Question 1

Which combination of factors will increase the chances of rejecting the null hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A) a large standard error and a large alpha level 
B) a large standard error and a small alpha level 
C) a small standard error and a large alpha level 
D) a small standard error and a small alpha level 
A) a large standard error and a large alpha level 
B) a large standard error and a small alpha level 
C) a small standard error and a large alpha level 
D) a small standard error and a small alpha level

Question 2

Which of the following accurately describes the critical region?

Accepted Answer

A) outcomes with a very low probability if the null hypothesis is true 
B) outcomes with a high probability if the null hypothesis is true 
C) outcomes with a very low probability whether or not the null hypothesis is true 
D) outcomes with a high probability whether or not the null hypothesis is true 
A) outcomes with a very low probability if the null hypothesis is true 
B) outcomes with a high probability if the null hypothesis is true 
C) outcomes with a very low probability whether or not the null hypothesis is true 
D) outcomes with a high probability whether or not the null hypothesis is true

Question 3

A researcher administers a treatment to a sample of participants selected from a population with µ = 80.If the researcher obtains a sample mean of M = 88, which combination of factors is most likely to result in rejecting the null hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A) σ = 5 and n = 25 
B) σ = 5 and n = 50 
C) σ = 10 and n = 25 
D) σ = 10 and n = 50 
A) σ = 5 and n = 25 
B) σ = 5 and n = 50 
C) σ = 10 and n = 25 
D) σ = 10 and n = 50

Question 4

Under what circumstances can a very small treatment effect can still be significant?

Accepted Answer

A) if the sample size (n) is very large 
B) if the sample standard deviation (σ) is very large 
C) if the standard error of M (σ M) is very large 
D) All of the other factors are likely to produce a significant result. 
A) if the sample size (n) is very large 
B) if the sample standard deviation (σ) is very large 
C) if the standard error of M (σ M) is very large 
D) All of the other factors are likely to produce a significant result.

Question 5

The null hypothesis states that the sample mean (after treatment) is equal to the original population mean (before treatment).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

A treatment is administered to a sample of n = 9 individuals selected from a population with a mean of µ = 80 and a standard deviation of σ = 12.After treatment, the effect size is measured by computing Cohen's d, and a value of d = 0.50 is obtained.Based on this information, what is the mean for the treated sample?

Accepted Answer

A) M = 6 
B) M = 82 
C) M = 86 
D) Cannot answer without knowing the sample size. 
A) M = 6 
B) M = 82 
C) M = 86 
D) Cannot answer without knowing the sample size.

Question 7

A researcher is conducting an experiment to evaluate a treatment that is expected to increase the scores for individuals in a population which is known to have a mean of μ = 80.The results will be examined using a one-tailed hypothesis test.Which of the following is the correct statement of the null hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A) μ > 80 B) μ ≥ 80 C) μ < 80 D) μ ≤ 80 A) μ > 80 B) μ ≥ 80 C) μ < 80 D) μ ≤ 80

Question 8

A significant treatment effect does not necessarily indicate a large treatment effect.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

If the sample data are in the critical region with α = .05, then the same sample data would still be in the critical region if α were changed to .01.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Most researchers would like the hypothesis test to reject the null hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

If the sample data are in the critical region with α = .01, then the same sample data would still be in the critical region if α were changed to .05.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The null hypothesis is stated in terms of the population, even though the data come from a sample.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Even if a treatment has an effect it is still possible to obtain a sample mean that is very similar to the original population mean.What outcome is likely if this happens?

Accepted Answer

A) reject H0 and make a Type I error 
B) correctly reject H0  
C) fail to reject H0 and make a Type II error 
D) correctly fail to reject H0 
A) reject H0 and make a Type I error 
B) correctly reject H0  
C) fail to reject H0 and make a Type II error 
D) correctly fail to reject H0

Question 14

A researcher administers a treatment to a sample of participants selected from a population with µ = 80.If the researcher obtains a sample mean of M = 88, which combination of factors is most likely to result in rejecting the null hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A) σ = 5 and α = .01 
B) σ = 5 and α = .05 
C) σ = 10 and α = .01 
D) σ = 10 and α = .05 
A) σ = 5 and α = .01 
B) σ = 5 and α = .05 
C) σ = 10 and α = .01 
D) σ = 10 and α = .05

Question 15

If a research report includes the term significant result, it means that the null hypothesis was rejected.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

A two-tailed hypothesis test is being used to evaluate a treatment effect with ? = .05.If the sample data produce a z-score of z = -2.24, then what is the correct decision?

Accepted Answer

A) Reject the null hypothesis and conclude that the treatment has no effect. 
B) Reject the null hypothesis and conclude that the treatment has an effect. 
C) Fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude that the treatment has no effect. 
D) Fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude that the treatment has an effect. 
A) Reject the null hypothesis and conclude that the treatment has no effect. 
B) Reject the null hypothesis and conclude that the treatment has an effect. 
C) Fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude that the treatment has no effect. 
D) Fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude that the treatment has an effect.

Question 17

What is measured by the numerator of the z-score test statistic?

Accepted Answer

A) the average distance between M and µ that would be expected if H0 was true 
B) the actual distance between M and µ 
C) the position of the sample mean relative to the critical region 
D) whether or not there is a significant difference between M and µ 
A) the average distance between M and µ that would be expected if H0 was true 
B) the actual distance between M and µ 
C) the position of the sample mean relative to the critical region 
D) whether or not there is a significant difference between M and µ

Question 18

When is there a risk of a Type I error?

Accepted Answer

A) whenever H0 is rejected 
B) whenever H1 is rejected 
C) whenever the decision is "fail to reject H0" 
D) The risk of a Type I error is independent of the decision from a hypothesis test. 
A) whenever H0 is rejected 
B) whenever H1 is rejected 
C) whenever the decision is "fail to reject H0" 
D) The risk of a Type I error is independent of the decision from a hypothesis test.

Question 19

A Type I error occurs when a treatment has no effect but the decision is to reject the null hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

By selecting a larger alpha level, a researcher is ______.

Accepted Answer

A) attempting to make it easier to reject H0 
B) better able to detect a treatment effect 
C) increasing the risk of a Type I error 
D) All of the above 
A) attempting to make it easier to reject H0 
B) better able to detect a treatment effect 
C) increasing the risk of a Type I error 
D) All of the above

Which combination of factors will increase the chances of rejecting the null hypothesis?

Which of the following accurately describes the critical region?

A researcher administers a treatment to a sample of participants selected from a population with µ = 80.If the researcher obtains a sample mean of M = 88, which combination of factors is most likely to result in rejecting the null hypothesis?

Under what circumstances can a very small treatment effect can still be significant?

The null hypothesis states that the sample mean (after treatment) is equal to the original population mean (before treatment).

A significant treatment effect does not necessarily indicate a large treatment effect.

If the sample data are in the critical region with α = .05, then the same sample data would still be in the critical region if α were changed to .01.

Most researchers would like the hypothesis test to reject the null hypothesis.

If the sample data are in the critical region with α = .01, then the same sample data would still be in the critical region if α were changed to .05.

The null hypothesis is stated in terms of the population, even though the data come from a sample.

Even if a treatment has an effect it is still possible to obtain a sample mean that is very similar to the original population mean.What outcome is likely if this happens?

A researcher administers a treatment to a sample of participants selected from a population with µ = 80.If the researcher obtains a sample mean of M = 88, which combination of factors is most likely to result in rejecting the null hypothesis?

If a research report includes the term significant result, it means that the null hypothesis was rejected.

A two-tailed hypothesis test is being used to evaluate a treatment effect with ? = .05.If the sample data produce a z-score of z = -2.24, then what is the correct decision?

What is measured by the numerator of the z-score test statistic?

When is there a risk of a Type I error?

A Type I error occurs when a treatment has no effect but the decision is to reject the null hypothesis.

By selecting a larger alpha level, a researcher is ______.

Introduction to Statistics

Frequency Distributions

Central Tendency

Variability

Z-Scores

Probability

The Distribution of Sample Means

Introduction to the T Statistic

The T Test for Two Independent Samples

The T Test for Two Related Samples

Introduction to Analysis of Variance

Repeated-Measures Anova

Two-Factor Analysis of Variance

Correlation

Introduction to Regression

Chi-Square Tests

The Binomial Test

Choosing the Right Statistics

Filters

Exam 8: Introduction to Hypothesis Testing

Which combination of factors will increase the chances of rejecting the null hypothesis?

Which of the following accurately describes the critical region?

A researcher administers a treatment to a sample of participants selected from a population with µ = 80.If the researcher obtains a sample mean of M = 88, which combination of factors is most likely to result in rejecting the null hypothesis?

Under what circumstances can a very small treatment effect can still be significant?

The null hypothesis states that the sample mean (after treatment) is equal to the original population mean (before treatment).

A significant treatment effect does not necessarily indicate a large treatment effect.

If the sample data are in the critical region with α = .05, then the same sample data would still be in the critical region if α were changed to .01.

Most researchers would like the hypothesis test to reject the null hypothesis.

If the sample data are in the critical region with α = .01, then the same sample data would still be in the critical region if α were changed to .05.

The null hypothesis is stated in terms of the population, even though the data come from a sample.

Even if a treatment has an effect it is still possible to obtain a sample mean that is very similar to the original population mean.What outcome is likely if this happens?

A researcher administers a treatment to a sample of participants selected from a population with µ = 80.If the researcher obtains a sample mean of M = 88, which combination of factors is most likely to result in rejecting the null hypothesis?

If a research report includes the term significant result, it means that the null hypothesis was rejected.

A two-tailed hypothesis test is being used to evaluate a treatment effect with ? = .05.If the sample data produce a z-score of z = -2.24, then what is the correct decision?

What is measured by the numerator of the z-score test statistic?

When is there a risk of a Type I error?

A Type I error occurs when a treatment has no effect but the decision is to reject the null hypothesis.

By selecting a larger alpha level, a researcher is ______.

Introduction to Statistics

Frequency Distributions

Central Tendency

Variability

Z-Scores

Probability

The Distribution of Sample Means

Introduction to the T Statistic

The T Test for Two Independent Samples

The T Test for Two Related Samples

Introduction to Analysis of Variance

Repeated-Measures Anova

Two-Factor Analysis of Variance

Correlation

Introduction to Regression

Chi-Square Tests

The Binomial Test

Choosing the Right Statistics

Filters