Question 1

Which of the following accurately describes the observed frequencies for a chi-square test?

Accepted Answer

A) They are always whole numbers. 
B) They can contain fractions or decimal values. 
C) They can contain both positive and negative values. 
D) They can contain fractions and negative numbers. 
A) They are always whole numbers. 
B) They can contain fractions or decimal values. 
C) They can contain both positive and negative values. 
D) They can contain fractions and negative numbers.

Question 2

A researcher selects a sample of 100 people to investigate the relationship between gender (male/female) and registering to vote.The sample consists of 40 females, of whom 30 are registered voters, and 60 males, of whom 40 are registered voters.If these data were used for a chi-square test for independence, what is the expected frequency for registered females?

Accepted Answer

A) 12 
B) 28 
C) 40 
D) 42 
A) 12 
B) 28 
C) 40 
D) 42

Question 3

For either chi-square test, Σfe = n.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

How does the difference between fe and fo influence the outcome of a chi-square test?

Accepted Answer

A) The larger the difference, the larger the value of chi-square and the greater the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis. 
B) The larger the difference, the larger the value of chi-square and the lower the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis. 
C) The larger the difference, the smaller the value of chi-square and the greater the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis. 
D) The larger the difference, the smaller the value of chi-square and the lower the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis. 
A) The larger the difference, the larger the value of chi-square and the greater the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis. 
B) The larger the difference, the larger the value of chi-square and the lower the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis. 
C) The larger the difference, the smaller the value of chi-square and the greater the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis. 
D) The larger the difference, the smaller the value of chi-square and the lower the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis.

Question 5

Ten years ago, only 15% of the U.S.population consisted of people more than 65 years old.A researcher plans to use a sample of n = 300 people to determine whether the population distribution has changed during the past ten years.If a chi-square test is used to evaluate the data, what is the expected frequency for the older-than-65 category?

Accepted Answer

A) 15 
B) 30 
C) 45 
D) 150 
A) 15 
B) 30 
C) 45 
D) 150

Question 6

For a fixed level of significance, the critical value for chi-square will ______.

Accepted Answer

A) increase as the df value increases. 
B) decrease as the df value increases. 
C) increase as the sample size increases. 
D) decrease as the sample size increases. 
A) increase as the df value increases. 
B) decrease as the df value increases. 
C) increase as the sample size increases. 
D) decrease as the sample size increases.

Question 7

The chi-square test for goodness of fit evaluates the distribution for one variable, and the test for independence evaluates the relationship between two variables.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

What happens to the critical value for a chi-square test if the size of the sample is increased?

Accepted Answer

A) The critical value also increases. 
B) The critical value decreases. 
C) The critical value depends on the number of categories, not the sample size. 
D) The critical value is determined entirely by the alpha level. 
A) The critical value also increases. 
B) The critical value decreases. 
C) The critical value depends on the number of categories, not the sample size. 
D) The critical value is determined entirely by the alpha level.

Question 9

One characteristic of the chi-square tests is that they can be used when the data are measured on a nominal scale.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

A researcher is conducting a chi-square test for independence to evaluate the relationship between gender and preference for three different designs for a new automobile.Each individual in a sample of n = 30 males and n = 30 females selects a favorite design from the three choices.If the researcher obtains a chi-square statistic of χ2 = 4.81, what is the appropriate statistical decision for the test?

Accepted Answer

A) Reject the null hypothesis with α = .05 but not with α = .01. 
B) Reject the null hypothesis with either α = .05 or α = .01. 
C) Fail to reject the null hypothesis with either α = .05 or α = .01. 
D) There is not enough information to determine the appropriate decision. 
A) Reject the null hypothesis with α = .05 but not with α = .01. 
B) Reject the null hypothesis with either α = .05 or α = .01. 
C) Fail to reject the null hypothesis with either α = .05 or α = .01. 
D) There is not enough information to determine the appropriate decision.

Question 11

What is stated by the null hypothesis for the chi-square test for independence?

Accepted Answer

A) There is a relationship between the two variables. 
B) There is no relationship between the two variables. 
C) Both variables have the same frequency distribution. 
D) The two variables have different frequency distributions. 
A) There is a relationship between the two variables. 
B) There is no relationship between the two variables. 
C) Both variables have the same frequency distribution. 
D) The two variables have different frequency distributions.

Question 12

A chi-square test for goodness of fit has df = 2.How many categories were used to classify the individuals in the sample?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 3 
C) 4 
D) cannot be determined without additional information 
A) 2 
B) 3 
C) 4 
D) cannot be determined without additional information

Question 13

A researcher selects a sample of 100 people to investigate the relationship between gender (male/female) and registering to vote.The sample consists of 40 females, of whom 30 are registered voters, and 60 males, of whom 40 are registered voters.If these data were used for a chi-square test for independence, what is the observed frequency for registered males?

Accepted Answer

A) 12 
B) 28 
C) 40 
D) 42 
A) 12 
B) 28 
C) 40 
D) 42

Question 14

Which of the following accurately describes the chi?square distribution?

Accepted Answer

A) symmetrical with a mean of zero 
B) positively skewed with all values greater than or equal to zero 
C) negatively skewed with all values greater than or equal to zero 
D) symmetrical with a mean equal to n - 1 
A) symmetrical with a mean of zero 
B) positively skewed with all values greater than or equal to zero 
C) negatively skewed with all values greater than or equal to zero 
D) symmetrical with a mean equal to n - 1

Question 15

For a chi-square test, the expected frequencies are calculated values that are intended to produce a sample that is representative of the null hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The chi-square test for independence is similar to a correlation because it evaluates the relationship between two variables.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

A sample of 100 people is classified by gender (male/female) and by whether or not they are registered voters.The sample consists of 80 females and 20 males, and has a total of 60 registered voters.If these data were used for a chi-square test for independence, what is the expected frequency for males who are registered voters?

Accepted Answer

A) 12 
B) 20 
C) 40 
D) cannot determine without additional information 
A) 12 
B) 20 
C) 40 
D) cannot determine without additional information

Question 18

The chi-square distribution tends to be symmetrical with a mean of μ = 0.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Under what conditions is Cramér's V used to measure effect size for a chi-square test for independence?

Accepted Answer

A) When both variables consist of exactly two categories 
B) When both variables consist of more than two categories 
C) When either of the two variables consists of exactly two categories 
D) When either of the two variables consists of more than two categories 
A) When both variables consist of exactly two categories 
B) When both variables consist of more than two categories 
C) When either of the two variables consists of exactly two categories 
D) When either of the two variables consists of more than two categories

Question 20

The observed frequencies for a chi-square test are always whole numbers (no fractions or decimals).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Which of the following accurately describes the observed frequencies for a chi-square test?

For either chi-square test, Σf_e = n.

How does the difference between f_e and f_o influence the outcome of a chi-square test?

For a fixed level of significance, the critical value for chi-square will ______.

The chi-square test for goodness of fit evaluates the distribution for one variable, and the test for independence evaluates the relationship between two variables.

What happens to the critical value for a chi-square test if the size of the sample is increased?

One characteristic of the chi-square tests is that they can be used when the data are measured on a nominal scale.

What is stated by the null hypothesis for the chi-square test for independence?

A chi-square test for goodness of fit has df = 2.How many categories were used to classify the individuals in the sample?

Which of the following accurately describes the chi?square distribution?

For a chi-square test, the expected frequencies are calculated values that are intended to produce a sample that is representative of the null hypothesis.

The chi-square test for independence is similar to a correlation because it evaluates the relationship between two variables.

The chi-square distribution tends to be symmetrical with a mean of μ = 0.

Under what conditions is Cramér's V used to measure effect size for a chi-square test for independence?

The observed frequencies for a chi-square test are always whole numbers (no fractions or decimals).

Introduction to Statistics

Frequency Distributions

Central Tendency

Variability

Z-Scores

Probability

The Distribution of Sample Means

Introduction to Hypothesis Testing

Introduction to the T Statistic

The T Test for Two Independent Samples

The T Test for Two Related Samples

Introduction to Analysis of Variance

Repeated-Measures Anova

Two-Factor Analysis of Variance

Correlation

Introduction to Regression

The Binomial Test

Choosing the Right Statistics

Filters

Exam 17: Chi-Square Tests

Which of the following accurately describes the observed frequencies for a chi-square test?

For either chi-square test, Σfe = n.

How does the difference between fe and fo influence the outcome of a chi-square test?

For a fixed level of significance, the critical value for chi-square will ______.

The chi-square test for goodness of fit evaluates the distribution for one variable, and the test for independence evaluates the relationship between two variables.

What happens to the critical value for a chi-square test if the size of the sample is increased?

One characteristic of the chi-square tests is that they can be used when the data are measured on a nominal scale.

What is stated by the null hypothesis for the chi-square test for independence?

A chi-square test for goodness of fit has df = 2.How many categories were used to classify the individuals in the sample?

Which of the following accurately describes the chi?square distribution?

For a chi-square test, the expected frequencies are calculated values that are intended to produce a sample that is representative of the null hypothesis.

The chi-square test for independence is similar to a correlation because it evaluates the relationship between two variables.

The chi-square distribution tends to be symmetrical with a mean of μ = 0.

Under what conditions is Cramér's V used to measure effect size for a chi-square test for independence?

The observed frequencies for a chi-square test are always whole numbers (no fractions or decimals).

Introduction to Statistics

Frequency Distributions

Central Tendency

Variability

Z-Scores

Probability

The Distribution of Sample Means

Introduction to Hypothesis Testing

Introduction to the T Statistic

The T Test for Two Independent Samples

The T Test for Two Related Samples

Introduction to Analysis of Variance

Repeated-Measures Anova

Two-Factor Analysis of Variance

Correlation

Introduction to Regression

The Binomial Test

Choosing the Right Statistics

Filters

For either chi-square test, Σf_e = n.

How does the difference between f_e and f_o influence the outcome of a chi-square test?