Exam 16: Externalities the Environment and Natural Resources

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Economic theory predicted that the price of a depletable resource would rise by 10 percent.In reality, the price fell by 5 percent.Which of the following events could explain this discrepancy?

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Taxes on emissions have led to

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Americans are creating an enormous amount of solid waste daily-over 4 pounds per person per day.How is the United States coping with this extraordinary problem?

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Under an emissions tax program, the government sets ____; under an emissions permits program, the government sets ____.

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Emissions permits might be called a "license to pollute."

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Rising prices help control the process of resource depletion by

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Centrally planned economies are able to cope with environmental pollution issues much better than capitalist countries.

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Suppose that because of climatic conditions, the smog levels in Los Angeles suddenly soar to dangerous levels.The most successful policy in this case would be

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Economists believe it is feasible and desirable to reduce environmental damage to zero.

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If not recycled, an input used in production ultimately winds up as a waste product.

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By the year 2100, global warming may lead to

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Explain what a "cap and trade" program is and how it works.Does the U.S.have a cap and trade program? If so, is it successful?

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Under EPA regulations, a factory

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The deregulation of oil pricing will

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Supply and demand analysis

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Direct controls are generally much more costly than emissions taxes because

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Taxes on polluting emissions are

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The external costs of alcohol consumption are related to, among other things, death and injury related to auto accidents caused by drunk drivers.These costs have been estimated to be about 47 cents per ounce of alcohol consumed.Taxes on alcohol amount to 23 cents per ounce.This suggests that alcohol consumption is (i) greater than the efficient or optimal amount; (ii) should be reduced to zero to eliminate the externality.

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The environmental problems of China:

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In practice, taxes on emissions of pollutants have been found to

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