides (1993), which self-motive was the weakest?

Research indicates that pre-adolescent children from an ethnic minority who prefer to be members of the ethnic majority:

Sherif's (1936) research on how norms emerge from interaction and are internalised to influence behaviour draws directly from:

Tara feels insecure. You advise her to refrain from comparing herself with people who she thinks are 'superior'. Your advice is a key point in:

At a girls' summer camp Maria has just been assigned to a group called the 'Rosebuds', one of six separate groups that will interact from time to time at the camp. It is likely that if she needs to make a decision about allocating rewards, she will:

Studies suggest that people in Western cultures conceptualise the self as ________ while people in Eastern cultures tend to conceptualise the self as ________.

According to self-discrepancy theory, how we think we should be refers to:

Studies of African American children carried out before and after the Second World War showed that:

Sandra has just received a bad result in her language paper. After telling her parents, she points to her achievement in a recent swimming competition. Steele (1988) calls this strategy:

The need for positive self-esteem:

'Personal identity' refers to the self in terms of:

Research indicates that narcissistic individuals may be more prone to:

Wally is a sales person in a large kitchen utensil shop. He wants everyone to praise his work-including the boss, co-workers, and customers. But he can't stand criticism. Wally's ways of responding are:

With regard to self and identity, Freud's psychoanalytic theory:

Regulatory focus theory:

Brewer (2001) has described 'relational social identities'. These define:

Justin's goal is to acquire accurate and valid information about himself. Which of the following motives is Justin seeking?

The theory of symbolic interactionism maintains that:

Individuals with low self-esteem:

People are self-schematic on dimensions:

Introducing Social Psychology

Social Cognition and Social Thinking

Attribution and Social Explanation

Attitudes

Persuasion and Attitude Change

Social Influence

People in Groups

Leadership and Group Decision Making

Prejudice and Discrimination

Intergroup Behaviour

Aggression

Prosocial Behaviour

Attraction and Close Relationships

Language and Communication

Culture

Filters

Studies suggest that people in Western cultures conceptualise the self as while people in Eastern cultures tend to conceptualise the self as .