Question 1

In humans, the sex of the offspring is determined by the

Accepted Answer

A)  autosomes carried by the egg cell. 
B)  sex chromosome carried by the sperm cell. 
C)  autosomes carried by the sperm cell. 
D)  cytoplasm carried by the egg cell. 
E)  sex chromosome carried by the egg cell. 
A)  autosomes carried by the egg cell. 
B)  sex chromosome carried by the sperm cell. 
C)  autosomes carried by the sperm cell. 
D)  cytoplasm carried by the egg cell. 
E)  sex chromosome carried by the egg cell.

Question 2

What are the possible gamete genotypes of an organism that has the genotype HhTt if the two genes are located on separate chromosomes and therefore not linked?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the possible gamete genotypes of...

Question 3

What type of allele produces its effects in only homozygous individuals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diploid 
B)  Haploid 
C)  Recessive 
D)  Dominant 
A)  Diploid 
B)  Haploid 
C)  Recessive 
D)  Dominant

Question 4

If, in a heterozygous individual, only one allele is expressed in the phenotype, that allele is

Accepted Answer

A)  recessive. 
B)  normal. 
C)  haploid. 
D)  dominant. 
E)  potent. 
A)  recessive. 
B)  normal. 
C)  haploid. 
D)  dominant. 
E)  potent.

Question 5

Color deficiency is more common in men than in women because

Accepted Answer

A)  crossing over occurs only in women. 
B)  men get more copies of the gene than do women. 
C)  women cannot inherit the gene from their fathers. 
D)  the gene is located on the Y chromosome. 
E)  men have only one X chromosome. 
A)  crossing over occurs only in women. 
B)  men get more copies of the gene than do women. 
C)  women cannot inherit the gene from their fathers. 
D)  the gene is located on the Y chromosome. 
E)  men have only one X chromosome.

Question 6

Suppose you cross a pea plant with yellow, smooth seeds with one that has green, wrinkled seeds. You examine the seeds of 967 offspring and find that some have yellow, smooth seeds and some have yellow, wrinkled seeds, but no green seeds of either type show up. What is the genotype of the yellow- seeded parent? (Y = yellow, y = green; S = smooth, s = wrinkled)

Accepted Answer

A)  YYss 
B)  YYSs 
C)  YySS 
D)  YySs 
E)  YYSS 
A)  YYss 
B)  YYSs 
C)  YySS 
D)  YySs 
E)  YYSS

Question 7

Which of the following is the most common chromosome disorder among live- born infants?

Accepted Answer

A)  Trisomy X 
B)  Down syndrome 
C)  Klinefelter syndrome 
D)  Turner syndrome 
A)  Trisomy X 
B)  Down syndrome 
C)  Klinefelter syndrome 
D)  Turner syndrome

Question 8

Sickle- cell anemia is caused by a

Accepted Answer

A)  combined interaction of several genes. 
B)  recessive sex- linked gene. 
C)  dominant autosomal gene. 
D)  recessive autosomal gene. 
E)  simple dominant gene. 
A)  combined interaction of several genes. 
B)  recessive sex- linked gene. 
C)  dominant autosomal gene. 
D)  recessive autosomal gene. 
E)  simple dominant gene.

Question 9

What is the difference between phenotype and genotype?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phenotype is the physical expression of a trait and genotype is the combination of alleles carried by the organism. 
B)  Genotype is the physical expression of a trait and phenotype is the combination of alleles carried by the organism. 
C)  Phenotype is when both alleles are the same and genotype is when the alleles are different. 
D)  Phenotype is the alleles that are hidden and genotype is the alleles that are expressed. 
A)  Phenotype is the physical expression of a trait and genotype is the combination of alleles carried by the organism. 
B)  Genotype is the physical expression of a trait and phenotype is the combination of alleles carried by the organism. 
C)  Phenotype is when both alleles are the same and genotype is when the alleles are different. 
D)  Phenotype is the alleles that are hidden and genotype is the alleles that are expressed.

Question 10

In garden peas, the allele for tall plants is dominant over the allele for short plants. Imagine that a true- breeding tall plant is crossed with a short plant. Then one of their offspring is test crossed. Out of 20 offspring resulting from the test cross, about how many should be tall?

Accepted Answer

A)  15 
B)  0 
C)  5 
D)  20 
E)  10 
A)  15 
B)  0 
C)  5 
D)  20 
E)  10

Question 11

For independent assortment of alleles for two different genes to occur, where must the genes be located?

Accepted Answer

The genes

Question 12

A man who carries a harmful sex- linked (on the X chromosome) gene will pass the gene on to

Accepted Answer

A)  half of his sons. 
B)  all of his sons. 
C)  all of his daughters. 
D)  half of his daughters. 
E)  all of his sons and daughters. 
A)  half of his sons. 
B)  all of his sons. 
C)  all of his daughters. 
D)  half of his daughters. 
E)  all of his sons and daughters.

Question 13

Imagine that you self- pollinate heterozygous purple- flowered, long- pollened pea plants and get mostly purple- flowered, long- pollened plants and white- flowered, short- pollened plants, with a few purple- flowered, short- pollened or white- flowered, long- pollened plants. What is the most likely explanation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Long pollen is often lethal, so few plants with long pollen survive to adulthood. 
B)  This is a normal random variation from the expected ratio for independent assortment. 
C)  The gene for flower color is on a sex chromosome. 
D)  The genes for flower color and pollen length are linked. 
E)  The purple allele influences pollen to become shorter. 
A)  Long pollen is often lethal, so few plants with long pollen survive to adulthood. 
B)  This is a normal random variation from the expected ratio for independent assortment. 
C)  The gene for flower color is on a sex chromosome. 
D)  The genes for flower color and pollen length are linked. 
E)  The purple allele influences pollen to become shorter.

Question 14

Describe where in the process of meiosis independent assortment of genes occurs.

Accepted Answer

Homologous pairs of chromosome

Question 15

Which of the following is a sex- linked recessive condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cystic fibrosis 
B)  Sickle- cell anemia 
C)  Hemophilia 
D)  Down syndrome 
E)  Albinism 
A)  Cystic fibrosis 
B)  Sickle- cell anemia 
C)  Hemophilia 
D)  Down syndrome 
E)  Albinism

Question 16

Codominance occurs when

Accepted Answer

A)  offspring exhibit several different phenotypic expressions of a single trait. 
B)  a heterozygote expresses an intermediate phenotype. 
C)  both of the alleles in a heterozygote are equally expressed phenotypically in an individual. 
D)  expression of two different alleles alternates from one generation to the next. 
A)  offspring exhibit several different phenotypic expressions of a single trait. 
B)  a heterozygote expresses an intermediate phenotype. 
C)  both of the alleles in a heterozygote are equally expressed phenotypically in an individual. 
D)  expression of two different alleles alternates from one generation to the next.

Question 17

In Mendel's experiments, if the gene for tall (T1) plants was incompletely dominant over the gene for short (T2) plants, what would be the result of crossing two T1T2 plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  50% tall, 25% intermediate, and 25% short 
B)  25% tall, 25% intermediate, and 50% short 
C)  All the offspring would be tall. 
D)  25% tall, 50% intermediate, and 25% short 
E)  All the offspring would be intermediate. 
A)  50% tall, 25% intermediate, and 25% short 
B)  25% tall, 25% intermediate, and 50% short 
C)  All the offspring would be tall. 
D)  25% tall, 50% intermediate, and 25% short 
E)  All the offspring would be intermediate.

Question 18

Imagine you do a test cross between a purple- flowered pea plant having serrated leaves (both dominant traits) and a white- flowered pea plant having smooth edges. If the purple- flowered plant is heterozygous for both traits, the expected ratio in the offspring is 1 purple- serrated:1 purple- smooth:1 white- serrated:1 white- smooth. Instead, you see 7 purple- serrated:1 purple- smooth:1 white- serrated:7 white- smooth. What is the explanation of this ratio?

Accepted Answer

A)  There has been a mutation during the cross. 
B)  There is incomplete dominance. 
C)  The genes are sex- linked and inherited by incomplete dominance. 
D)  The genes are linked. 
A)  There has been a mutation during the cross. 
B)  There is incomplete dominance. 
C)  The genes are sex- linked and inherited by incomplete dominance. 
D)  The genes are linked.

Question 19

What must occur to result in linked genes not being inherited together?

Accepted Answer

Chromosomes recombin

Question 20

A human sperm cell possesses autosomes and

Accepted Answer

A)  a Y chromosome always. 
B)  exactly the same genetic information as a body cell. 
C)  either an X or a Y chromosome. 
D)  both an X and a Y chromosome. 
E)  an X chromosome always. 
A)  a Y chromosome always. 
B)  exactly the same genetic information as a body cell. 
C)  either an X or a Y chromosome. 
D)  both an X and a Y chromosome. 
E)  an X chromosome always.

Exam 11: Patterns of Inheritance

In humans, the sex of the offspring is determined by the

What are the possible gamete genotypes of an organism that has the genotype HhTt if the two genes are located on separate chromosomes and therefore not linked?

What type of allele produces its effects in only homozygous individuals?

If, in a heterozygous individual, only one allele is expressed in the phenotype, that allele is

Color deficiency is more common in men than in women because

Which of the following is the most common chromosome disorder among live- born infants?

Sickle- cell anemia is caused by a

What is the difference between phenotype and genotype?

In garden peas, the allele for tall plants is dominant over the allele for short plants. Imagine that a true- breeding tall plant is crossed with a short plant. Then one of their offspring is test crossed. Out of 20 offspring resulting from the test cross, about how many should be tall?

For independent assortment of alleles for two different genes to occur, where must the genes be located?

A man who carries a harmful sex- linked (on the X chromosome) gene will pass the gene on to

Describe where in the process of meiosis independent assortment of genes occurs.

Which of the following is a sex- linked recessive condition?

Codominance occurs when

In Mendel's experiments, if the gene for tall (T1) plants was incompletely dominant over the gene for short (T2) plants, what would be the result of crossing two T1T2 plants?

What must occur to result in linked genes not being inherited together?

A human sperm cell possesses autosomes and

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity II: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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