Question 1

Alexander Fleming observed a colony of mold that inhibited the growth of nearby bacteria. What was the hypothesis proposed by Fleming to explain this result?

Accepted Answer

A)  The mold was dead. 
B)  The bacteria changed their DNA when growing near the mold. 
C)  The mold produced a substance that killed nearby bacteria. 
D)  The mold used all of the nutrients so that the bacteria couldn't grow. 
A)  The mold was dead. 
B)  The bacteria changed their DNA when growing near the mold. 
C)  The mold produced a substance that killed nearby bacteria. 
D)  The mold used all of the nutrients so that the bacteria couldn't grow.

Question 2

In evolutionary terms, which of the following cells is considered to be the most primitive?

Accepted Answer

A)  Autotroph 
B)  Eukaryote 
C)  Heterotroph 
D)  Prokaryote 
A)  Autotroph 
B)  Eukaryote 
C)  Heterotroph 
D)  Prokaryote

Question 3

Chromosomes are made of

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA and proteins. 
B)  carbohydrates. 
C)  proteins. 
D)  cells. 
E)  DNA. 
A)  DNA and proteins. 
B)  carbohydrates. 
C)  proteins. 
D)  cells. 
E)  DNA.

Question 4

Evolution is sometimes described as the change from preexisting life- forms to modern- day organisms. What actually changes, in every case of evolution, is the

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic makeup of the species, due to mutations. 
B)  species' physical appearance. 
C)  rate of reproduction. 
D)  energy and nutritional demands of the organism. 
E)  ability of organisms to respond to external stimuli. 
A)  genetic makeup of the species, due to mutations. 
B)  species' physical appearance. 
C)  rate of reproduction. 
D)  energy and nutritional demands of the organism. 
E)  ability of organisms to respond to external stimuli.

Question 5

A good experiment should include as many variables as possible at the same time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Imagine that in 2020 you are the top biologist at a research station studying biodiversity in Costa Rica. A young scientist brings you a sample from a previously unexplored site. She asks you to look at the sample and determine whether it indeed contains microscopic, living organisms. As you begin your investigations, you must first decide what characteristics distinguish life from nonlife. How would you differentiate a living organism from nonliving matter (including viruses and prions)?

Accepted Answer

Answers should descr

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of a natural cause?

Accepted Answer

A)  Epilepsy is a disease caused by uncontrolled firing of nerve cells in the brain. 
B)  If you sneeze, you will die. 
C)  Maggots appear spontaneously on rotting meat. 
D)  Mice arise from discarded garbage. 
A)  Epilepsy is a disease caused by uncontrolled firing of nerve cells in the brain. 
B)  If you sneeze, you will die. 
C)  Maggots appear spontaneously on rotting meat. 
D)  Mice arise from discarded garbage.

Question 8

In which kingdom does a multicellular, eukaryotic, photosynthetic organism belong?

Accepted Answer

A)  Animalia 
B)  Plantae 
C)  Protists 
D)  Fungi 
A)  Animalia 
B)  Plantae 
C)  Protists 
D)  Fungi

Question 9

Using its antennae, the male moth finds female moths by following a trail of airborne chemicals, called pheromones, upwind from the female producing them. This is an example of how living things

Accepted Answer

A)  detect and respond to stimuli. 
B)  grow. 
C)  acquire nutrients. 
D)  reproduce. 
E)  maintain precise internal conditions. 
A)  detect and respond to stimuli. 
B)  grow. 
C)  acquire nutrients. 
D)  reproduce. 
E)  maintain precise internal conditions.

Question 10

Imagine that 1 milliliter of an experimental drug diluted in a saline solution is injected into 20 pregnant mice to determine possible side effects. Which of the following is a suitable control for this experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  20 pregnant mice injected with 2 milliliters of the drug 
B)  20 non- pregnant mice injected with 1 milliliter of the drug 
C)  20 male mice injected with 1 milliliter of the drug 
D)  20 pregnant mice injected with 1 milliliter of saline 
E)  20 male mice injected with 1 milliliter of saline 
A)  20 pregnant mice injected with 2 milliliters of the drug 
B)  20 non- pregnant mice injected with 1 milliliter of the drug 
C)  20 male mice injected with 1 milliliter of the drug 
D)  20 pregnant mice injected with 1 milliliter of saline 
E)  20 male mice injected with 1 milliliter of saline

Question 11

Which of the following levels of organization is the most inclusive (i.e., includes the most life- forms)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ecosystem 
B)  Community 
C)  Population 
D)  Biosphere 
E)  Species 
A)  Ecosystem 
B)  Community 
C)  Population 
D)  Biosphere 
E)  Species

Question 12

Adaptations aid in the survival and reproduction of an organism in a particular environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Errors or changes in the DNA of an organism are called .

Accepted Answer

The answer of Errors or changes in the DNA of...

Question 14

The experiments of Francesco Redi

Accepted Answer

A)  determined that fly larvae were present in raw meat, and when left on the counter they turned into flies. 
B)  disproved that maggots and flies were related. 
C)  used the scientific method to prove the idea of spontaneous generation. 
D)  disproved the idea of spontaneous generation. 
E)  disproved the scientific method. 
A)  determined that fly larvae were present in raw meat, and when left on the counter they turned into flies. 
B)  disproved that maggots and flies were related. 
C)  used the scientific method to prove the idea of spontaneous generation. 
D)  disproved the idea of spontaneous generation. 
E)  disproved the scientific method.

Question 15

The variation among individuals, on which natural selection acts, describes

Accepted Answer

A)  nutritional differences. 
B)  genetic differences. 
C)  random occurrences in the lifetimes of individuals. 
D)  physical training and exercise. 
A)  nutritional differences. 
B)  genetic differences. 
C)  random occurrences in the lifetimes of individuals. 
D)  physical training and exercise.

Question 16

Which of the following is a characteristic of living organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Have a nucleus 
B)  Eat other organisms 
C)  Ability to produce energy 
D)  Maintenance and regulation of internal conditions 
E)  Have membrane- bound organelles 
A)  Have a nucleus 
B)  Eat other organisms 
C)  Ability to produce energy 
D)  Maintenance and regulation of internal conditions 
E)  Have membrane- bound organelles

Question 17

Define biodiversity.

Accepted Answer

Biodiversity is the

Question 18

The concept of evolution is based on

Accepted Answer

A)  parents with variations that pass these variations on to their offspring. 
B)  all genetic variation in a population being equally successful in the same environment. 
C)  any type of genetic variation within a population. 
D)  survival and successful reproduction in organisms with favorable variations. 
A)  parents with variations that pass these variations on to their offspring. 
B)  all genetic variation in a population being equally successful in the same environment. 
C)  any type of genetic variation within a population. 
D)  survival and successful reproduction in organisms with favorable variations.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a part of the community shown in this figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Snake 
B)  Grass 
C)  Hawk 
D)  Stream 
E)  Pronghorn antelope 
A)  Snake 
B)  Grass 
C)  Hawk 
D)  Stream 
E)  Pronghorn antelope

Question 20

Biodiversity is the total number of organisms in an ecosystem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 1: An Introduction to Life on Earth

Alexander Fleming observed a colony of mold that inhibited the growth of nearby bacteria. What was the hypothesis proposed by Fleming to explain this result?

In evolutionary terms, which of the following cells is considered to be the most primitive?

Chromosomes are made of

Evolution is sometimes described as the change from preexisting life- forms to modern- day organisms. What actually changes, in every case of evolution, is the

A good experiment should include as many variables as possible at the same time.

Which of the following is an example of a natural cause?

In which kingdom does a multicellular, eukaryotic, photosynthetic organism belong?

Using its antennae, the male moth finds female moths by following a trail of airborne chemicals, called pheromones, upwind from the female producing them. This is an example of how living things

Imagine that 1 milliliter of an experimental drug diluted in a saline solution is injected into 20 pregnant mice to determine possible side effects. Which of the following is a suitable control for this experiment?

Which of the following levels of organization is the most inclusive (i.e., includes the most life- forms)?

Adaptations aid in the survival and reproduction of an organism in a particular environment.

Errors or changes in the DNA of an organism are called .

The experiments of Francesco Redi

The variation among individuals, on which natural selection acts, describes

Which of the following is a characteristic of living organisms?

Define biodiversity.

The concept of evolution is based on

Which of the following is NOT a part of the community shown in this figure?

Biodiversity is the total number of organisms in an ecosystem.

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity II: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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