Exam 11: Introduction to the Nervous System Nervous Tissue

Rabies is caused by a virus that attacks the central nervous system.The virus is normally introduced by an animal bite that breaks the surface of the skin.Since the virus is not motile,how does it travel to the central nervous system?

Since Jerry's accident,he has had no sensations in his injured leg.Based on the functional classifications of neurons,discuss the type of neuron that has been damaged.Why has he not regained lost nerve function?

Cholinergic synapses use the neurotransmitter:

Which neuroglial cell helps form the blood-brain barrier?

Sarah sensed a mosquito land on her arm and swatted it away with her hand.Which specific PNS division was responsible for the movement of Sarah's hand?

What specific type of gated channel opens or closes in response to physical distortion of the membrane surface,such as vibrations or pressure?

The porcupinefish produces a toxin that binds voltage-gated sodium channels.Determine the effect of the toxin on nerve function.

Summation that results from the cumulative effect of multiple synapses at multiple places on the neuron is designated:

Place these steps of the action potential in the correct order. 1)Sodium ions channels return to the resting state and repolarization continues. 2)Voltage-gated sodium ion channels activate,sodium ions enter,and the axon section depolarize 3)As potassium ion channels return to resting state,the axolemma may hyperpolarize before retur to the resting membrane potential. 4)A local potential depolarizes the axolemma of the trigger zone to threshold. 5)Sodium ion channels inactivate,and voltage-gated potassium ion channels activate,so sodium i stop entering and potassium ions leave,beginning repolarization.

Neurotransmitters that bind ionotropic receptors control:

Which neuropeptide neurotransmitter is released from fibers transmitting sensory information about pain and temperature?

Bipolar neurons have one axon and one dendrite.

Explain how leak channels and gated channels differ.

Bundles of axons known as tracts are part of the:

Which of the following is the primary factor in the maintenance of a cell's negative charge during resting membrane potential?

The autonomic nervous system does NOT carry signals to:

The nerve agent,sarin,was developed during World War II to block the effects of acetylcholinesterase.Explain the effects of this nerve agent on the chemical synapse.

The sensory,or afferent,division of the peripheral nervous system carries information from the brain and spinal cord to effector organs.

Explain how a polarized neuron differs from a hyperpolarized neuron.

Discuss the type of glial cell that becomes activated within a brain region affected by injury.