Question 1

Competitivexclusion is thresult of

Accepted Answer

A) parasitism. 
B) mutualism. 
C) competition. 
D) predation. 
E) commensalism. 
A) parasitism. 
B) mutualism. 
C) competition. 
D) predation. 
E) commensalism.

Question 2

Many introducespecies havhadeleterious effects on communities anecosystems because

Accepted Answer

A) coevolved parasites and pathogens are absent. 
B) the introduced species are long-lived. 
C) predators prefer the introduced species, and the local prey therefore proliferate to dangerously high levels. 
D) the community from which they came lost an important predator, competitor, or parasite. 
E) human beings do not know how to appreciate them. 
A) coevolved parasites and pathogens are absent. 
B) the introduced species are long-lived. 
C) predators prefer the introduced species, and the local prey therefore proliferate to dangerously high levels. 
D) the community from which they came lost an important predator, competitor, or parasite. 
E) human beings do not know how to appreciate them.

Question 3

A relationship which benefits flow both ways between thinteracting species is

Accepted Answer

A) a neutral relationship. 
B) commensalism. 
C) competitive exclusion. 
D) mutualism. 
E) parasitism. 
A) a neutral relationship. 
B) commensalism. 
C) competitive exclusion. 
D) mutualism. 
E) parasitism.

Question 4

Coexistencof twelvspecies of fruit-eating pigeons in a New Guinea forest is an examplof

Accepted Answer

A) resource partitioning. 
B) competition. 
C) predation. 
D) parasitism. 
E) commensalism. 
A) resource partitioning. 
B) competition. 
C) predation. 
D) parasitism. 
E) commensalism.

Question 5

Secondary succession is likely to occur in

Accepted Answer

A) a deciduous forest. 
B) a shallow lake. 
C) an abandoned field. 
D) a deciduous forest or a shallow lake 
E) a deciduous forest, a shallow lake, or an abandoned field. 
A) a deciduous forest. 
B) a shallow lake. 
C) an abandoned field. 
D) a deciduous forest or a shallow lake 
E) a deciduous forest, a shallow lake, or an abandoned field.

Question 6

Energy flow in an ecosysteis

Accepted Answer

A) cyclical. 
B) one-way. 
C) two-way. 
D) reversible under different conditions. 
E) a conservation mechanism. 
A) cyclical. 
B) one-way. 
C) two-way. 
D) reversible under different conditions. 
E) a conservation mechanism.

Question 7

Most organisms ardependent upon plants because

Accepted Answer

A) plants produce oxygen as a by-product of photosynthesis. 
B) as producers, they form the base of food chains. 
C) they function to prevent erosion and reduce desertification. 
D) as they remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, they reduce the problems generated by the greenhouse effect. 
E) all of these apply. 
A) plants produce oxygen as a by-product of photosynthesis. 
B) as producers, they form the base of food chains. 
C) they function to prevent erosion and reduce desertification. 
D) as they remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, they reduce the problems generated by the greenhouse effect. 
E) all of these apply.

Question 8

Which of thfollowing geographical areas offers thmost suitablenvironment for development of life?

Accepted Answer

A) tropical regions 
B) temperate regions 
C) desert regions 
D) equatorial regions 
E) polar regions 
A) tropical regions 
B) temperate regions 
C) desert regions 
D) equatorial regions 
E) polar regions

Question 9

Which of thfollowing combinations of organisms coulbexpecteto survivin isolation froother forms of lifavailable?

Accepted Answer

A) producers and decomposers 
B) producers and carnivores 
C) carnivores and decomposers 
D) herbivores, carnivores, and decomposers 
E) producers only 
A) producers and decomposers 
B) producers and carnivores 
C) carnivores and decomposers 
D) herbivores, carnivores, and decomposers 
E) producers only

Question 10

Which of thfollowing represents an early stagin primary succession?

Accepted Answer

A) pine trees 
B) mosses and lichen of bare rock 
C) weedy annual plants in an open field 
D) climax species in succession 
E) fields of food crops 
A) pine trees 
B) mosses and lichen of bare rock 
C) weedy annual plants in an open field 
D) climax species in succession 
E) fields of food crops

Question 11

An array of organisms together with their physical environment is which of thfollowing?

Accepted Answer

A) population 
B) community 
C) ecosystem 
D) biosphere 
E) species 
A) population 
B) community 
C) ecosystem 
D) biosphere 
E) species

Question 12

Species interactions differ in

Accepted Answer

A) the extent to which one species is helped or harmed by the presence of another. 
B) degree of dependence. 
C) how exclusive the attachments are. 
D) all of these ways. 
E) none of these ways. 
A) the extent to which one species is helped or harmed by the presence of another. 
B) degree of dependence. 
C) how exclusive the attachments are. 
D) all of these ways. 
E) none of these ways.

Question 13

Four of thfivanswers listebelow arexamples of mutualism.Select thEXCEPTION.

Accepted Answer

A) plants and pollinators 
B) plants and seed dispersal by seed-eating animals 
C) mycorrhizae 
D) antibiotics 
E) lichen 
A) plants and pollinators 
B) plants and seed dispersal by seed-eating animals 
C) mycorrhizae 
D) antibiotics 
E) lichen

Question 14

Which of thfollowing statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Ecologist use models to represent relationships between biogeochemical cycles and most ecosystems. 
B) The physical environment has virtually no reservoir for most elements. 
C) Inputs from the physical environment and recycling made possible by decomposers and detritivores maintain the nutrient reserves in an ecosystem. 
D) In most major ecosystems, the amount of nutrients that is cycled within the ecosystem is greater than the amount entering or leaving the ecosystem in a given year. 
E) Once elements are in the biological part of the biochemical cycles, they are unlikely to leave until the organism dies. 
A) Ecologist use models to represent relationships between biogeochemical cycles and most ecosystems. 
B) The physical environment has virtually no reservoir for most elements. 
C) Inputs from the physical environment and recycling made possible by decomposers and detritivores maintain the nutrient reserves in an ecosystem. 
D) In most major ecosystems, the amount of nutrients that is cycled within the ecosystem is greater than the amount entering or leaving the ecosystem in a given year. 
E) Once elements are in the biological part of the biochemical cycles, they are unlikely to leave until the organism dies.

Question 15

Which of thfollowing is not a greenhousgas?

Accepted Answer

A) methane 
B) oxygen 
C) carbon dioxide 
D) nitrous oxide 
E) chlorofluorocarbon 
A) methane 
B) oxygen 
C) carbon dioxide 
D) nitrous oxide 
E) chlorofluorocarbon

Question 16

Which substancis magnifieduring transfers in ecosystems?

Accepted Answer

A) fat-soluble pesticides 
B) carbohydrates 
C) inorganic phosphates 
D) fat-soluble pesticides and carbohydrates 
E) fat-soluble pesticides, carbohydrates, and inorganic phosphates 
A) fat-soluble pesticides 
B) carbohydrates 
C) inorganic phosphates 
D) fat-soluble pesticides and carbohydrates 
E) fat-soluble pesticides, carbohydrates, and inorganic phosphates

Question 17

Four of thfivanswers listebelow arrelationships in which at least onof thinteractants benefits.Select thEXCEPTION.

Accepted Answer

A) competition 
B) parasitism 
C) mutualism 
D) commensalism 
E) predation 
A) competition 
B) parasitism 
C) mutualism 
D) commensalism 
E) predation

Question 18

Pioneer plants species arusually characterizeby

Accepted Answer

A) small size. 
B) efficient dispersal mechanisms. 
C) slow maturation. 
D) small size and efficient dispersal mechanisms. 
E) small size, efficient dispersal mechanisms, and slow maturation. 
A) small size. 
B) efficient dispersal mechanisms. 
C) slow maturation. 
D) small size and efficient dispersal mechanisms. 
E) small size, efficient dispersal mechanisms, and slow maturation.

Question 19

Which of thfollowing definitions is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

A) A community refers to interaction between populations and their environment. 
B) A community refers to interaction between species and their environment. 
C) A community refers to the area in which different species live. 
D) A community refers to all species that live and interact in a specific area. 
E) None of these are correct. 
A) A community refers to interaction between populations and their environment. 
B) A community refers to interaction between species and their environment. 
C) A community refers to the area in which different species live. 
D) A community refers to all species that live and interact in a specific area. 
E) None of these are correct.

Question 20

In contrast to predation, a parasitusually

Accepted Answer

A) does not kill the animal on which, or in which, it lives. 
B) kills its host. 
C) is a short-term visitor. 
D) is larger than its host. 
E) does not kill the animal on which, or in which, it lives and is larger than its host. 
A) does not kill the animal on which, or in which, it lives. 
B) kills its host. 
C) is a short-term visitor. 
D) is larger than its host. 
E) does not kill the animal on which, or in which, it lives and is larger than its host.

Exam 17: Communities and Ecosystems

Competitivexclusion is thresult of

Many introducespecies havhadeleterious effects on communities anecosystems because

A relationship which benefits flow both ways between thinteracting species is

Coexistencof twelvspecies of fruit-eating pigeons in a New Guinea forest is an examplof

Secondary succession is likely to occur in

Energy flow in an ecosysteis

Most organisms ardependent upon plants because

Which of thfollowing geographical areas offers thmost suitablenvironment for development of life?

Which of thfollowing combinations of organisms coulbexpecteto survivin isolation froother forms of lifavailable?

Which of thfollowing represents an early stagin primary succession?

An array of organisms together with their physical environment is which of thfollowing?

Species interactions differ in

Four of thfivanswers listebelow arexamples of mutualism.Select thEXCEPTION.

Which of thfollowing statements is FALSE?

Which of thfollowing is not a greenhousgas?

Which substancis magnifieduring transfers in ecosystems?

Four of thfivanswers listebelow arrelationships in which at least onof thinteractants benefits.Select thEXCEPTION.

Pioneer plants species arusually characterizeby

Which of thfollowing definitions is CORRECT?

In contrast to predation, a parasitusually

Invitation to Biology

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Energy and Metabolism

Capturing and Releasing Energy

Dna Structure and Function

Gene Expression and Control

How Cells Reproduce

Patterns of Inheritance

Biotechnology

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Early Life Forms and the Viruses

Plants and Fungi

Animal Evolutionunit

Population Ecology

The Biosphere and Human Eff Ects

Animal Tissues and Organs

How Animals Move

Circulation and Respiration

Immunity

Digestion and Excretion

Neural Control and the Senses

Endocrine Control

Reproduction and Development

Plant Form and Function

Plant Reproduction and Development

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