Exam 1: Understanding the Police

According to Wilson, police styles that exist in communities are products of community:

Police organizations are unable to influence officer discretion.

Wilson suggested that police organizations are influenced by the types of officers they hire.

Police- citizen encounters revolve around five salient concerns including:

Arrest and the use of force are generally police strategies of last resort.

Lundman calls the dilemma of balancing needs for order with desires for liberty a(n):

The police not only serve the law, they also use it.

At its base, policing is a(n):

Egon Bittner suggested that the core of the police role is:

Departmental policies that instruct officers to ignore speeding violations within certain levels are:

Correlates are factors that:

In a test of Wilson's theory, Langworthy found that police styles differed among communities, and that within styles:

The primary correlates of policing are:

The balance of forces approach to policing taken in the text suggests that police decisions are not explainable.

Generally speaking, the characteristics of people involved in police- citizen encounters are unimportant.

The police are an institution of social control.

The problems for which the police are called to intervene are usually legal problems.

Formal social control exists when people choose to abide by the rules.

Because their decisions determine entry into criminal processing, police are gatekeepers of the justice system.

The police are a natural part of a free society.