Question 1

Bone deposition exceeds bone resorption when bones are stressed through compression or tension.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

What structure allows the diaphysis of the bone to increase in length?

Accepted Answer

A)  epiphyseal plate 
B)  epiphyseal line 
C)  lacunae 
D)  osteon 
A)  epiphyseal plate 
B)  epiphyseal line 
C)  lacunae 
D)  osteon

Question 3

Within the epiphyseal plate, which zone houses actively dividing cartilage cells in their lacunae?

Accepted Answer

A)  zone of reserve cartilage 
B)  zone of proliferation 
C)  zone of hypertrophy 
D)  zone of ossification 
A)  zone of reserve cartilage 
B)  zone of proliferation 
C)  zone of hypertrophy 
D)  zone of ossification

Question 4

What type of bone is adapted to withstand stresses arriving from many directions?

Accepted Answer

A)  lamellar bone 
B)  compact bone 
C)  spongy bone 
D)  osteon bone 
A)  lamellar bone 
B)  compact bone 
C)  spongy bone 
D)  osteon bone

Question 5

Bone is the most important storehouse in the body for minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium salts.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Primary ossification centers develop in long bones in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  periosteum. 
B)  articular cartilage. 
C)  diaphysis. 
D)  epiphyses. 
A)  periosteum. 
B)  articular cartilage. 
C)  diaphysis. 
D)  epiphyses.

Question 7

As a result of the increase of testosterone at puberty for males:

Accepted Answer

A)  intramembranous ossification increases. 
B)  appositional bone growth increases. 
C)  osteoblasts increase the rate of bone resorption. 
D)  epiphyseal plates widen rapidly. 
A)  intramembranous ossification increases. 
B)  appositional bone growth increases. 
C)  osteoblasts increase the rate of bone resorption. 
D)  epiphyseal plates widen rapidly.

Question 8

What tissue serves as the model for bones formed during endochondral ossification?

Accepted Answer

A)  hyaline cartilage 
B)  fibrocartilage 
C)  spongy bone 
D)  compact bone 
A)  hyaline cartilage 
B)  fibrocartilage 
C)  spongy bone 
D)  compact bone

Question 9

Thin, broad bones should be classified as:

Accepted Answer

A)  irregular bones. 
B)  flat bones. 
C)  short bones. 
D)  long bones. 
A)  irregular bones. 
B)  flat bones. 
C)  short bones. 
D)  long bones.

Question 10

How are carpals and tarsals classified by shape?

Accepted Answer

A)  short bones 
B)  long bones 
C)  irregular bones 
D)  flat bones 
A)  short bones 
B)  long bones 
C)  irregular bones 
D)  flat bones

Question 11

What is the first step of bone repair?

Accepted Answer

A)  soft callus formation 
B)  bone callus formation 
C)  hematoma formation 
D)  primary bone is replaced with secondary bone 
A)  soft callus formation 
B)  bone callus formation 
C)  hematoma formation 
D)  primary bone is replaced with secondary bone

Question 12

The predominant ingredient of the inorganic matrix is calcium salts, with the majority existing as large molecules of hydroxyapatite crystals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

In the laboratory, your professor presents a bone for study. She explains it has a
diaphysis and epiphyses. Determine the type of bone, by shape, that she has presented and explain how you came to your conclusion.

Accepted Answer

Short, flat, irregular, and sesamoid bon

Question 14

What is the last process to occur in the epiphyseal plate?

Accepted Answer

A)  maturation 
B)  calcification 
C)  proliferation 
D)  ossification 
A)  maturation 
B)  calcification 
C)  proliferation 
D)  ossification

Question 15

What do fibroblasts contribute to bone repair?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fibroblasts direct the transition from primary bone to secondary bone. 
B)  Fibroblasts secrete hyaline cartilage to form a soft callus. 
C)  Fibroblasts form new collagen fibers to bridge the gap between bone fragments. 
D)  Fibroblasts form the hematoma that involves a mass of blood cells. 
A)  Fibroblasts direct the transition from primary bone to secondary bone. 
B)  Fibroblasts secrete hyaline cartilage to form a soft callus. 
C)  Fibroblasts form new collagen fibers to bridge the gap between bone fragments. 
D)  Fibroblasts form the hematoma that involves a mass of blood cells.

Question 16

Summarize the differences between intramembranous and endochondral ossification.

Accepted Answer

There are two types of ossification-intr

Question 17

Relatively inactive bone cells that help to maintain the ECM are:

Accepted Answer

A)  osteoblasts. 
B)  osteogenic cells. 
C)  osteocytes. 
D)  osteoclasts. 
A)  osteoblasts. 
B)  osteogenic cells. 
C)  osteocytes. 
D)  osteoclasts.

Question 18

What is NOT an effect of growth hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)  Growth hormone directly stimulates osteoblasts in the periosteum to promote appositional growth. 
B)  Growth hormone increases the rate of mitosis in the epiphyseal plate of growing bones. 
C)  Growth hormone promotes the closure of the epiphyseal plate. 
D)  Growth hormone increases the activity of osteogenic cells. 
A)  Growth hormone directly stimulates osteoblasts in the periosteum to promote appositional growth. 
B)  Growth hormone increases the rate of mitosis in the epiphyseal plate of growing bones. 
C)  Growth hormone promotes the closure of the epiphyseal plate. 
D)  Growth hormone increases the activity of osteogenic cells.

Question 19

A radiograph reveals epiphyseal lines in the long bones of a 12 -year -old's hand. Which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  More growth will occur during the teenage years as sex hormones stimulate rebuilding of epiphyseal plates. 
B)  Administration of growth hormone will stimulate further bone growth in length. 
C)  Intramembranous ossification will enable continued growth in length. 
D)  The epiphyseal plates have ossified and further growth in length is not possible. 
A)  More growth will occur during the teenage years as sex hormones stimulate rebuilding of epiphyseal plates. 
B)  Administration of growth hormone will stimulate further bone growth in length. 
C)  Intramembranous ossification will enable continued growth in length. 
D)  The epiphyseal plates have ossified and further growth in length is not possible.

Question 20

Appositional growth produces:

Accepted Answer

A)  growth in length. 
B)  intramembranous ossification. 
C)  endochondral ossification. 
D)  growth in width. 
A)  growth in length. 
B)  intramembranous ossification. 
C)  endochondral ossification. 
D)  growth in width.

Exam 6: Bones and Bone Tissue

Bone deposition exceeds bone resorption when bones are stressed through compression or tension.

What structure allows the diaphysis of the bone to increase in length?

Within the epiphyseal plate, which zone houses actively dividing cartilage cells in their lacunae?

What type of bone is adapted to withstand stresses arriving from many directions?

Bone is the most important storehouse in the body for minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium salts.

Primary ossification centers develop in long bones in the:

As a result of the increase of testosterone at puberty for males:

What tissue serves as the model for bones formed during endochondral ossification?

Thin, broad bones should be classified as:

How are carpals and tarsals classified by shape?

What is the first step of bone repair?

The predominant ingredient of the inorganic matrix is calcium salts, with the majority existing as large molecules of hydroxyapatite crystals.

In the laboratory, your professor presents a bone for study. She explains it has a diaphysis and epiphyses. Determine the type of bone, by shape, that she has presented and explain how you came to your conclusion.

What is the last process to occur in the epiphyseal plate?

What do fibroblasts contribute to bone repair?

Summarize the differences between intramembranous and endochondral ossification.

Relatively inactive bone cells that help to maintain the ECM are:

What is NOT an effect of growth hormone?

A radiograph reveals epiphyseal lines in the long bones of a 12 -year -old's hand. Which of the following statements is correct?

Appositional growth produces:

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A radiograph reveals epiphyseal lines in the long bones of a 12 ^-year ^-old's hand. Which of the following statements is correct?